1,720,969 research outputs found
Renewable energy from poultry industry using thermo–chemical process strategies for in-situ power generation
No full textThis work analyses comparatively the conversion of poultry litter waste into electric energy considering different thermochemical processes under partial or complete oxidation conditions. By comparing three thermochemical conversion chains in terms of poultry litter waste combustion, pyro-combustion and pyro-gasification, the study main results can be summed up: by varying the typical moisture content from 5 up to 25%, direct combustion of the poultry litter waste represents the best energy recovery solution with a maxim power output of 2.9 MW at 86 t/day feed-flow rate for the considered case. Regarding the pyrolysis by-products (gas, tar, and char) and their chain conversion under fully or reduced atmosphere we can conclude that moisture underlines the treatment choice. In other words, if moisture is higher than 17% poultry litter pyro-gasification is preferable and when is less or equal to 15% poultry litter pyro-combustion is the most suitable option
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
An innovative approch for grape marc treatment: biodrying before combustion
No full textThe aim of this paper is to present the results of a study on one of the possible uses of exhausted grape pomace/marc aimed to energy recovery. The chosen process was the bio-drying one, followed by combustion, for producing steam used to cogenerate ther-mal and electrical energy. Details regarding proximate and ultimate analysis of dry and wet grape marc, seed, skin and stalks are presented, and also some details regarding the mass and energy balances for the proposed approach are reported. Additionally some details regarding the anaerobic digestion as a suitable process for grape marc treatment are presented in this paper
Wine making industry wastes biodegradable properties characterization for biogas conversion
No full textGrape marc is a very common type of biomass across the world, available in large quantities, with high moisture content which makes it suitable for biological treatment rather than other thermal treatments for energy recovery.
The aim of this paper is to reveal the biodegradable characteristics of grape marc using two of the most applied parameters to determine the biomass stability through respirometric methods: chemical oxygen demand (COD) and dynamic respiration index (RI).
Different analyses were performed on the dried materials represented by white and red grape marc: proximate analysis, elemental analysis, high and low heating value determination. COD was determined for the two types of biomass with a standardized method using potassium dichromate.
The evolution of the respirometric index in time (RI, RI24) was determined using a dynamic respiration reactor developed at the University of Trento.
The results obtained provide important information on the degradation occurring through the aerobic process, correlated with necessary time for biomass stabilization. The maximum values obtained are 675 mgO2 kg-1VS h-1 after 5 days for white grape marc and 894 mgO2 kg-1VS h-1 after 3 days for red grape marc. These differences are explained by the different technologies of obtaining white and red wine.
The combination of anaerobic digestion followed by digestate composting could reveal important advantages from an energy point of view, by obtaining biogas after the first process and by limiting the energy consumption of the aeration necessary for the second process because of slow biodegradable properties of resulting digestate
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Thermal option for energy recovery from two organic substrates: grape and residual sunflower seeds
No full textThe aim of this paper is to find out the opportunities of spent grape marc and sunflower oil cake utilization in Romania as a potential source of renewable energy. Different scenarios such as centralized and decentralized power plants are analyzed, underlining the advantage and disadvantage of each solution. In particular this work focuses on electricity production and thermal energy recovery. These types of materials best suit the energy recovery solution, because of their high distribution on the Romanian territory, but also the elemental analysis revealed the composition of these wastes being similar to that of wood, which best fits the combustion process. On the basis of mass and energetic balance, the most appropriate solution will be chosen, but also considering the environmental issue
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