130,633 research outputs found
Application of Simple partitioning Models in Hazard assessment,, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL, USA
No full textPreliminary assessment of potential environmental impact of insecticides treated nets (ITNs) to aquatic ecosystems
No full textReport for WHO –Geneva, CH, Project Roll Back Malaria
Recent DDT Contamination In Lake Maggiore (Italy): Modelling in Pelagic And Littoral Foodwebs
No full textEffect of either sodium selenite or Se-yeast supplementation on selenium status and milk characteristics in dairy goats.
No full textThis study aimed to determine the effects of dietary Se source on goat’s milk and blood Se
status, and its subsequent effects on a number of milk characteristics. Ninety lactating dairy
goats fed the same basal diet were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 dietary treatments: negative
control (CTRL), containing background Se only (dietary concentration of 0.13mgSe kg−1
DM); selenium yeast (SY) as the Se supplement (0.26mgSe head−1 d−1 of Se–yeast individually
offered); sodium selenite (SS) as the Se supplement (0.26mghead−1 d−1 of sodium
selenite individually offered). The period of supplementation was 112 d. Jugular venous
blood samples (before morning meal) and milk samples (a.m. milking) were taken from 10
goats/treatment on d 0, 28, 56, 84 and 112, and milk yields recorded. On d 84 three Italian
fresh cheeses were manufactured from bulk milk taken from each treatment. Selenium
content of whole blood, plasma, milk and cheese was determined and erythrocyte glutathione
peroxidase (GPX-1) activity was also measured. The proportion of Se incorporated
as selenomethionine (SeMet) or selenocysteine (SeCys) in pooled whole blood samples
was determined on d 0, 56, and 112. Milk samples were analysed for fat, protein, lactose,
somatic cell count, thiocyanate and lactoperoxidase activity. Keeping quality of pasteurized
milk was measured using pH, clot on boiling and alcohol stability tests. Data were analysed
as repeated measures. Both Se sources, when compared to CTRL, increased GPX-1 activity
(P < 0.05), the Se content of blood (P < 0.001) and plasma (P < 0.05). However, there were
no differences between sources neither on GPX-1 activity nor on the Se content of whole
blood and plasma. Despite this lack of difference in total Se in whole blood there were
greater increases in blood SeMet contents in SY supplemented animals when compared to
CTRL and SS. Milk Se content was only numerically higher in SS when compared to CTRL
but greater in SY when compared to both SS and CTRL (P < 0.001). Cheese Se content mirrored
the Se content of milk. Milk yield and milk characteristics were not affected by Se
supplementation. These results seem to indicate a greater efficiency of uptake and incorporation
of Se into milk in those animals supplemented with Se–yeast when compared to
those receiving comparable doses of selenite
Rapporto del DBSF sul “Progetto esecutivo delle ricerche sulla distribuzione e gli effetti del DDT nell’ecosistema del Lago Maggiore”
No full textRAPPORTO ALLA COMMISSIONE ITALO-SVIZZERA PER LA PESC
Relationships between chlorinated hydrocarbons in vegetation and socioeconomic indices on a global scale
No full textMany advances have been made in the comprehension of the environmental distribution of persistent organic chemicals. Previous studies on chlorinated hydrocarbons in vegetation have shown that physicochemical properties in combination with environmental characteristics are the most important factors in determining the distribution pattern in remote areas, while present and past use seem to be the most important element near source areas. To better understand how a country's technological level and socioeconomic conditions impact on the environment in terms of organic contamination, several published data on contamination in vegetation by HCHs, HCB, and DDTs along with a new set of results from different countries were considered in relation to socioeconomic indices (Gross National Product per capita and Human Development Index). HCB and secondly γ-HCH seem to be linked to the economic development, while among the DDTs only the DDT/ DDE ratio shows a significant relationship with the considered indices. The proposed relationships between pollution and development highlight new elements that contribute to the understanding of the inputs and distribution of organic contaminants
A FUGACITY MODEL OF PESTICIDE RUNOFF TO SURFACE-WATER - DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION
No full textReal field data for pesticide release to surface water are compared with data obtained by simulations of a fugacity-derived model. This was done for several herbicides, applied on to two basins, characterized by different soil properties. The basin were hydraulically isolated and data for water input (rainfall and irrigation), output (outflowing surface water) were recorded, together with concentration of the investigated pesticides in the outflowing water. A fugacity model was developed to take into account the unsteady-state condition of the actual field treatments, since pesticides are typically applied once or twice on the same area. The model allows for several pesticide applications on different areas of the basin at different times and for different reaction half lives, that may change during the simulation time, depending on environmental conditions. A “user friendly” program for Windows® was written, allowing for calculations and plotting of the results. The comparison between predicted and measured concentrations indicated that the model is a useful tool for the prediction of surface water concentration
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