13,786 research outputs found
Germplasm evaluation of spontaneous myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) for cultivar selection and crop development
No full textMyrtle (Myrtus communis L.), a shrub that grows spontaneously in the Mediterranean maquis, is well known for aromatic constituents in the essential oil from the plant. Currently, the harvest of fruit from wild plants by liqueur producers is insufficient to mcet the needs for raw materials, making cultivation of myrtle urgent. To locate myrtle cultivars for cultivation, more than 70 wild growing myrtle ecotypes in Sardinia were evaluated. The most useful characters in cultivar selection for cultivation and domestication were fruit size, peduncle length, pulp/seed ratio, and number of fruit per shoot. A positive correlation existed between fruit weight and volume, fruit weight and seed weight per fruit, and number of internodes per shoot and shoot length
Il germoplasma di Myrtus communis e la selezione di ecotipi per la produzione del liquore tipico di Mirto
No full textFirst observation of myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) germplasm for characters related to intensive plant cultivation
No full textCharacters useful to cultivation in spontaneous populations of Myrtus communis L
No full textMyrtle is an useful plant of Mediterranean maquis. Its uses are as cattle feed, to provide wood, as food seasoning, and for essential,oil extraction. Fruit is also used in producing a typical myrtle liqueur, which now enjoys a good position on the market. However, spontaneous fruit and biomass harvests from the wild population are now insufficient to cover the demand and the domestication of Myrtus communis appears to be the only way to assure further industry development.
For this reason, a research aimed at evaluating some ecotypes selected from Sardinian spontaneous populations was conducted from 1995. More than 70 ecotypes were selected, analysed, and agamically propagated. In situ mother plant evaluation was performed by filling in a minimal descriptor list with some information on plant status and ecosystem characteristics. The following characters were observed on a sample of fruit-bearing shoots: shoot length, fruit number per shoot, fruit size, peduncle length, pulp/seed ratio in fruit, leaf size. Variability of all parameters was analysed in the population studied. Moreover, ecotypes were tested for rooting ability of softwood cuttings.
Among the most useful characters for a clone selection program should be indicated: spring shoot length, which is related to flower and fruit number; fruit size and peduncle length, which is useful in ensuring easy harvesting; and rooting ability of softwood cuttings, of fundamental importance in developing selected clones for intensive cultivation
Clone selection from spontaneous germplasm to improve Rosmarinus officinalis L. crop
No full textMany experiences in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) cultivation have taken place in different areas, but up to the present the characteristics and adaptability of Sardinia's spontaneous germplasm have not been investigated. The aim of the research was thus to study some good ecotypes selected from spontaneous populations for crop evaluation in warm and dry Mediterranean conditions.
Eleven ecotypes were studied in this preliminary stage. A minimal descriptor list was filled in and three-year or older branches were sampled for morphological and biometric determinations. The following measurements were taken: shoot and internode length; number of leaves per internode; leaf width and length; shoot dry weight. The rough powder obtained by leaf drying was used for essential oil content determination.
The results showed that shoot length was comprised between 3 and 20 cm and internode number ranged from 9 to 24. Leaf number per shoot was between 29 and 163; and their size varied from 14.6 to 22.0 mm (length) and from 1.2 to 1.8 mm (width). Spring shoot fresh weight was between 0.3 and 2.3 g, while dry matter content of shoot ranged between 41 and 70%.
The maximum number of leaves per shoot (over 160) was recorded in S. Antioco 1 ecotype and the minimum (under 30) in Capo Figari. Leaves per cm of shoot were between 6 and 17. Dry leaf powder of different ecotypes had typical colours ranging from brown to deep-green or yellow-green.
Essential oil content ranged between 0.8 to 2.6% of the dry powder weight
Presentazione di una "descriptor list" per la caratterizzazione delle risorse genetiche del mirto (Myrtus communis L.)
No full textProspettive per la coltivazione e valorizzazione del mirto (Myrtus communis L.) come pianta aromatica da condimento
No full textBiodiversità delle popolazioni spontanee di rosmarino (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) e selezioni di ecotipi pregevoli
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