732 research outputs found
Pension reform, tax incentives and saving in Italy
No full texthe Economics of an Ageing Population studies the effects of demographic transition on the economies of industrialised countries. The authors demonstrate that an ageing population does not necessarily lead to a reduction in growth, providing that the working population are more productive and save a greater percentage of their income. They look in detail at the examples of Italy and Japan, two countries which have the fastest ageing populations in Europe and the world respectively
Mountain tips as reservoirs for new rock-fungal entities: Saxomyces gen. nov. and four new species from the Alps
No full textAs part of a worldwide sampling nineblack fungi were isolated from rocks collected
in four distinct sites of the Alps at high altitudes. Based on a nucSSU, nucLSU and mtSSU multilocus
phylogeny, seven of them were found to cluster into a distinct and well-supported clade in a
basal position within the Class Dothideomycetes. As in other rock fungi these new groups of
isolates were characterized by a meristematic growth and a scarcely differentiated morphology with
highly melanized and thick-walled toruloid hyphae. Nonetheless, few peculiar characters were also
observed as convoluted hyphal tips and the production of spherical propagules. The new genus and
speciesSaxomyces alpinus and S. penninicus, are here described based on morphological and
molecular data, in a yet to be defined order of the Dothideomycetes. The remaining two black fungi
clustered in Cryomyces, a genus previously exclusively found in rocks from the McMurdo Dry
Valleys in Antarctica. These two isolates were genetically distant from other Antarctic Cryomyces
Manuscript with revisions accepted
Click here to download Manuscript: Selbmann_ms_02 04 2013 reviosions accepted.docx
species based on ITS sequences, and they showed a peculiar morphology; they are here described as
the new species C. montanus and C. funiculosus. Implications of our results on the evolution,
adaptation and dispersal of rock-inhabiting fungi under extreme conditions are discussed.
Taxonomic novelties: Saxomyces Selbmann & Isola, Saxomyces alpinus Zucconi & Selbmann,
Saxomycespenninicus Zucconi & Onofri, Cryomyces funiculosus Selbmann & de Hoog, Cryomyces
montanus Isola & Zuccon
Ciclo economico e finanza pubblica
No full textAnalisi empirica delle influenze esercitate dall'attività economica sull'andamento del bilancio pubblico, con riferimento agli anni 2001-2003. L'analisi è svolta attraverso il concetto di prodotto potenziale sotto due diverse definizioni. Da tale concetto si ricava una valutazione del saldo di bilancio strutturale al netto e al lordo di misure che esercitano effetti solo temporanei sulle voci di bilancio
Funghi
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Contributo specifico in volume: Capitoli di libro
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* Autore/i
(indicare il nome con l'iniziale puntata, es. M. Rossi, Rossi M.)
Per le opere con più autori utilizzare come separatori la virgola (,) oppure il punto e virgola (;). Non usare "e" "and" o altre congiunzioni. S. Onofri, A. Bernicchia, V. Filippello Marchisio, C. Perini, G. Venturella, L. Zucconi, C. Ripa.
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* Anno 2004 2005 2006 in corso di stampa
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Changes in physico-chemical and biochemical parameters of soil following addition of wood ash: A field experiment
No full textHere we have investigated the effects of the addition of two different wood ash sizes at two different doses (5 and 20 t/ha) on the physicochemical, microbiological and biochemical properties in the surface soil (0–30 cm) of an Italian agricultural system. Over 24 months, the pH, electrical conductivity, soil microbial biomass-C and -N, and total hydrolytic activity were periodically tested, together with alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase and o-diphenoloxidase activities. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to consider the effects of sampling time and wood
ash addition on the parameters tested and to reveal possible interactions between the two variables. For electrical conductivity, pH, soil microbial biomass-C and total hydrolytic activity the ANOVA showed a significant ‘wood ash type× sampling time’ interaction, while no interaction was found for the other enzymatic activities. Significant increases in pH and in electrical conductivity were seen over the first months in all of the treated samples, which were more pronounced at the higher dose. Decreases in microbial biomass-C and changes in the microbial C/N ratios were
seen for all of the treatments, which were more pronounced at the higher dose. Increases in soil microbial activity were seen over the first 8 months. The alkaline phosphatase and arylsulphatase activities were significantly inhibited for the first 4 months of soil treatment. The significant increases seen in o-diphenoloxidase activity over the first 8 months under all of the treatments appear to be related to the increases in electrical conductivity. After 12 months, the levels of all of the parameters tested in the treated soils returned to the levels of the untreated soils indicating that the disposal of up to 20 t/ha of wood ash per year in Italian agricultural soil does not result in long-term changes in any of these parameters
Antarctica as a reservoir of planetary analogue environments
No full textOne of the main objectives of astrobiological research is the investigation of the habitability of other planetary bodies. Since space exploration missions are expensive and require long-term organization, the preliminary study of terrestrial environments is an essential step to prepare and support exploration missions. The Earth hosts a multitude of extreme environments whose characteristics resemble celestial bodies in our Solar System. In these environments, the physico-chemical properties partly match extraterrestrial environments and could clarify limits and adaptation mechanisms of life, the mineralogical or geochemical context, and support and interpret data sent back from planetary bodies. One of the best terrestrial analogues is Antarctica, whose conditions lie on the edge of habitability. It is characterized by a cold and dry climate (Onofri et al., Nova Hedwigia 68:175–182, 1999), low water availability, strong katabatic winds, salt concentration, desiccation, and high radiation. Thanks to the harsh conditions like those in other celestial bodies, Antarctica offers good terrestrial analogues for celestial body (Mars or icy moons; Léveillé, CR Palevol 8:637–648, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crpv.2009.03.005, 2009). The continent could be distinguished into several habitats, each with characteristics similar to those existing on other bodies. Here, we reported a description of each simulated parameter within the habitats, in relation to each of the simulated extraterrestrial environments
Crescita e politiche di bilancio tra obiettivi nazionali e Patto di Stabilità
No full textAnalisi delle politiche economiche nell'Unione monetaria europea e della misura in cui la convergenza tra le prestazioni macroeconomiche dei singoli paesi partecipanti si è manifestata. Il ruolo del Patto di Stabilità e Crescita e di come è stato modificato
BIOASSAY97: a new EXCEL VBA macro to perform statistical analyses onherbicide dose-response data
No full textThis paper presents BIOASSAY97, a new EXCEL® macro add-in to perform non-linear regression analysis on bioassay data. This macro has been specifically developed to comply with all the peculiarities of herbicide bioassays, even though it can be used with any kind of bioassays, especially by users with limited knowledge in statistics and computer programming. Starting from experimental data, BIOASSAY97 estimates all the most important ED-levels, such as the ED10, ED50, ED90 and any other user specified ED-levels, which are very important as decision tools in defining rational Integrated Weed Management Systems. In particular, those indicators can be used as a basis to adjust herbicide doses according to pedological, floristic and meteorological conditions. This latter aspect is particularly important as the climatic component is frequently neglected when selecting herbicide doses. Simultaneous fitting of several dose-response curves to the same dataset is also possible, in order to estimate the relative efficiency of either several herbicides or the same herbicide in different formulations or environmental conditions or weed flora situations. Three basic response models are built-in BIOASSAY97: a log-logistic symmetric model, a Gompertz model and a peaked logistic model; constraints on parameters can be introduced in several ways, according to user specified needs, to increase the flexibility of BIOASSAY97 and be able to analyse data from any type of bioassay experiments. The Box-Cox-transform-both-sides approach was built in, for the
cases where the assumption of variance homogeneity is violated. Estimates are always provided with standard errors and confidence intervals; graphical analysis of residuals and F test for lack of fit are also possible to evaluate the goodness of regression. BIOASSAY97 has been extensively tested and validated, it is freeware and can be easily downloaded from the
author web-site
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