1,720,968 research outputs found
Exhumation of a Variscan orogenic complex: insights into the composite granulitic-amphibolitic metamorphic basement of south-east Corsica (France)
No full textA structural, petrological and geochronological (U-Th-Pb of zircon and monazite) study reveals that the lower crust sequences of the Variscan high-grade basement cropping out between Solenzara and Porto Vecchio, south-east Corsica (France) have been tectonically juxtaposed along with middle crustal rocks during the extrusion of the orogenic root of the Variscan chain. We propose that a system of high-temperature, orogen-parallel shear zones that developed under a transpressive dextral tectonic regime caused the exhumation of the entire sequence. This tectonic complex is thus made up of rocks having undergone different P-T conditions (eclogite-?, high-pressure granulite facies and amphibolite facies) at different times, reflecting the progressive foreland migration of the orogenic front. The Solenzara granulites were derived from burial of continental crust to high-pressure (1.8-1.4 GPa) and high- to ultrahigh-temperature conditions (900-1000 °C) during the Variscan convergence: U-Pb ELA-ICPMS zircon dating constrained the timing of this metamorphism at c. 360 Ma. The gneisses cropping out at Porto Vecchio are middle crustal-level rocks that reached their peak temperature conditions (700-750 °C at <1.0 GPa) at c. 340 Ma. The diachronism of the metamorphic events, the foliation patterns and their geometry suggest that the granulites were exhumed to middle crustal levels through channel flow tectonics under continuous compression. The amphibolite facies gneisses of Porto Vecchio and the granulites of Solenzara were accreted through the development of a major dextral mylonitic zone forming under amphibolite facies conditions: in situ monazite isotope dating (ELA-ICPMS) revealed that this deformation occurred at c. 320 Ma and was accompanied by the emplacement of syntectonic high-K melts. A final HTLP static overprint, constrained at 312-308 Ma by monazite U-Th-Pb isotope dating, is related to the emplacement of the igneous products of the Sardinia-Corsica batholith and marks the transition from the Variscan orogenic event to the Permian extension
On the onset and evolution of the Ross-orogeny magmatism in North Victoria Land - Antarctica
No full textAn extensive geochemical (major-, trace-element and oxygen isotope) and geochronological (U/Pb geochronology on zircon) characterisation of Ol-bearing ultramafic-mafic cumulates and gabbro-diorites recently discovered in the southwestern region of the Wilson Terrane (North Victoria Land - Antarctica) was undertaken in order to constrain source characteristics, magma evolution and emplacement history in this sector of the Cambro-Ordovician Ross Orogeny. Textural and chemical data indicate disequilibria among mineral phases of these Ol-bearing cumulate rocks. Corroded Cr-rich clinopyroxene with high Mg# (0.82) and Ca-rich plagioclase likely represent xenocrysts from an old magmatic system, and are not in equilibrium with the host cumulate assemblage (Ol + Opx + Amp + Bt + Pl). The calculated liquid in equilibrium with the xenocrysts ("melt 1") exhibits exceptionally high La/Yb ratios and Th-U concentrations, suggesting a strong sediment influx in the mantle source, possibly from the subducted slab. Because of the extensive fractional crystallisation (Fo70; Mg# = 76) and crustal contamination (e.g., δ18OOpx = 7.13-7.47‰) the trace element composition of the liquid in equilibrium with the cumulate assemblage ("melt 2") does not reveal the nature of the mantle source not the differentiation processes. The gabbroic parental liquid for the main cumulate assemblage was not produced by assimilation and fractional crystallisation (AFC) of the equilibrium "melt 1" calculated from the xenocrystic paragenesis. Rather, it likely represents a new pulse of magma originated from a different mantle source, which then evolved through AFC into gabbro-diorites. Zircon U-Pb dating of one gabbro-diorite yields a crystallisation age of 489 ± 4 Ma. Zircon in the Ol-bearing cumulates yielded two ages populations at 521 ± 2 Ma and 502 ± 3 Ma, which we interpret to represent the actual age difference between the two magmatic systems. This age difference suggests that poorly differentiated melts with adakite-type signature intruded the crust prior to the generation of the large volumes of gabbroic and dioritic magmas. These early pulses represent up to now the oldest proof of subduction related mantle melts in North Victoria Land and predate the diffuse igneous activity dominated by intermediate- to felsic products
Crystal chemistry of Al-rich biotites coexisting with muscovites in peraluminous granites
No full textA comparison was made between single-crystal structure refinements, electron microprobe analy ses and octahedral site populations of seven biotite crystals and data obtained previously for coexisting muscovite in peraluminous granites using the same methods. Both micas, From several plutons of Northern Victoria Land (Antarctica) and Sardinia (Italy), show significant octahedral substitutions: biotite has a composition characterized by relatively high Al-[6] content (0.32 less than or equal to Al-[6] less than or equal to 0.59 apfu), whereas muscovite is characterized by phengite-like substitutions [0.12 less than or equal to ([6])(Mg + Fe + Ti + Mn) less than or equal to 0.35]. Mean bond-lengths and electron count data for six biotites-1M (space group C2/m. agreement factor 2.7% less than or equal to R-obs less than or equal to 3.6%) and a biotite-2M(1) (space group C2/c, R-obs = 2.8%) show that Al substitutes for divalent cations in the octahedral M2 site and that the Fe and Mg distribution is disordered. The mean tetrahedral bond lengths determined for biotite-2M(1) reflect Al-Si disorder. In coexisting muscovite-2M(1) crystals, small positive electron density residuals close to M1 site position as well as the increase in M2 mean atomic number is in agreement with the presence of a significant phengitic component. Reduction in biotite unit-cell dimensions with the increase of Al follows a pattern similar to that of associated muscovites. and the octahedral site volumes of both micas are influenced by the Al saturation index (ASI) of the rock. These results, and the calculated partition coefficients between biotite and muscovite for elements in M sites, are consistent with continuous reaction and re-equilibration of biotite and muscovite during crystallization of peraluminous granitic melts
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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