1,720,983 research outputs found
Vittorio Maragliano (1878 −1944) in the history of European medicine: Grand master and pioneer of Italian radiology
No full text: Vittorio Maragliano was born in Genoa in 1878. Fascinated since childhood by all things electric, he succeeded in installing the first radiological apparatus in 1896, only one year after the discovery of "Röntgen rays", and immediately began to make his first radioscopy observations. Having graduated from the University of Genoa in 1901 with a thesis on high-frequency currents, he continued assiduously to frequent the Department of Electrotherapy of the Medical Clinic, where he immediately became an assistant.A teacher of special medical pathology and physical therapy in 1910, Maragliano became tenured professor of electrotherapy and radiology in 1913, occupying one of the first three chairs in the history of Italian radiology, and later directed the Institute of Radiology of the Royal University of Genoa. In the same year, he co-founded, together with Aristide Busi, the Italian Society of Medical Radiology, one of Europe's first scientific societies of radiology.As a pioneer of radiology, Maragliano suffered serious injuries due to radiodermatitis from 1901 onwards, which required amputations and repeated skin transplants. His tireless scientific activity and his great success in the international scientific sphere, together with his copious publications, make Vittorio Maragliano one of the greatest pioneers of 19th-century radiology and a source of pride for the Genoese and Ligurian School of Medicine
In vitro quantitation of the effects of magnetic fields and radiofrequencies on amino acid metabolism
No full textThe extensive use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in medical diagnosis needs experimental confirmation of the real biological harmlessness of magnetic fields and radiofrequencies in the imaging process. To date, no unquestionable conclusions have been drawn and experimental results differ in various literature reports. We investigated the effects of radiofrequencies and magnetic fields on the amino acid content of plasma samples from 10 healthy volunteers aged 25 to 30 years; the samples were exposed for 60 minutes to MR fields at 0.5 T with the sequences commonly used in clinical practice. After exposure to magnetic fields, the samples were analyzed with chromatography and the results compared with those of plasma samples not exposed to MR fields. Thirty-four different amino acids were investigated and no significant changes were observed in the total concentration of any of them. Our results show that, at least in a cell-free system, exposure to a magnetic field at 0.5 T causes no significant quantitative changes in amino acid composition, at least no changes demonstrable at chromatography. On the other hand, our preliminary observation does not exclude that exposure to nonionizing radiation may modify in vivo enzyme kinetics with transient qualitative, but not quantitative, changes
Medical care of and by women in ancient Greece
No full textIntroduction: Medical art in Greece was not exclusively male. The involvement of women in the field of medicine has been documented in several early cultures. Material and methods: Archaeological findings, artistic representations and written sources reveal the feminine presence in medical care in Greece. Results: The history of the childbirth assistance demonstrate the presence of women as obstetricians assisting childbirth in some rituals, sometimes with the help of the presence of the goddess Hannahanna. It is clearly explain the role of women in the myth sphere. In the actions of the gods, the ceremonies highlighted the introduction of a newborn in the family. In mythology we find traces to learn about the ancient sites of care and among the names of those who has it exercised the art of healing also includes several female figures. Conclusion: In this paper, we examine the magical-therapeutic rituals that involved feminine role in Greek mythology
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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