103 research outputs found
Hydrodinamic of West Low Friuli Plain Deep Aquifers: a Management Tool for Strategical Groundwater Resources
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Deciphering the Interaction between Coniella granati and Pomegranate Fruit Employing Transcriptomics
No full textPomegranate fruit dry rot is caused by Coniella granati, also referred as Pilidiella granati. In order to decipher the induced responses of mature pomegranates inoculated with the pathogen, an RNA-seq analysis was employed. A high number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed through a three-time series inoculation period. The transcriptional reprogramming was time-dependent, whereas the majority of DEGs were suppressed and the expression patterns of specific genes may facilitate the pathogen colonization at 1 day after inoculation (dai). In contrast, at 2 dai and mainly thereafter at 3 dai, defense responses were partially triggered in delay. Particularly, DEGs were mainly upregulated at the latest time point. Among them, specific DEGs involved in cell wall modification and degradation processes, pathogen recognition and signaling transduction cascades, activation of specific defense and metabolite biosynthesis-related genes, as well in induction of particular families of transcriptional factors, may constitute crucial components of a defense recruiting strategy employed by pomegranate fruit upon C. granati challenge. Overall, our findings provide novel insights to the compatible interaction of pomegranates—C. granati and lay the foundations for establishing integrated pest management (IPM) strategies involving advanced approaches, such as gene editing or molecular breeding programs for disease resistance, according to European Union (EU) goals
7. Collana in oro e granati
No full textPresentazione di una collana in oro e granati di epoca romana, rinvenuta nel corso dello scavo dell’Ospedale Civile di Adria, dove è stato individuato un settore della città romana in diacronica evoluzione tra il II sec. a.C. e il II sec. d.C
RNA-Seq and microscopy analysis of the fungus Coniella granati, an emerging pomegranate pathogen
No full textreservedConiella granati è un fungo patogeno del melograno in grado di colonizzare i tessuti legnosi
provocando sintomi quali necrosi, disseccamento dei rami e deperimento progressivo della
pianta. Può inoltre causare marciumi nei frutti, provocando perdite post-raccolta.
Per identificare geni differenzialmente espressi (DEGs) durante il processo infettivo, è stata
condotta un'analisi RNA-Seq. Nello specifico è stato confrontato il trascrittoma del fungo
cresciuto su frammenti di legno di melograno con quello cresciuto su terreno Potato
Dextrose Agar (PDA), a 24 e 48 ore dall'inoculo. I dati ottenuti sono stati filtrati e analizzati
mediante strumenti bioinformatici come eggNOG-mapper, HTSeq e BLAST, che hanno
permesso l’identificazione di 11 categorie funzionali contenenti i DEGs che vengono up-
regolati o down-regolati dal fungo durante la colonizzazione del legno. Le categorie funzionali
più rappresentate sono state “detossificazione e protezione dallo stress”, “trasportatori” e
“metabolismo e β-ossidazione di lipidi, esteri e acidi grassi”. Particolare attenzione è stata
rivolta alle categorie funzionali contenenti geni potenzialmente implicati nella patogenesi,
come i Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes (CWDEs) e altri coinvolti nell’interazione con la pianta
ospite. Tra i DEGs individuati, meriterebbe un approfondimento una polichetide sintasi
risultata up-regolata a 48 ore post-inoculazione, appartenente a un cluster di biosintesi di
metaboliti secondari e associata, in particolare, alla sintesi della melanina. Un’ulteriore
analisi mediante i software bioinformatici SignalP ed EffectorP ha permesso di verificare
l’eventuale presenza di un peptide segnale di secrezione e di individuare potenziali effettori
apoplastici o citoplasmatici.
Infine, è stata effettuata un’analisi di microscopia ottica di fusticini di melograno inoculati
con C. granati per visualizzare la presenza di ife durante la colonizzazione dei tessuti legnosi
e individuare potenziali strutture associate alla risposta difensiva da parte della pianta
First report of Coniella granati (syn. Pilidiella granati) causing postharvest fruit rot on pomegranate in Albania
No full textPomegranate (Punica granatum L., Lythraceae, Myrtales) is widely distributed in various natural vegetation types of Albania, and the country might even be one of the centres of its domestication (Xhuveli 2012). In recent years, commercial pomegranate production in Albania has increased substantially, now accounting for approximately 25% of the country’s subtropical fruit production sector (Institute of Statistics Albania 2024). In a survey on post-harvest diseases, fruits with crown rot symptoms leading to total fruit decay were examined. Symptomatic fruits of the cultivars Acco and Wonderful were collected from warehouses in the Fier region (40°52'18.6"N 19°26'51.0"E) in November 2022 (Fig. 1A, B). After surface disinfection, small pieces of fruit lesions (ca. 3 × 3 mm) were excised with a sterile scalpel. Samples were plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) in 90 mm Petri dishes and incubated at 24°C for 3–5 days. Emerging mycelia were then transferred to oatmeal agar (OA) or PDA plates, where they formed fast-growing cultures, reaching 60 mm diameter after 10 days, and covered the entire plate after 14 days. Colonies on PDA were olivaceous and yellow with irregular concentric rings and black conidiomata. On OA, colonies displayed minute black conidiomata centrally, sparse white aerial mycelia towards the edge, arranged in concentric rings (Fig. 1C, D). On OA, conidiomata superficial; conidiophores measured 12.5 μm ± 1.3 in length, 2.3 μm ± 0.3 wide at the base (n = 15); conidia hyaline, ellipsoid to fusiform, 12.3 μm ± 0.7 long and 3.5 μm ± 0.3 wide (n=50) (Fig. 1E–G). The morphological characteristics were consistent with Coniella granati (Sacc.) Petr. & Syd. (Alvarez et al. 2016). For molecular characterization, DNA was extracted from pure cultures, and ITS, partial LSU rDNA, and partial tef1α loci were amplified using the primers ITS1F/ITS4, LR0R/LR5, EF1-728F/EF1-986R, respectively, and sequenced. Sequences were assembled and edited in Sequencher v5.4.6, deposited in GenBank (ITS: PP968905–10, LSU: PX205251–55, tef-α: PX275353–57), and queried against the NCBI nucleotide collection. The obtained sequences of the five isolates were identical for ITS and LSU, and highly similar (differing by up to three base pairs) for the tef1 gene loci. BLAST query using the sequences obtained from isolate 6 revealed up to 100% homology with ITS, LSU, and tef1-α from C. granati, e.g. CBS 814.71 in GenBank (MH860368, AF408380, KX833682, respecively). A phylogenetic tree was reconstructed using a comprehensive sampling of Coniella spp. and Bayesian inference as implemented in MrBayes 3.2. All five analyzed isolates clustered within the C. granati group (Fig. 2) and together with the BLAST results and morphological characterization confirmed the fungus to be C. granati. Koch’s postulates were fulfilled by using all five isolates by inoculating 0.5 ml conidial suspension (106/ml) collected from a 14-day-old culture of C. granati into two healthy fruits each using a sterile syringe. Controls were inoculated with sterile water. All fruits were incubated at 23°C. The inoculated C. granati conidia induced soft rot within 9 d, and a complete fruit rot after 17 d. Control fruits displayed no disease symptoms (Fig. 1H-K). The pathogen was re-isolated from symptomatic fruits and confirmed as C. granati using morphological and molecular identification. To our knowledge, this study represents the first scientific confirmation of C. granati as a causal agent of fruit rot in pomegranate in Albania
Utilizzazione della cartografia numerica regionale per lo studio dei pozzi della Bassa Pianura Friulana
No full textCharacterisation of the Artesian Aquifers in the Friuli Plain (NE Italy) by Means of Low-Quality Hydrological Data
No full textCaratteristiche idrochimiche generali delle falde profonde della Pianura Friulana
No full textIn order to improve the knowledge on the deep groundwater
resources of the diffusely exploited multilayered aquifer system of
the Low Friuli Plain (BPF) (Northern Italy), water samples coming
from 37 wells, 17 springs and 4 rivers have been collected
and analysed in 2007. The main anions and cations’ concentrations
(with a particular interest in sulphate and strontium contents,
natural tracers of Tagliamento River’s waters), the geochemical
facies and the correlations between the main elements have been
determined. The preliminary results showed congruence with the
general chemical patterns coming from the scientifi c literature and
evidenced remarkable local chemical differences (related both to
the geographycal distribution of the measurement sites and to the
fi lters’ depth) due to localized geothermal anomalies, to different
distances from the coastline and presumably to circulations partly
developing in pre-quaternary deposits
Distribution of coarse-grained sediments in the Friuli alluvial plain (Northern Italy) from surface till the depth of 50 meters
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