173 research outputs found
Nouveau Saint-Germain. 1/10 000 / C. Fourel, del. 1887
No full textÉchelle(s) : 1:10 000Appartient à l’ensemble documentaire : IledeFr
Acteurs, usagers et évaluation des dispositifs de prévention précoce: l’exemple des programmes EPPE et Sure Start au Royaume-Uni
No full textActeurs, usagers et évaluation des dispositifs de prevention précoce: L’example des programmes EPPE et Sure Start au Royaume-Uni
No full textJusqu’en 1997, la philosophie politique dominante au Royaume-Uni voulait que jusqu’à leur entrée à l’école, les enfants relèvent de la responsabilité des familles et non de celle des pouvoirs publics, en dehors de circonstances particulières. À partir de 1997, cette politique a subi une inflexion profonde avec l’intervention de l’État dans la petite enfance. Si, comme le démontrent certaines études, les choses sont à moitié jouées avant même l’entrée de l’enfant à l’école, alors il faut réfléchir à ce qui se produit durant les premières années de la vie de cet enfant. Selon James Heckman, les schémas mentaux ou comportementaux les plus importants sont très difficiles à modifier une fois que l’enfant entre à l’école1
The case study of Case Bastione: First analyses of 3rd millennium cal BC paleoenvironmental and subsistence systems in central Sicily
No full textArchaeological investigations carried out at Case Bastione (Enna, central Sicily) provide a key insight into the cultural and environmental changes that occurred during the transition from the Copper Age to the Bronze Age. Preliminary data of an ongoing paleoenvironmental reconstruction through archaeobotanical analyses are here presented. The selective exploitation of vegetation, the adaptation of lifestyle to local resources, and changing climatic conditions are analysed using different on-site and off-site environmental and archaeological proxies. The environment around the site was constituted by mixed oak woodland. Dietary preferences were reconstructed through the analysis of carpo-remains. Isotopic values provide new data on the 4.2 ka BP event and its effects on vegetation in central Sicily. In a whole, first results from Case Bastione give new light to human choices of vegetal resources exploitation. Comparison of the local results with the regional pollen data support the hypothesis that the growth in population and settlement in the inland part of the island since the Late Copper Age may reflect changing climatic conditions in coastal areas
Capitalismo cognitivo e reddito sociale garantito come reddito primario
No full textRepublication dans cet ouvrage collectif italien de l'article : Vercellone C. (2013), Capitalisme cognitif et revenu social garanti comme revenu primaire, en Caillé A., Fourel C., (dir.), Penser la sortie du capitalisme. Le scénario Gorz, Le Bord de l'eau, Lormont, pp. 137-148
Le Bitcoin, une tragédie du marché
No full textIn : "D’autres monnaies pour une nouvelle prospérité : rapport remis à Carole Delga, Secrétaire d’État chargée du commerce, de l’artisanat, de la consommation et de l’économie sociale et solidaire le 8 avril 2015", Magnen J.-P., Fourel, C. eds
Le Bitcoin, une tragédie du marché
No full textIn : "D’autres monnaies pour une nouvelle prospérité : rapport remis à Carole Delga, Secrétaire d’État chargée du commerce, de l’artisanat, de la consommation et de l’économie sociale et solidaire le 8 avril 2015", Magnen J.-P., Fourel, C. eds
Exposure of unweaned calves to the toxic compound of giant fennel
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Vitamin K are essential molecules involved in the post-transcriptional activation of some proteins called protein vitamin K dependent (PVKD). The best know PVKD are the four involved in the coagulation cascade: factor II, VII, IX and X. In mammals, vitamin K has two origins: foods and a recycling system lead by an enzyme called Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1). Some natural molecules are able to inhibit VKOR, which may involve coagulopathy by lack of PVKD. The most famous natural inhibitor is dicoumarol which is responsible for the “sweet clover disease”. Dicoumarol is produced by fermentation from coumarin contained in clover hay. More recently, ferulenol produced by giant fennel (Ferula communis) has been described as a VKORC1 inhibitor [1]. Giant fennel is a common Apiaceae of the Mediterranean Basin. Many cases of intoxication by giant fennel has been reported. Nevertheless, few information are present on the excretion in milk of ferulenol and dicoumarol. Animals and material and methods: Thirty-six suckler-bovines, coming from Corsica in an area with giant fennel, were blood sampled. Precisely, there were 27 adults, 5 unweaned calves (1-3 weeks) and 4 weaned calves (3-6 months). Samples were analysed with LC-MS-MS according to the method developed by Fourrel et al. [2].Results and discussion: Results are presented in figure 1. In adult bovine only one sample is negative to the ferulenol analysis that confirms the exposure of bovine to giant fennel and its anticoagulant compound. The majority of blood samples (25/27) are positive to dicoumarol. This element raises the question on the quality of conservation of hay which is given. The most interesting results concern the unweaned calves. They are almost all positive to ferulenol (4/5) and negative to dicoumarol (5/5). As they do not begin to graze the only source of exposure to ferulenol is the milk. Weaned calves are positive to ferulenol (4/4) and to dicoumarol (3/4). This study seems to show that ferulenol is excreted in milk. The difference between both molecules might be explained by their pharmacokinetic properties or by different transporter[3]. More studies are necessary to characterise ferulenol pharmacokinetics. This new element raises many questions on the consequences of these excretion. Currently, no intoxication has been reported in unweaned calves which is consistent with the weak level of ferulenol in their blood (median: 1.1 ng/mL). Further investigations are necessary to assess the possible importance of this exposure on animals and the impact of the excretion on the milk destined to human use. Conclusion: Cows exposed to ferulenol after eating giant fennel can excrete ferulenol in milk which can conduct to an exposure of unweaned calves.References: 1. Louvet M-S, Gault G, Lefebvre S, Popowycz F, Boulven M, Besse S, et al. Comparative inhibitory effect of prenylated coumarins, ferulenol and ferprenin, contained in the ‘poisonous chemotype’ of Ferula communis on mammal liver microsomal VKORC1 activity. Phytochemistry. oct 2015;118:124‑30. 2. Fourel I, Hugnet C, Goy-Thollot I, Berny P. Validation of a new liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry ion-trap technique for the simultaneous determination of thirteen anticoagulant rodenticides, drugs, or natural products. J Anal Toxicol. mars 2010;34(2):95‑102. 3. Espana B, Couturier S, Prouillac C. Role of ABC transporters in trans-epithelial transport of vitamin K antagonists. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1 janv 2017;38(1):20‑32
Exposure of unweaned calves to the toxic compound of giant fennel
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Vitamin K are essential molecules involved in the post-transcriptional activation of some proteins called protein vitamin K dependent (PVKD). The best know PVKD are the four involved in the coagulation cascade: factor II, VII, IX and X. In mammals, vitamin K has two origins: foods and a recycling system lead by an enzyme called Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1). Some natural molecules are able to inhibit VKOR, which may involve coagulopathy by lack of PVKD. The most famous natural inhibitor is dicoumarol which is responsible for the “sweet clover disease”. Dicoumarol is produced by fermentation from coumarin contained in clover hay. More recently, ferulenol produced by giant fennel (Ferula communis) has been described as a VKORC1 inhibitor [1]. Giant fennel is a common Apiaceae of the Mediterranean Basin. Many cases of intoxication by giant fennel has been reported. Nevertheless, few information are present on the excretion in milk of ferulenol and dicoumarol. Animals and material and methods: Thirty-six suckler-bovines, coming from Corsica in an area with giant fennel, were blood sampled. Precisely, there were 27 adults, 5 unweaned calves (1-3 weeks) and 4 weaned calves (3-6 months). Samples were analysed with LC-MS-MS according to the method developed by Fourrel et al. [2].Results and discussion: Results are presented in figure 1. In adult bovine only one sample is negative to the ferulenol analysis that confirms the exposure of bovine to giant fennel and its anticoagulant compound. The majority of blood samples (25/27) are positive to dicoumarol. This element raises the question on the quality of conservation of hay which is given. The most interesting results concern the unweaned calves. They are almost all positive to ferulenol (4/5) and negative to dicoumarol (5/5). As they do not begin to graze the only source of exposure to ferulenol is the milk. Weaned calves are positive to ferulenol (4/4) and to dicoumarol (3/4). This study seems to show that ferulenol is excreted in milk. The difference between both molecules might be explained by their pharmacokinetic properties or by different transporter[3]. More studies are necessary to characterise ferulenol pharmacokinetics. This new element raises many questions on the consequences of these excretion. Currently, no intoxication has been reported in unweaned calves which is consistent with the weak level of ferulenol in their blood (median: 1.1 ng/mL). Further investigations are necessary to assess the possible importance of this exposure on animals and the impact of the excretion on the milk destined to human use. Conclusion: Cows exposed to ferulenol after eating giant fennel can excrete ferulenol in milk which can conduct to an exposure of unweaned calves.References: 1. Louvet M-S, Gault G, Lefebvre S, Popowycz F, Boulven M, Besse S, et al. Comparative inhibitory effect of prenylated coumarins, ferulenol and ferprenin, contained in the ‘poisonous chemotype’ of Ferula communis on mammal liver microsomal VKORC1 activity. Phytochemistry. oct 2015;118:124‑30. 2. Fourel I, Hugnet C, Goy-Thollot I, Berny P. Validation of a new liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry ion-trap technique for the simultaneous determination of thirteen anticoagulant rodenticides, drugs, or natural products. J Anal Toxicol. mars 2010;34(2):95‑102. 3. Espana B, Couturier S, Prouillac C. Role of ABC transporters in trans-epithelial transport of vitamin K antagonists. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1 janv 2017;38(1):20‑32
Exposure of unweaned calves to the toxic compound of giant fennel
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Vitamin K are essential molecules involved in the post-transcriptional activation of some proteins called protein vitamin K dependent (PVKD). The best know PVKD are the four involved in the coagulation cascade: factor II, VII, IX and X. In mammals, vitamin K has two origins: foods and a recycling system lead by an enzyme called Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1). Some natural molecules are able to inhibit VKOR, which may involve coagulopathy by lack of PVKD. The most famous natural inhibitor is dicoumarol which is responsible for the “sweet clover disease”. Dicoumarol is produced by fermentation from coumarin contained in clover hay. More recently, ferulenol produced by giant fennel (Ferula communis) has been described as a VKORC1 inhibitor [1]. Giant fennel is a common Apiaceae of the Mediterranean Basin. Many cases of intoxication by giant fennel has been reported. Nevertheless, few information are present on the excretion in milk of ferulenol and dicoumarol. Animals and material and methods: Thirty-six suckler-bovines, coming from Corsica in an area with giant fennel, were blood sampled. Precisely, there were 27 adults, 5 unweaned calves (1-3 weeks) and 4 weaned calves (3-6 months). Samples were analysed with LC-MS-MS according to the method developed by Fourrel et al. [2].Results and discussion: Results are presented in figure 1. In adult bovine only one sample is negative to the ferulenol analysis that confirms the exposure of bovine to giant fennel and its anticoagulant compound. The majority of blood samples (25/27) are positive to dicoumarol. This element raises the question on the quality of conservation of hay which is given. The most interesting results concern the unweaned calves. They are almost all positive to ferulenol (4/5) and negative to dicoumarol (5/5). As they do not begin to graze the only source of exposure to ferulenol is the milk. Weaned calves are positive to ferulenol (4/4) and to dicoumarol (3/4). This study seems to show that ferulenol is excreted in milk. The difference between both molecules might be explained by their pharmacokinetic properties or by different transporter[3]. More studies are necessary to characterise ferulenol pharmacokinetics. This new element raises many questions on the consequences of these excretion. Currently, no intoxication has been reported in unweaned calves which is consistent with the weak level of ferulenol in their blood (median: 1.1 ng/mL). Further investigations are necessary to assess the possible importance of this exposure on animals and the impact of the excretion on the milk destined to human use. Conclusion: Cows exposed to ferulenol after eating giant fennel can excrete ferulenol in milk which can conduct to an exposure of unweaned calves.References: 1. Louvet M-S, Gault G, Lefebvre S, Popowycz F, Boulven M, Besse S, et al. Comparative inhibitory effect of prenylated coumarins, ferulenol and ferprenin, contained in the ‘poisonous chemotype’ of Ferula communis on mammal liver microsomal VKORC1 activity. Phytochemistry. oct 2015;118:124‑30. 2. Fourel I, Hugnet C, Goy-Thollot I, Berny P. Validation of a new liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry ion-trap technique for the simultaneous determination of thirteen anticoagulant rodenticides, drugs, or natural products. J Anal Toxicol. mars 2010;34(2):95‑102. 3. Espana B, Couturier S, Prouillac C. Role of ABC transporters in trans-epithelial transport of vitamin K antagonists. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1 janv 2017;38(1):20‑32
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