1,721,141 research outputs found
“A Short-Term Diachronic Perspective on Political Commercials as a Hybridized Genre: A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis”
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"Redrawing the Map of an Enlarged European Id-Entity: New Margins Stretching the Centre"
No full textThe paper deals with the discursive and multimodal resources employed to construct the EU configuration of positions in relationship to ‘Europeanness’. It mainly focuses on the description and examination of the various communicative modalities and practices used by the EU to form and further a pan-European identity. We have paid particular attention to the communicative strategies adopted by the EUROPA website. In many ways, these persuasive and self-legitimating strategies are amongst the most traditional of rhetorical devices, but as so often, the medium is the message: the adoption of new communicative technologies is shown to be both an appropriate and powerful way of creating the new spaces, sets of values and voices on which new identities are necessarily based
The importance of Italian Mafia ?Culturemes? and their translation in the harmonisation of EU Anti-Mafia Legislation
No full textSince the entry into force of the Schengen Treaty, transnational crime
has risen to unprecedented levels, taking advantage of free movement
across Europe. Against this scenario, great attention is being paid to
Italian Anti-Mafia legislation (with specific reference to Article 416-bis)
as a possible guideline to follow across Europe (de Magistris, 2012, p.
275) for the establishment of legislation against criminal organisations.
However, translating Italian Mafia-related legislation is problematic,
due to the peculiar organisation of Italian Mafias, and to the presence in
Italian legislation against criminal organisations of “culturemes” that
can be defined as “formalized, socially, and juridically embedded
phenomena that exist in a particular form or function in only one of the
two cultures being compared” (Katan, 2009, p. 79). The need to
translate Mafia-related terminology is the starting point of this study,
which analyses the possible translation solutions of the main
“culturemes” used in Article 416-bis, namely associazione mafiosa and
omertà, in a corpus of EU legislation on organised crime. The overall
intents are to address some of the culture- and language-related issues
involved in the fight against transnational criminal organisations, and
highlight the importance of being able to prosecute Mafia organisations
also in those countries where loopholes still exist in national legislation
against organised crime. Though recognising precedent relevant studies
on Italian Mafia-related “culturemes”, the authors conclude that the aim
of harmonisation can be reached only by neutralising all references to
the Italian criminal system and to the culturemes present in Article
416-bis
Popularization and dissemination of legal knowledge in EU Summaries of Directives on immigration and asylum
No full textThis study attempts to provide some new insights with reference to institutional discourse, specifically with regard to the dissemination of legal knowledge in Summaries of EU legislation within the areas of freedom, security and justice. The Summaries, which are retrievable from the EU website (http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/index_en.htm), have been examined with reference to relevant Directives issued between 2003 and 2005. The investigation was carried out following the main steps outlined here: 1) an analysis of structural and linguistic components of both Summaries and Directives in order to define the language of popularization vis-à-vis specialized language; 2) an analysis of features of EU Summaries in order to define the genre to which they belong; 3) an analysis of modal auxiliaries in the Summaries and the Directives, specifically WILL, MAY and SHALL, in an attempt to investigate issues of power and control ‘operationalised’ by the EU in addressing a non-specialist audience with reference to the acceptance of migrants and the granting of human rights. Thiis study, which follows a qualitative-quantitative approach, mainly draws upon genre analysis and popularization (Bhatia 1998, 2004; Gotti 2003; Hilgartner 1990; Swales 1990; Whitley 1985), Critical Discourse Analysis (Fairclough 1989, 2003) and studies on modality (Hoye 1997; Palmer 1979, 1986, 2001) applied to legal discourse (Engberg/Heller 2008; Endicott 2000, 2005; Bhatia et al. 2005; Williams (2005) 2007, 2006). AntConc 3.2.1 is the software used to search for specific words and phrases. The investigation has revealed the primary role of purpose in relation to audience and enhancement of power and control of the authority in a popularization
Benign idiopathic partial seizures in the velocardiofacial syndrome: report of two cases.
No full textGastrointestinal safety and anti-inflammatory effects of a hydrogensulfide-releasing diclofenac derivative in the rat.
No full textBACKGROUND & AIMS: Gastrointestinal damage caused by nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) remains a significant clinical problem. Hydrogen
makes an important contribution to mucosal defense, and NSAIDs can suppress its
synthesis. In this study, we evaluated the gastrointestinal safety and
anti-inflammatory effects of a novel "HS-NSAID" (ATB-337) that consists of
diclofenac linked to a hydrogen sulfide-releasing moiety.
METHODS: The gastrointestinal injury-inducing effects of single or repeated
administration of diclofenac versus ATB-337 were compared in rats, as were their
effects on prostaglandin synthesis and cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 activities. The
ability of these drugs to reduce carrageenan-induced paw edema and to elicit
leukocyte adherence to the vascular endothelium (intravital microscopy) were also
examined in rats.
RESULTS: Diclofenac (10-50 micromol/kg) dose-dependently damaged the stomach,
while ATB-337 did not. Repeated administration of diclofenac caused extensive
small intestinal damage and reduced hematocrit by 50%. ATB-337 induced >90% less
intestinal damage and had no effect on hematocrit. Diclofenac, but not ATB-337,
elevated gastric granulocyte infiltration and expression of tumor necrosis factor
alpha, lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1, and intercellular adhesion
molecule 1. ATB-337 inhibited cycloxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2 activity as
effectively as diclofenac. ATB-337 did not induce leukocyte adherence, whereas
diclofenac did, and was more potent at reducing paw edema.
CONCLUSIONS: An HS-NSAID spares the gastric mucosa of injury despite markedly
suppressing prostaglandin synthesis. This effect may be related to hydrogen
sulfide-mediated inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression and of the
leukocyte adherence to vascular endothelium normally induced by cyclooxygenase
inhibitors
Perfusion of rat colon with sennosides, rhein and rheinanthrone. Concentration-related histamine release.
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