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"Ricordo di Alessandro Padoa (1868-1937)"
No full textMarco Borga, Giuseppina Fenaroli, Antonio C. Garibaldi
IN MEMORY OF ALESSANDRO PADOA
Abstract
Alessandro Padoa was born on October 14, 1868, in Venice and died on
October 25, 1937, in Genoa. He was a mathematician of the so-called
Peano’s school and is well-known to logicians mainly for his investigations
on the independence, understood as mutual undefinability, of primitive
concepts of an axiomatic theory. In this framework he formulated in 1900
(at the International Congress of Philosophy in Paris) a technique, to be
later known as “Padoa’s method”, to prove the independence of primitive
concepts. In spite of his involvement in the world of research, the main job
of Padoa was teaching mathematics in the secondary schools (and this is also
the case for many other members of Peano’s school). In 1932, however, he
got the university teaching degree (“libera docenza”) in mathematical logic
and in the following years he delivered courses of mathematical logic at the
University of Genoa.
This paper aims to sketch a short biography of Padoa and to give a list of
his publications (more than hundred items, mainly devoted to mathematical
logic or to elementary mathematics). In a more general sense the paper deals
with some historical data on mathematical logic in Italy in that period and
could contribute to a deeper understanding of the role played by Peano’s
school and of the reasons of its decline
"Un inedito di Alessandro Padoa"
No full textSome years ago the authors of the present paper found in the Fondo Padoa lying in the Mathematical Library of Genoa University a manuscript of 11 pages by Alessandro Padoa with the title A proposito di un nuovo sistema fondamentale della geometria elementare. It seems to be ready for publication
and contains also typographical instruction for printing. Other investigations on Padoa and his rôle in Peano’s school led in a series of recent papers to a probably complete list of Padoa’s publications where, however, the above mentioned manuscript is not present and, therefore, is likely to be
considered an unpublished paper. It’s a matter of fact that the whole of Padoa’s scientific production has to be integrated by some works that he didn’t publish. The unpublished paper under examination deals with the axiomatization of elementary geometry given by Mario Pieri in 1899 in
“Della geometria elementare come sistema ipotetico deduttivo. Monografia del punto e del moto”, where, as it is well-known, elementary geometry is based on the primitive notions of point and movement and on 20 postulates.
Padoa agrees with Pieri’s proposal to define segment starting from point and movement; he suggests, however, some modification to the original set of postulates and gives a (partial) proof of their independence. The unpublished paper reveals the interest of Padoa in this subject-matter and,
in some sense, his idea of participating in the already consolidated field of research represented by Pieri’s results
"Alessandro Padoa: logica e dintorni"
No full textAlessandro Padoa è noto agli studiosi di logica e fondamenti soprattutto per le sue ricerche sulla definibilità dei concetti primitivi di una teoria assiomatica e in particolare per l’ideazione di quella tecnica, che sarà in seguito ricordata come il “metodo di Padoa”, per provarne l’indipendenza intesa come mutua indefinibilità. Il problema era allora di particolare interesse – siamo nell’ultimo scorcio dell’Ottocento – perché sul piano teorico, ad opera principalmente della scuola di Peano, erano in corso molte ricerche volte a individuare sistemi d’assiomi per le principali teorie matematiche, mentre sul versante metateorico queste erano accompagnate dall’analisi del problema dell’indipendenza (degli assiomi) e, in una fase successiva, dal più complesso (ma per Peano meno interessante) problema della non contraddittorietà. Di Padoa sono altresì noti vari contributi alla parte logica del Formulario di Peano, qualche azzardata osservazione in merito al “secondo problema” di Hilbert e il capitolo dedicato alla logica nella Enciclopedia delle Matematiche Elementari del 1930, che pur ispirandosi ad un importante lavoro dello stesso Padoa del 1912, testimoniava la sua tensione costante verso la problematica logico-matematica.
Meno note possono ritenersi le vicende legate alla carriera di Padoa, che di fatto si svolse quasi per intero nel mondo della scuola secondaria superiore, ove fu un insegnante stimato e si occupò con passione e competenza di vari aspetti della sua professione (riflessioni sulle matematiche elementari, programmi e orari, collocazione della matematica nel curriculum, formazione degli insegnanti). Spesso citata è la sua celebre “esortazione” (un po’ retorica ma per molti versi condivisibile) allo studio della matematica, rivolta anche a “chi si accinge a divenire avvocato o economista, filosofo o letterato”. Solo nel 1932, alle soglie dei 64 anni, ottenne la libera docenza in logica matematica che gli permise di dedicarsi all’insegnamento di tale disciplina nell’ateneo genovese.
A questi aspetti meno noti della carriera di Padoa, inseriti nel contesto culturale nel periodo, sarà dedicato il presente contributo, che rappresenta un completamento e un approfondimento di alcuni temi trattati in un recente lavoro degli stessi autori, quest’ultimo basato su quanto da essi presentato in occasione di una giornata di studio svoltasi lo scorso anno a Genova, città ove Padoa ha vissuto e insegnato per molti anni, a celebrazione della ricorrenza dei settanta anni dalla morte, avvenuta a Genova il 25 ottobre 1937. A tale lavoro rinviamo per le notizie biografiche, l’elenco delle pubblicazioni di Padoa, il ritratto del medesimo apparso sull’Annuario dell’Università di Genova per l’a.a. 1937-38 e diversi necrologi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
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Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
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koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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