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Evoluzione morfodinamica di fenomeni di insabilità gravitativa nel bacino di Crotone-Spartivento, Sud Italia, attraverso integrazione di dati geofisici e geologici
No full textI fenomeni di instabilità gravitativi sono noti per essere ampiamente diffusi negli ambienti marini, poiché essi modellando la morfologia del fondale marino, dalle zone della scarpata continentale fino alle piane abissali. Inoltre, i fenomeni di instabilità gravitativi sono una delle fonti principale di un'enorme quantità di sedimenti che dalle piattaforma continentali vengono trasportati fino alle piane abissali. Lo studio di questi processi è importante perché permette di capire le dinamiche che li regolano e perché questi fenomeni possono rappresentare potenziali rischi per le attività umane sia lungo le aree costiere che in quelle a largo dalla costa. I fenomeni di instabilità gravitativi sono stati identificati e classificati in base alle dinamiche che li regolano, alla reologia e alla loro distribuzione spaziale e temporale, ponendo particolare attenzione ai fenomeni che ne sono la causa.
L'area oggetto di studio è rappresentata dal bacino di avantarco di Crotone-Spartivento (Mar Ionio, Italia), sviluppatosi in un margine tettonicamente attivo, caratterizzato dalla subduzione della placca africana contro quella europea. Lavori recenti (Ceramicola et al., 2014a, 2012; Morelli et al., 2011) avevano già dimostrato che l’area come l’area sia interessata da estesi e diversificati fenomeni di instabilità gravitativi, in particolare lungo il versante continentale del margine calabrese, attraverso studi condotti grazie ai progetti nazionali: MaGIC (Marine Geohazards Along the Italian Coasts 2007-2003) e Ritmare (2012-2016). Tuttavia, alcuni aspetti legati alla natura e allo sviluppo di questi processi gravitativi sono ancora poco chiari, da qui l'obiettivo di questo studio, che si propone la caratterizzazione dei processi di instabilità gravitativi sa che si verificano nel bacino di Crotone-Spartivento attraverso un'integrazione di dati geofisici e geologici, sia pubblici sia di recente acquisizione ed ottenuti anche grazie alla collaborazione con l’industria petrolifera.
Lo studio è stato diviso in due fasi: una prima fase volta alla classificazione dei processi gravitativi attraverso una caratterizzazione morfologica e morfo metrica, e una seconda fase volta alla comprensione dei fenomeni classificati in relazione all'evoluzione geologica del margine, cercando di capire quali possano essere i fattori che hanno causato tali eventi.
In base alle loro differenze in termini di caratteristiche geomorfologiche, e morfometriche i processi di instabilità gravitativi sono stati divisi in tre principali categorie: 1) frane sottomarine isolate (ISLs), 2) frane lungo le testate e i fianchi dei canyon (HHSs) , 3) strutture di creeping (GGCs).
La relazione con l’evoluzione geologica del bacio di Crotone-Spartvento è stata ottenuta attraverso un'analisi sismo stratigrafica, cercando di identificare i possibili fattori che hanno causato gli eventi legati ai processi di instabilità gravitativi, al fine di suggerire un modello evolutivo che permettesse di capire anche le età e la frequenza dei processi. Le analisi condotte hanno permesso di identificare tre principali discordanze stratigrafiche e quattro unità sismiche. LE discordanze stratigrafiche sono state datate al Miocene (~ 5,3 Ma), al Pliocene medio (MPCU ~ 3,4-3,6 Ma) e al Pleistocene medio (MPSU ~ 1,1-1,2 Ma) e associate all’ evoluzione geodinamica tardo Messiniana Plio-Quaternaria dell'arco di subduzione calabro. Queste tre discordanze stratigrafiche rappresentano i limiti stratigrafici tra le quattro unità sismiche, denominate Unità A, Unità B, Unità C e Unità D. Le tre categorie di processi di instabilità gravitativi classificati sembrano essere legati al rapido sollevamento che ha colpito la Calabria nell'ultimo 1 Ma, in concomitanza ad una subsidenza generale del bacino di Crotone-Spartivento, che ha provocato un rapido aumento dell’inclinazione dei versanti sottomarini ritenuto responsabile dello sviluppo dei processi gravitativi.Submarine mass movements are known to be widely present in marine environments, shaping the seafloor morphology from the shallow upper continental slope down to the abyssal plain. In addition, submarine movements represent an important source of a huge amount of sediments from shallow water areas down to deeper basins. It is important to understand the functioning of mass transport processes because they often represent potential geohazards for human activities both along the coastal and offshore areas. Submarine mass wasting processes have been identified and classified according to their failure dynamics, rheology, spatial and temporal distribution. Particular attention is dedicated to the factors that can trigger or precondition certain area to failure and thus to mass wasting processes initiation.
The investigated area is represented by the Crotone-Spartivento forearc basin (Ionian Sea, Italy), generated as a consequence of a tectonically active margin, characterized by the subduction of the African plate beneath the European plate. Recent works (Ceramicola et al., 2014a, 2012; Morelli et al., 2011) conducted in the study area have showed that a variety of mass movements occur along the inner continental slope of the Ionian Calabrian margin in recent times, based thanks to two Italian projects: the MaGIC (Marine Geohazards Along the Italian Coasts 2007-2003) and the Ritmare projects (2012-2016). In addition to this dataset, industrial multichannel seismic reflection data from industry and newly acquired geophysical data have been added .The objective of this study is the characterization of mass movement processes occurring in the Crotone-Spartivento basin through a geophysical and geological data integration.
The study was divided into two steps: 1) classification of the MTCs occurring at the Crotone-Spartivento basin through morphological and morphometrical analysis of MTCs related features, 2) link the identified MTCs to the geological evolution of the margin and evaluate possible triggering and preconditioning factors. Based on their differences in style, geomorphologic features and scale, three main types of MTCs were recognized: 1) Isolated submarine landslides (ISLs), 2) Headwall and sidewall canyon slides (HSSs), 3) Gravity gliding complexes (GGCs).
A seismostratigraphic analysis have been performed to study the identified MTCs in relation to the Plio-Quaternary evolution of the, trying to identify possible preconditioning and triggering factors, in order to suggest a model for the MTCs occurred along the Crotone Spartivento.Stratigraphic analysis performed led to the identification of three main unconformities and four seismic units, tentatively dated to top of the Miocene (~ 5.3 Ma), Middle Pliocene (MPCU ~ 3.4-3.6 Ma) and Middle Pleistocene (MPSU ~ 1.1-1.2 Ma) and associated to the Late Messinian Plio-Quaternary geodynamics of the Calabrian Arc. These three unconformities marks the boundaries between four seismic units, named Unit A, Unit B, Unit C and Unit D. The three types of MTCs (SLs, HHS and GGCs) identified along the Calabrian Ionian margin has been constrained seems to be related to the general and rapid uplift that affected Calabria in the last 1 Ma that coupled with a general subsidence of the Crotone-Spartivento fore arc basin is inferred to be responsible of a rapid slope steepening that triggered the MTCs identified
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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