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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Sensibilidade de parametrizações de convecção cúmulus e microfísica de nuvens em eventos extremos de precipitação na bacia do Rio Paraíba do Sul
Get PDFThe Paraiba do Sul River Basin (PSRB) is frequently affected by extreme rainfall events, especially by weather systems during its rainy season, leading to financial damage and losses of human lives. The Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) is a tool capable of supporting the forecast of natural disasters. However, its limitations and capabilities require understanding and addressing. In those terms, this work aims to investigate the sensitivity of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model on forecasting an extreme rainfall event that affected the Basin in January 2016, causing financial and human losses. Eight high resolution (3-km of maximum horizontal grid spacing) numerical simulations were performed by combining four cloud microphysics (CMP) and two cumulus convection schemes (CC). The simulations were compared against observed rainfall data (weather gauges), satellite-based precipitation estimates, and weather radar data. Results showed that WRF was able to represent the large-scale processes (South Atlantic Convergence Zone), with secondary errors caused by the positioning and intensity of the horizontal moisture convergence fields. Statistically, the simulations captured the correlations between forecasted and observed rain at the gauges, with values above 0.9. However, WRF showed strong dispersion between the experiments (above 50%), with strong tendency of underestimation of accumulated precipitation (by up to 80% at some sites). The vertical fields of radar reflectivity showed satisfactory results, but WRF tended to overestimate cloud depths by up to 2 km. Also, the simulations showed the early suppression of convective activity after the first two days of integration, leading to low rainfall amounts. However, WRF was able to simulate convectively active environments. On the vertical distribution of hydrometeors, the role of CC was indifferent in comparison with the sensitivity from the hydrometeor classes to CMP choices. The sophistication of CMP schemes was crucial to the horizontal and vertical fields. The prognostic of hail in CMP Milbrandt 2-moment and the consideration of advanced warm-rain processes in WDM6 contributed to a more adherent representation of cloud processes below the melting layer, as well as ice particles higher up in the atmosphere. Such representations impact hydrometeors distributions as well as further processes regarding up-/down-drafts. Overall, complexities associated with orography and land-use at the Basin watershed suggest the application of higher horizontal resolution runs to overcome errors from interactions between convection and terrain. This work is a contribution to the development of operational weather forecasts to the PSRB to mitigate natural disasters associated with extreme precipitation.A Bacia do Rio Paraíba do Sul (BRPS) é afetada recorrentemente por eventos extremos de precipitação, especialmente por sistemas meteorológicos típicos de sua estação chuvosa, causando danos materiais e humanos para a região. A Previsão Numérica do Tempo (PNT) é uma ferramenta capaz de auxiliar na previsão e mitigação de desastres naturais, porém suas limitações e recursos necessitam ser compreendidas e endereçados. Nesse sentido, este trabalho propõe a investigação da sensibilidade do modelo de PNT Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) na previsão de um evento extremo de precipitação que atingiu a BRPS em janeiro de 2016, causando danos materiais e fatalidades. Foram realizadas oito simulações de alta resolução com uma grade aninhada de 3 km sobre uma grade-mãe de 12 km de resolução horizontal, resultantes da combinação de quatro parametrizações de microfísica de nuvens (MF) e duas parametrizações de convecção cúmulus (CC). As simulações foram comparadas à dados observados de precipitação (estações meteorológicas), dados de estimativa de precipitação por satélite e dados de refletividade de radar. Os resultados mostraram que o WRF foi capaz de representar o fenômeno de grande escala (Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul), com erros secundários causados pelo posicionamento e intensidade dos campos de convergência de umidade. Estatisticamente, as simulações capturaram as correlações (superiores à 0,9 em algumas estações) entre a precipitação prevista e a observada por estações meteorológicas, porém apresentaram grande dispersão dentre os experimentos, além de forte tendência de subestimativa (acima de 80% em algumas estações) da chuva total no evento. Os campos verticais de refletividade apresentaram resultados satisfatórios, porém o modelo tende a superestimar a profundidade das tempestades em até 2 km em regiões altamente convectivas. Apesar de erros nos campos horizontais de precipitação, o modelo foi capaz de simular ambientes convectivamente ativos. Na distribuição vertical de hidrometeoros, o papel da parametrização de CC foi desprezível comparado à sensibilidade das classes de hidrometeoros à diferentes parametrizações de MF. A sofisticação dos esquemas de MF foi crucial para os campos médios horizontais e verticais. A consideração de granizo na MF de Milbrandt 2-moment e a incorporação da processos mais sofisticados de chuva quente na MF de WDM6 contribuíram para a representação mais coerente de nuvens abaixo da camada de derretimento, e de partículas de gelo em níveis atmosféricos mais altos. Tais representações impactam os hidrometeoros em si, mas também afetam processos de correntes ascendentes/descendentes que interferem na formação de precipitação. Nesse contexto, a grande complexidade orográfica e de uso de solo da Bacia sugere a utilização de simulações de altíssima resolução na tentativa da redução de erros associados à interação da convecção com a topografia. Este trabalho é uma contribuição ao desenvolvimento de previsões numéricas operacionais para a BRPS para mitigação e prevenção de desastres naturais motivados por extremos de precipitação
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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