1,721,040 research outputs found
Integrazione trasversale e longitudinale degli insegnamenti , un percorso tra prospettive e limiti
No full textHyperinsulinaemia in Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus: A Chronobiological Approach
No full textBlood pressure was continuously recorded for 24 h in 31 non-insulin-dependent diabetic men with borderline, mild, or moderate systolic and/or diastolic hypertension. A 2-h oral glucose tolerance test was also performed with blood glucose, serum insulin and C-peptide determination at 30-min intervals. Significant correlations were found between fasting and post-glucose integrated area of blood glucose, insulin and C-peptide concentrations versus blood pressure measures. Total insulin area appeared to correlate significantly with diastolic measures [casual, daytime, night-time, mean computational(mesor), hyperbaric impact and percent time elevation], mean blood pressure, and mesor and hyperbaric impact systolic measures. It is concluded that the more accurate assessment of the circadian pattern of blood pressure by a chronobiological procedure allowed the existence of close correlations between metabolic and blood pressure measures to be established, confirming the importance of hyperinsulinaemia in the pathophysiology of arterial hypertension
[The "problem obesity": viewpoint of the internist].
No full textThe prevalence of obesity has reached epidemic dimension in industrialized countries and it is known that obesity is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Commonly, obesity is defined by the Body Mass Index (BMI). However, BMI fails to consider body fat distribution. The relationship between the risk of metabolic-cardiovascular diseases and body fat distribution indices such as the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and the waist circumference, rather than measures of the degree of body fatness as expressed by BMI, has long been recognized. Recently, clinical and epidemiological research has found waist circumference to be the best anthropometric indicator of both total body fat and intra-abdominal fat mass. Android or visceral obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality through a variety of molecular mechanisms possibly linking the metabolic syndrome to hemostatic and vascular abnormalities. Obesity guidelines suggest the need for weight reduction using behavioural change to reduce caloric intake and increasing physical activity. A realistic goal for weight reduction is to reduce body weight by 5% to 10% over a period of 6 to 12 months. Combined intervention of a low calories diet, increased physical activity, and behaviour therapy provides better outcomes for long-term weight reduction and weight maintenance than programs that use only one or two of these modalities. The drugs used to promote weight loss have been anorexic drugs or appetite suppressants. All classes of anorexic drugs affect neurotransmitters in the brain. The new agent sibutramine has norepinephrine and serotonin effects. Another new agent, orlistat, has a different mechanism of action, the reduction of fat absorption. Weight loss drugs approved by the FDA for long-term use may be useful as an adjunct to diet, physical activity and behaviour therapy for patients with a BMI of > or =30 with no concomitant obesity-related risk factors or diseases, and for patients with a BMI of > or =27 with concomitant obesity-related risk factors or disease
Circadian time structure in the endocrine system of elderly subjects
No full textSix young, healthy males (mean age 27 +/- 0.8 years) and six healthy elderly men (mean age 75 +/- 2.0 years) underwent an evaluation of their circadian rhythms in cortisol, PRL, and TSH; oral body temperature and heart rate also were recorded. In the two groups no differences in the circadian patterns of cortisol, PRL, and body temperature were found. We consider it remarkable that the mesor of PRL values did not differ significantly between young and elderly subjects. A markedly advanced TSH acrophase was found in the elderly compared to the young controls. This change in acrophase could be important, because the hormone is known to be a marker of the function of the hypothalamus-hypophysis axis. In addition, an advance of the acrophase of the heart rate in the elderly compared to the younger age group was observed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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