1,720,986 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
“FRATTURA DI FEMORE BIFOCALE, BILATERALE E SIMMETRICA: CONSIDERAZIONI EZIOPATOGENETICHE E TERAPIA CON CHIODO ENDOMIDOLLARE BLOCCATO”
No full textDynamic behavior
No full textThis chapter deals with the experimental techniques commonly employed to characterize the dynamic behavior of rock materials. The dynamic testing machines are illustrated, focusing on the strain rate level achievable and the loading scheme. The main dynamic properties of common rock materials are discussed, with reference to the corresponding dynamic increase factors, which affect compression and tensile behavior
Transdermal delivery of diclofenac salts from saturated aqueous solutions
No full textDiclofenac is a relatively safe and tolerable NSAID, that has a potent anti-inflammatory effect, but it is poorly soluble and is almost always formulated as a salt. Serious gastrointestinal adverse effects occasionally appear after oral administration: owing to its adverse effects, its high portion of hepatic first-pass metabolism (∼50%) as well as its short biological half-life, the topical application of diclofenac provides, therefore, a preferred alternative to the oral dosage forms. Despite salts are reported not to penetrate well through skin and not to reach an effective concentration at the site of action after transdermal application, the diethylammoniun salt of diclofenac in a topical medication has been reported to be particularly suitable for musculoskeletal pain and localized forms of non-articular rheumatism and inflammations of well-defined areas near the body surface; moreover recently appeared on the pharmaceutical market a patch for transdermal administration of diclofenac in the form of a N-(2-hydroxyethyl) pyrrolidine salt, with satisfactory efficiency. For this reason, we wanted to explore the possibility to use alternative salts for transdermal application of diclofenac. The following bases: monoethylamine (EtA), diethylamine (diEtA), triethylamine (triEtA); monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), triethanolamine (TEA); pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine, piperazine and their N-2-hydroxyethyl analogues were employed to prepare diclofenac salts. The salts were re-crystallized from water in order to employ into the donor compartment the form stable in the presence of water: these compounds in fact are known to exist in different hydrate or polymorph forms. Vertical Franz-type diffusion cells with a diffusional surface area of 9.62 cm2 were used to study the permeability of diclofenac salts from their saturated solutions: membrane samples were excised from the internal pig ear, after suitable preparation. They were then placed between the donor and receptor compartments of the cells, containing 100 mL of phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), in the receptor compartment and a saturated solution (5 ml) of each salt in the donor compartment, at 37±0.5°C, using a thermostatic water bath. The aliquots were withdrawn at predetermined time intervals (for 25 h) and then immediately analyzed by HPLC. Three replicates of each experiment were performed. Fluxes were determined as usual plotting the permeated amount, normalised for the membrane surface area, against time. The plot shows an example of ex-vivo permeation of sodium naproxen from a 0.5% w/v aqueous solution. After a lag time (≈1 h) the naproxen concentration linearly increases in the receptor compartmen
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