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    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Metal polypyrazolylborates XIII. Solution and solid state NMR study of cyano-mercury(II) polypyrazolylborates. X-ray crystal structure of [HB(3,5-Me2pz)3]HgCN

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    Complexes of the cyanomercury cation with various polypyrazolylborato ligands of the type HB(pz)(3) . Hg-CN or pzB(pz)(3) . Hg-CN (pz = pyrazolyl or substituted pyrazolyl) have been synthesised and characterised by IR, conductivity, H-1, C-13, and Hg-199 NMR spectroscopy. The crystal structure of the cyanomercury hydridotris(1H-3,5-dimethylpyrazol-I-yl)borate has been resolved (space group with a = 7.863(3), b = 11.157(5), c = 13.117(5)Angstrom; alpha = 89.32(3), beta = 78.31(3), gamma = 79.13(4)degrees, V = 1106.22 Angstrom(3), Z = 2) showing a distorted tetrahedral coordination around Hg. The tris(pyrazolyl)borato complexes contain four-coordinated Hg and are rigid in solution at r.t., while the tetrakis(pyrazolyl)borates are fluxional. The N-15-CPMAS-NMR spectrum of the pzTp . HgCN derivative suggests a tetracoordination around mercury in this complex in the solid state

    Sir99, a program for the automatic solution of small and large crystal structures

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    The moduli and flow diagram of the program SIR99 are described. New phasing algorithms are proposed working both in direct and in reciprocal space. Their cooperative work is able to solve the structures of both small and large molecules. In particular, small proteins can be solved ab initio without any use of prior information and any user intervention. The efficiency of the various algorithms employed by SIR99 has been tested, and the role of the tangent formula clarified. The user is also provided with some practical information concerning the computer power needed
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