147,765 research outputs found
Factors that affect short-term commercial bank lending to developing countries
No full textDeveloping countries rely on short-term trade credits for imports of several essential consumer goods, including medicines and basic food supplies. The credits also facilitate export-related transactions. The mechanisms commercial banks use to provide trade credits to developing countries are complex and costly. Even a temporary break in the flow of short-term credit can seriously hurt a country's business. But since short-term trade credits can be structured so that they involve a few risks to a bank and at the same time are very costly to the debtor, they are generally the last forms of credit to be cut and the first to be reestablished in debt-distressed developing countries. To gauge the likelihood of continued short-term trade related financial flows to developing countries, the authors examined the factors that affect short-term commercial bank loans. They studied relevant data over time for seven countries for which data were available: Argentina, Brazil, Egypt,India, Kenya, Mexico, and Turkey. They found that : a) countries with greater growth prospects get more short-term credit; b) short-term credits are usually meant to finance countries with significant trade deficits; c) higher levels of external indebtedness are generally coupled with higher levels of short-term indebtedness to commercial banks; and d) country-specific factors affect the volume of short-term lending to a country.Financial Intermediation,Banks&Banking Reform,Economic Theory&Research,Strategic Debt Management,Financial Crisis Management&Restructuring
"All on short" prosthetic-implant supported rehabilitations
No full textObjectives. Short implants are increasing their popularity among clinicians who want to fulfill the constant demanding of fixed prosthetic solutions in edentulous jaws. The aim of this report was to propose a new possibility to project and realize an occlusal guided implant cross-arch prosthesis supported by ultra-short implants, describing it presented an edentulous mandible case report. Methods. A 61-year-old, Caucasian, female patient who attended the dental clinic of the University of L’Aquila presented with edentulous posterior inferior jaw and periodontitis and periimplantitis processes in the anterior mandible. The remaining tooth and the affected implant were removed. Six 4-mm-long implants were placed to support a cross-arch metal-resin prosthesis. Results. At 1-year follow-up clinical and radiological assessment showed a good osseointegration of the fixtures and the patient was satisfied with the prosthesis solution. Conclusion. The method, even if it requires further validation, seems to be a valid aid in solving lower edentulous clinical cases, and appears less complex and with more indications of other proposals presented in the current clinical literature. Our case report differs from the current technique All-on-Four, which uses four implants in the mandible to support overdenture prosthesis, assuring a very promising clinical resul
The impacts of short break provision on disabled children and families: an international literature review
No full textFor over 30 years, short breaks have been part of the landscape of support provision for families with a disabled child. Historically, the term ‘respite care’ has been used in much of the research literature concerning short breaks for families with a disabled child. However, ‘short breaks’ has become the preferred term, partly due to the negative connotations of family carers requiring ‘respite’ from their children, and partly because short breaks now encompass a much wider range of supports than out-of-home placement in specialist residential facilities (Cramer and Carlin, 2008). As such, the term ‘short breaks’ will be used throughout this review, with the exception of direct quotes from research studies where the term ‘respite’ is used by study participants or study authors
Terminal short arm domains of basement membrane laminin are critical for its self-assembly
No full textLaminin self-assembles into large polymers by a cooperative two-step calcium-dependent mechanism (Yurchenco, P. D., E. C. Tsilibary, A. S. Charonis, and H. Furthmayr. 1985. J. Biol. Chem. 260:7636-7644). The domain specificity of this process was investigated using defined proteolytically generated fragments corresponding to the NH2-terminal globule and adjacent stem of the short arm of the B1 chain (E4), a complex of the two short arms of the A and B2 chains attached to the proximal stem of a third short arm (E1'), a similar complex lacking the globular domains (P1'), and the distal half of the long arm attached to the adjacent portion of the large globule (E8). Polymerization, followed by an increase of turbidity at 360 nm in neutral isotonic TBS containing CaCl2 at 35 degrees C, was quantitatively inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner with laminin fragments E4 and E1' but not with fragments E8 and P1'. Affinity retardation chromatography was used for further characterization of the binding of laminin domains. The migration of fragment E4, but not of fragments E8 and P1', was retarded in a temperature- and calcium-dependent fashion on a laminin affinity column but not on a similar BSA column. These data are evidence that laminin fragments E4 and E1' possess essential terminal binding domains for the self-aggregation of laminin, while fragments E8 and P1' do not. Furthermore, the individual domain-specific interactions that contribute to assembly are calcium dependent and of low affinity
New solid geometry /
No full textAlso published in author's New plane and solid geometry. Boston, 1908."In the preparation of this text the author acknowledges joint authorship with Robert L. Short."--Pref.Mode of access: Internet
Chasmogenus acuminatus Smith & Short 2020
No full textChasmogenus acuminatus Smith & Short, 2020 New material examined (21): BRAZIL: Amapá: Oiapoque, (c. 22 km S on BR-156), 3.65822°, -51.76958°, 17 m, 20.vii.2018, leg. Short, forested detrital pool, BR18-0720-01B (9 exs., INPA, SEMC). Pará: Alenquer, Vale do Paraíso, ca. 55 km N of Alenquer, -1.49292, -54.51566, 150 m, 3.ii.2018, leg. A. Short, isolated detrital pool in rocks next to river, BR18-0203-01B (9 exs., INPA, SEMC).Published as part of Glynn, Rachel D. & Short, Andrew Edward Z., 2021, New species and records of Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 from the southwestern margin of the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae), pp. 435-443 in Zootaxa 5048 (3) on page 443, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5048.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/555655
Short stature and Helicobacter pylori infection in Italian children: prospective multicentre hospital based case–control study. (I.F. 5.143)
No full textHelicobacter pylori is mainly acquired in childhood,1 but the diseases associated with such infection remain unknown. Scottish and Italian schoolchildren infected with H pylori showed reduced growth in height,2,3 and H pylori gastritis was found in 55% of French children examined for short stature.4 To evaluate the role of H pylori and socioeconomic factors on growth we compared children with idiopathic short stature with those of normal height
Physically short crack propagation in metals during high cycle fatigue
No full textIn metals, during high cycle fatigue on plain specimens, almost the entire fatigue life is spent as short crack initiation and propagation. The fatigue short crack life can be schematically divided into two subsequent phases: microstructurally short crack and physically short crack. Recently, Chapetti proposed a physically short crack threshold and propagation driving force model [Chapetti MD. Fatigue propagation threshold of short cracks under constant amplitude loading. Int J Fatigue 2003;25(12):1319-1326]. In his model the physically short crack behavior is obtained from the long crack propagation, just introducing the reduced threshold due to unsaturated closure. In the present paper the physically short crack propagation is similarly modeled by means of a driving force equation, but independent from the long crack propagation. In this way, a better description of the short crack behavior is provided, however short crack propagation data is required. Physically short crack propagation model parameters were obtained, by fitting experimental data drawn from the literature, for two aluminum alloys and a titanium alloy at two different heat treatment conditions and load ratios. By calculating the physically short crack plus long crack propagation, and assuming microstructurally short crack as part of the initiation stage, a purer information about crack initiation can be drawn from the S-N curves, and it is shown in the paper for the investigated materials. A precise crack initiation size and the number of cycles just for initiation are then provided. This information is useful to accurately predict fatigue life for blunt notched and for thick components, where the propagation is much higher than in the small plain specimen. A validation of the model was obtained by predicting the fatigue life of a notched specimen. An accurate prediction was obtained both when the initiation was much smaller than propagation and when almost the entire fatigue life was initiation
Chasmogenus gironae Glynn & Short 2021, sp. n.
No full textChasmogenus gironae sp. n. Figures 2C–D, 3B, 5C–D, 6 Type Material. Holotype (male): “VENEZUELA, T.F.Amaz. / Cerro de la Neblina / 1.5 km S Basecamp / 0°50’N, 66°10’W / 250 m., 15 Feb. 1985 ”, “In small ponds full/ of dead leaves;/ rainforest ridge/ P. J. & P. M. Spangler,/ R. Faitoute, W. Steiner ” (MIZA). Paratypes (36): VENEZUELA: Amazonas: Same data as holotype (36 exs., SEMC, USNM). Differential Diagnosis. Among species with the median lobe of the aedeagus and the parameres approximately even in length and a long basal piece, this species is similar in morphology and general form of the aedeagus to C. brownsbergensis Smith & Short, 2020, but may be distinguished by characters of the median lobe and dorsal coloration of the head. The median lobe of C. gironae bears a rounded triangular apex past the position of the gonopore and a constriction located medially, whereas the apex of C. brownsbergensis is acutely triangular with straight sides and the constriction is situated more distally closer to the gonopore. The coloration of the head of C. brownsbergensis has mesal dark patches on the clypeus and the labrum compared to the uniformly colored head of C. gironae. Description. Size and color. Total body length 3.4–3.7 mm. Body form elongate oval. Dorsum of head dark brown to very dark brown posteriorly, clypeus and labrum slightly paler (Fig. 3B). Pronotum and elytra uniformly very dark brown (Fig. 2C). Venter uniformly dark orange-brown to dark brown (Fig. 2D). Head. Ground punctation on head fine. Clypeus with anteromedial emargination, which exposes a broadly rounded gap between the clypeus and labrum (Fig. 3B). Mentum moderately depressed in anterior half with a triangular to rounded anteromedial notch. Maxillary palps long, longer than width of head immediately posterior to eyes. Thorax. Ground punctation on pronotum fine (Fig. 2C). Prosternum very weakly to not at all tectiform. Mesoventrite with moderate elevation forming a thin posteromedial longitudinal carina. Metafemora densely pubescent in basal nine-tenths (Fig. 2D). Aedeagus. Aedeagus (Fig. 5C,D) with median lobe that bears a single medial constriction situated halfway between base and apex, base and position of gonopore of equal width, tapering past position of gonopore narrowing abruptly to form a rounded triangular apex which is even with the apex of the parameres. Sclerite of the median lobe not expanded. Gonopore situated ca. half of one gonopore width below the apex of the median lobe. Parameres symmetrical, with outer margins straight, with apex slightly inwardly curved and bluntly rounded. Basal piece long, ca. half the length of the parameres. Etymology. This species is named in honor of Dr. Jennifer Girón, for her substantial contributions and dedication to the study of the taxonomy and morphology of the subfamily Acidocerinae and for her valuable mentorship of the first author. Distribution. Known only from the type locality near the base of Cerro de la Neblina in southern Venezuela. Biology. Chasmogenus gironae was collected in small ponds full of leaves in lowland rainforest.Published as part of Glynn, Rachel D. & Short, Andrew Edward Z., 2021, New species and records of Chasmogenus Sharp, 1882 from the southwestern margin of the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae), pp. 435-443 in Zootaxa 5048 (3) on pages 440-441, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5048.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/555655
Hepatitis viral markers in patients undergoing primary liver transplants
No full textThe purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence in liver transplant (OLTx) patients of the hepatitis markers (anti-A, anti-B, anti-C, anti-D and HBsAg) and the interrelationships between markers and patients' sexes, ages, dates of transplant, clinicopathological diagnoses, and short-term survivals. Slightly more than half of the patients were male. Anti-A and anti-B were about evenly distributed between male and female. Anti-C, anti-D, and HBsAg were far more common in males. Age and year of transplant showed only a moderate increase in anti-A with increasing age. Anti-A was found in 57% of all patients, anti-B in 18%, anti-C in 17%, and HBsAg in 17%. Anti-D was tested only in patients who were positive for anti-B or HBsAg and occurred in 21 (11%) of 185. The poorest short-term survival occurred in males who showed both anti-A and HBsAg. © 1993 Plenum Publishing Corporation
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