1,721,059 research outputs found
La nutrizione nel paziente nefropatico: cosa “bolle” in pentola?
No full textLa “terapia nutrizionale” rappresenta un aspetto di basilare importanza nell’ambito della cura del paziente con malattia renale cronica. Il controllo dell’apporto di sale, fosforo e proteine, insieme con modificazioni della qualità delle proteine e dei lipidi, sono essenziali nella gestione clinica della malattia renale cronica. Un adeguato apporto energetico mantiene un buono stato di nutrizione, in particolare quando si ricorre ad una severa restrizione proteica
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Measure of body composition by MOC DEXA, in children and teenagers with eating disorders
No full textIntroduction
Feeding has various characteristics and parameters including preferences of certain foods and eating habits, meal profile, regulation of the sense of hunger and satiety. In nutrition disorders (DCA) we find a constant alteration in the relationship between food and the individual with tendencies to hyper nutrition or as opposed to hypo nutrition. This can lead to the medium and long term compromising physical health and / or social psychic relationships. Therefore eating disorders are of primary importance in both the psychic and nutritional spheres and must be addressed in a multidisciplinary manner.
Aim
The aim of the study was to retrospectively examine a group of patients with DCA in order to analyze and characterize patients regarding their body composition, evaluated by MOC-DEXA, anthropometric parameters and hematochemical parameters
Materials and methods
The study included 28 patients (26 females and 2 males) of mean age of 13.6 years. These patients were characterized by the evaluation of clinical records and the collection of informed consent. The following parameters were analyzed for each patient:
date of birth, origin, age at diagnosis, anthropometric parameters (weight, height, BMI), amenorrhea, quantification of physical activity, dose of 25 (OH) vitamin D, moc total body, left femoral muscle moc, spine moc and therapeutic pathway.
Data was processed using excell programs and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 15.0 for windows.
Results
The sample examined shows that the starting age in about 50% of cases is between 13 and 14 years.
The average height of patients was 156.1 cm, weight 43.8 kg and BMI of 17.8 kg / m2. Physical activity averaged 4.64 hours / week.
Dosage of 25 (OH) vitamin D was 25.4 ng / ml, while the therapeutic route consisted in the integration of dietary-nutritional, psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatments.
MOC showed the following mean results: BMC (Bone Mineral Content): 1560.5 g (s.d. ± 340.4) Total mass: 41280.2 g (s.d. ± 10946.8) Lean Mass: 31073.5 g (s.d. ± 5465.8)
Fat Mass: 10056.2 g (s.d. = 4157.8) Fat mass%: 23.5 (s.d. ± 7.6).
A comparison was also made between the group of patients with amenorrhea (n ° 18) and the menstrual patient group (n ° 8). The statistical analysis provided the following results:
• Amenorrhea and weight: Amenorrhea patients had lower weight (p = 0.021)
In our study we found a cut-off of weight corresponding to 43 Kg below which patients had amenorrhea
• Amenorrhea and BMI: Amenorrhea patients have lower BMI values: 16.6 versus 19.6 (p = 0.034)
• Amenorrhea and fat mass: Amenorrhea patients had lower fat mass: 8.2 g versus 13.9 g (p = 0.008)
• Amenorrhea and fat%: patients with amenorrhea showed fat less than menstruating patients:
20.6% versus 30.8% (p = 0.004)
• Amenorrhea and total mass: patients with amenorrhea had lower total mass than menstruating patients: 37078.9 g versus 46826.2 (p = 0.023)
Discussion and Conclusions
The results of our study show that the severity of the disease correlates well with early onset: earlier is the age of onset , more severe is the impairment in weight and body composition resulting in a reduction in lean mass and of bone mineral density but not in Fat mass amount. Our study shows that there are no menstruating patients with a weight below 43 kg, regardless of age and height. The weight t of 43 kg seems to be a true indicator to discriminate if there is or not amenorrhea. Amenorrhea remains an unfavorable prognostic factor that correlates with the severity of the disease, in fact, patients with amenorrhea have impaired body composition worse than patients with menstruation, with reduced bone mineral density of total mass and lean mass.
A further study with more patients is therefore necessary to confirm the data which, however, already well correlates with the clinical status of the patients
Analysis of the concentration of gamma-emitting radioisotopes in marine fish samples
Full text linkMarine fish products (fish) represent an important source of nutrition for all mankind. In the food pyramid, fish products are located in the highest levels and therefore may absorb chemical pollutants and isotopes, thus transferring them to humans. The aim of the work was to verify the presence of gamma-emitting isotopes (131I, 137Cs, 210Pb) in a random sample consisting of 12 species of marine fish regularly caught in the oceans. The results demonstrate that there is no significant radioisotope pollution in the small sample analysed. However, the possible presence of isotopes in the marine environment should be monitored given that there are powerful nuclear weapons in the world and many ongoing conflict
Produzione e verifiche di qualità dei radiofarmaci estemporanei da materiale autologo
No full textLa medicina nucleare, disciplina basata su tecnologie avanzate e caratterizzata da una continua attività di ricerca, in cui convergono e operano figure con professionalità diverse, non può prescindere per le attività specifiche dal perseguimento di un sistema di assicurazione della qualità e dal suo mantenimento per corrispondere alle aspettative di appropriatezza, efficacia e sostenibilità, garantendo altresì agli operatori e ai pazienti condizioni di sicurezza sotto ogni profilo. La qualità e la sicurezza delle prestazioni sanitarie sono disciplinate da requisiti normativi sempre più stringenti; nel contempo i criteri di efficacia e sostenibilità sono oggetto di linee guida cliniche in continuo aggiornamento. Va quindi progressivamente riducendosi la discrezionalità degli operatori, la cui perizia e il cui senso etico e di responsabilità – imprescindibili in ambito sanitario – sono oggi considerati insufficienti per garantire la sicurezza e la qualità del servizio prestato, se non supportati dalla piena aderenza a ben definite procedure dettate dai requisiti normativi di riferimento. La finalità delle normative in ambito sanitario è quindi duplice: in primo luogo prescrivere e far rispettare procedure che garantiscano la sicurezza e la qualità delle prestazioni; in secondo luogo, costituire la base di partenza per un progressivo miglioramento dei processi di diagnosi e cura.
Questo volume compendia gli aspetti tecnici e regolatori relativi alla produzione dei radiofarmaci, alla gestione delle tecnologie e al controllo dei processi ai fini del mantenimento di elevati standard di qualità e sicurezza; tali requisiti sono indispensabili per l'appropriato utilizzo dei radiofarmaci sia nella pratica clinica sia nella sperimentazione. L'opera rappresenta un valido strumento nell’ambito di un programma di formazione e sostegno disciplinare e costituisce un indispensabile e aggiornato supporto non solo per coloro che già operano nella medicina nucleare, ma anche per il personale in formazione che vi opererà
The IGF-I/IGFBP-3 system in gingival crevicular fluid and dependence on application of fixed force
No full textBACKGROUND:
During application of orthodontic force on the tooth, various molecular parameters associated with tissue remodeling are changed. IGF-I is a regulatory protein produced during periodontal regeneration. IGF binding proteins-3 (IGFBP-3), a specific IGF-I binding protein, is the major regulatory factor of IGF-I activity.
OBJECTIVES:
We tested the hypothesis that changes in the IGF-I/ IGFBP-3 system occur during fixed force application to the tooth and that these changes are detectable in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).
METHODS:
IGFBP-3 and IGF-I secretion into gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was analyzed by Western blotting and immunoradiometric assay (IRMA), respectively, in GCF of 6 healthy subjects just prior to and during orthodontics treatment using fixed appliances.
RESULTS:
We observed a significant time-dependent decrease of IGFBP-3 content in GCF during orthodontic treatment (4 h and 10 days). Reduction in levels of intact, glycosylated 47 kDa form of IGFBP-3 was associated with its degradation and the appearance of intermediate breakdown products. IGF-I levels were significantly increased 4 h after application of orthodontic force, while they were significantly reduced 10 days after the start of treatment.
CONCLUSIONS:
IGFBP-3 secretion into GCF and its molecular structure are modified by the fixed force of orthodontic treatment. Alterations in IGFBP-3 appear to be unrelated to the binding to IGF-I, suggesting an IGF-independent role of this binding protein in tooth movement
Aspetti nutrizionali dei pasti di una mensa per i poveri : l'esperienza dell'Opera di San Francesco di Milano, Italy
No full textObjectives: We report the experience of San Francesco Opera soup kitchen in Milan. We analyzed: 1) user nationality; 2) nutritional composition of 869,516 meals served in 2014 (average 2,800 meals per day), with the aim of highlighting any nutritional deficiencies. Setting: Milan, Italy. Design: We report a quantitative analysis of macro and micronutrients of all the meals dished (database: Souci “Comparative Tables of Food”), comparing them with the reference values for the Italian population (LARN 2012). Sample: About 2,800 meals a day for 6 days a week from Monday to Saturday served in a year (2014). Menus are of two types: winter menu (7 months, from 01/01 to 04/30 and from 01/10 to 31/12) and summer menu (5 months, from 1/5 to 30/09). Results: 2039 Kcal have been dished out from winter menu (15% protein, 29% fat, 56% carbohydrate) vs 2146 kcal from summer menu (15% protein, 28% fat, 57% carbohydrate). Conclusions: Macronutrients and micronutrients are well represented both in summer and in winter menu. We report a lack of calcium, vitamin D and zinc due to the scarcity of foods such as milk and dairy products that must be integrated. Salt appears to be higher than recommended
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