1,720,966 research outputs found
Cultural Integration Difficulties and Stress Dimensions of Immigrant Workers in Southern Italy: Suggested Ethnicity and Work-Related Stress Model
No full textThis study provides an overview in recent immigration phenomena in Italy, entailing its demographic, social and cultural aspects, and focuses on the influence of ethnic differences on health conditions of migrants workers. A multidimensional model of stress, which integrates ethnicity aspects, individual differences and work-related dimensions in the predicition of psychophysical health conditions in migrant workers will be proposed. The model aims to improve psychological interventions promoting migrant workers’ health in workplaces taking into account the significant influence of ethnic differences
Personality characteristics, job stressors, and job satisfaction: Main and interaction effects on psychological and physical health conditions of italian schoolteachers
No full textThe study proposed an application of the transactional model of stress in teaching elaborated by Travers and Cooper in 1996, and aimed to investigate the influence of personality characteristics (coping strategies, type A behaviors), situational characteristics (sources of pressure), and perceived job satisfaction in the prediction of teachers’ psychophysical health conditions. The Italian version of the Teacher Stress Questionnaire was administered to 621 teachers. Logistic regression was used to evaluate significant main and interaction effects of personality characteristics, situational characteristics, and perceived job satisfaction on teachers’ self-reported psychophysical health conditions. The findings highlighted specific coping strategies (focused on the problem, on innovation, and on hobbies and pastimes) and dimensions of job satisfaction (related to intrinsic aspects of job and to employee relations) buffering the negative effects of several job stressors. Type A behaviors and coping strategies focused on mobilized social support, suppression of stress, and not confronting the situation had main and interactions with negative effects on psychophysical health. Findings confirmed the necessity to run multi-factor research to analyze the different combinations of individual and situational variables implicated in negative health outcomes and to highlight the most significant buffering or increasing associations
Teacher stress questionnaire: Validity and reliability study in Italy
No full textThis study analyses the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Teacher Stress Questionnaire elaborated in England by Travers and Cooper in 1996. This Italian survey was completed by 863 teachers randomly drawn from a cross-section of Italian school levels. The construct validity of the questionnaire was verified by factor analysis and by measuring the internal consistency of the single scales. All dimensions measured by the Teacher Stress Questionnaire were compared for sample subgroups of all teacher levels. Several meaningful and reliable factors emerged from the factor analysis of the scales. The internal consistency of each scale (Cronbach's α) revealed satisfactory values. Teachers' age and school level were determining factors for all dimensions of stress explored. The Italian version of the Teacher Stress Questionnaire showed satisfactory psychometric properties and constitutes a useful and reliable measure to analyse stress in Italian schools. © Psychological Reports 2013
Ethnicity and work-related stress: Migrant workers in Southern Italy
No full textThis paper reports a study of ethnicity and work-related stress that takes the Demands-Resources-Individual-Effects (DRIVE) model (Mark & Smith, 2008) as a framework of reference. The model combines individual differences, job characteristics, ethnicity dimensions and appraisals as independent variables in the prediction of psychophysical health outcomes and it was applied in a sample of 900 workers, differing in ethnicity, in Southern Italy. Results confirmed the hypotheses predicted by the suggested model, showed different profiles of associations and the main effects of the independent variables on the psychophysical health outcomes. The importance of including ethnicity dimensions in work-related stress research requires further investigation
EFFORT-REWARD IMBALANCE, WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT AND PSYCHOPHYSICAL HEALTH CONDITIONS OF NURSES: EFFECTS OF GENDER DIFFERENCES
No full textThe study proposes the integration between Effort Reward Imbalance Model (Siegrist, 1996) and the Work-Family Conflict construct (Netemeyer, 1996) and aims at evaluating the main and combined effects of perceived effort- reward imbalance and work-family stress on nurses’ psychophysical health conditions, taking into account gender’ differences. Method. The Italian versions of ERI test (Zurlo, Pes, Siegrist, 2010), SCL-90-R (Preti,Prunas, Sarno, Madeddu, 2011) and Work Family Conflict Scale (WFC; Netemeyer, 1996) were submitted to 250 nurses. Data were treated as follows: frequencies and percentages of perceived Effort-Reward Imbalance, Work- Family Conflict and clinical levels of psychophysical diseases; logistic regression analysis to evaluate the effects of Effort-Reward Imbalance and Work-family Conflict on psychophysical health conditions.
Data showed high levels of perceived Effort-Reward Imbalance (22%) and Work-Family Conflict (48.8%), and of Somatization (65.2%), Interpersonal Sensitivity (58.8%), Hostility (58%), Physical disease (83.6%). For female nurses, buffering effects of Esteem Reward on Anxiety (OR=.422,CI=.187-. 954), Interpersonal Sensitivity (OR=.376, CI=.155-.910) and Psychoticism (OR=.298, CI=.134-.665) and for male nurses, buffering effects of Job- Security Reward on Anxiety (OR=.227, CI=.075-.683), Interpersonal Sensitivity (OR=.140, CI=.040-.491) and Psychoticism (OR=.339, CI=. 116-.989) were found. In addition significant main effects of perceived Effort Reward Imbalance on Depression (OR= 5.363, CI=1.901-15.131) and Somatization (OR=2.857, CI = 1.061-7.693) for male nurses, and of Work Family Conflict on Depression (OR=2.866, CI=1.363-6.027) and Somatization (OR=2.830, CI=1.221-6.558) for female nurses were reported.The study confirms the influence of gender on nurses’ perceived stress and health conditions and gives a contribution in promoting interventions to support nurses’ psychophysical health
Ethnicity, work-related stress and subjective reports of health by migrant workers: A multi-dimensional model
No full textObjectives: This study integrates different aspects of ethnicity and work-related stress dimensions (based on the Demands-Resources- Individual-Effects model, DRIVE [Mark, G. M., and A. P. Smith. 2008. “Stress Models: A Review and Suggested New Direction.” In Occupational Health Psychology, edited by J. Houdmont and S. Leka, 111-144. Nottingham: Nottingham University Press]) and aims to test a multi-dimensional model that combines individual differences, ethnicity dimensions, work characteristics, and perceived job satisfaction/stress as independent variables in the prediction of subjectives reports of health by workers differing in ethnicity. Design: A questionnaire consisting of the following sections was submitted to 900 workers in Southern Italy: for individual and cultural characteristics, coping strategies, personality behaviours, and acculturation strategies; for work characteristics, perceived job demands and job resources/rewards; for appraisals, perceived job stress/satisfaction and racial discrimination; for subjective reports of health, psychological disorders and general health. To test the reliability and construct validity of the extracted factors referred to all dimensions involved in the proposed model and logistic regression analyses to evaluate the main effects of the independent variables on the health outcomes were conducted. Results: Principal component analysis (PCA) yielded seven factors for individual and cultural characteristics (emotional/relational coping, objective coping, Type A behaviour, negative affectivity, social inhibition, affirmation/maintenance culture, and search identity/adoption of the host culture); three factors for work characteristics (work demands, intrinsic/extrinsic rewards, and work resources); three factors for appraisals (perceived job satisfaction, perceived job stress, perceived racial discrimination) and three factors for subjective reports of health (interpersonal disorders, anxious-depressive disorders, and general health). Logistic regression analyses showed main effects of specific individual and cultural differences, work characteristics and perceived job satisfaction/stress on the risk of suffering health problems. Conclusion: The suggested model provides a strong framework that illustrates how psychosocial and individual variables can influence occupational health in multi-cultural workplaces
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
