1,720,992 research outputs found
High brilliance photon pulses interacting with relativistic electron and proton beams
Full text linkWe present a detailed study of the interaction between relativistic electron beams and high intensity laser pulses aimed at the production, through Inverse Compton scattering, of high brilliance gamma rays. In particular, we focus on the simulations of the emitted photon beams for the Extreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics Gamma Beam System. The machine, presently under construction, is designed to deliver gamma ray photon beams in the 0.2-19.5 MeV energy range characterized by unprecedented performances in terms of monochromaticity, brilliance, spectral density, tunability and polarization.
The possibility to generate low emittance TeV-class energy pion and muon beams via photo-production in a highly relativistic Lorentz boosted frame is discussed in the second part of the dissertation. The kinematics of all the events given by the proton-photon beams interaction has been considered: pion photo-production and further decay into muon and neutrino, lepton pair photo-production (electron/positron and muon pairs) and Inverse Compton scattering. We analyze the brightness of the secondary beams achievable by the coupling of advanced high efficiency high repetition rate Free Electron Laser pulses and Large Hadron Collider or Future Circular Collider proton beams
Physics and applications of high brightness beams workshop, HBEB 2013 inverse Compton cross section revisited
Full text linkThe design of advanced machines working in the quantum regime (ELI-NP, IRIDE, e - γ and γ - γ colliders) requires to set the fundamentals needed to have an accurate prediction of the radiation qualities after the Compton scattering. Due to the high energy of the electron beam in the cases above mentioned, the quantum effects, referred as inverse Compton, which occur during the collision with the laser radiation, are not negligible. We present a rigorous method to obtain the inverse Compton cross section in the general case of not null initial momentum of the electrons from a pure QED calculation, avoiding the usual approaches based on the derivation of this cross section either from the Klein and Nishina formula and the Lorentz transformations or throught Feynman diagrams and Mandelstam invariants. In the derivation of the cross section from the transition amplitude we pay particular attention to the long time behavior of the system evolution. Proceeding in this way we obtain the transition probability in the time unit, which integrated over the solid angle of emission defines spectrum and number of the scattered photons
Publisher’s Note: Analytical description of photon beam phase spaces in inverse Compton scattering sources [Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 20, 080701 (2017)]
Full text linkThis paper was published online on 3 August 2017 with an error in Eq. (20). Equation (20) should read as (Formula Prsented) The equation has been corrected online as of 14 September 2017
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Analytical description of photon beam phase spaces in inverse Compton scattering sources
Full text linkWe revisit the description of inverse Compton scattering sources and the photon beams generated therein, emphasizing the behavior of their phase space density distributions and how they depend upon those of the two colliding beams of electrons and photons. The main objective is to provide practical formulas for bandwidth, spectral density, brilliance, which are valid in general for any value of the recoil factor, i.e. both in the Thomson regime of negligible electron recoil, and in the deep Compton recoil dominated region, which is of interest for gamma-gamma colliders and Compton sources for the production of multi-GeV photon beams. We adopt a description based on the center of mass reference system of the electron-photon collision, in order to underline the role of the electron recoil and how it controls the relativistic Doppler/boost effect in various regimes. Using the center of mass reference frame greatly simplifies the treatment, allowing us to derive simple formulas expressed in terms of rms momenta of the two colliding beams (emittance, energy spread, etc.) and the collimation angle in the laboratory system. Comparisons with Monte Carlo simulations of inverse Compton scattering in various scenarios are presented, showing very good agreement with the analytical formulas: in particular we find that the bandwidth dependence on the electron beam emittance, of paramount importance in Thomson regime, as it limits the amount of focusing imparted to the electron beam, becomes much less sensitive in deep Compton regime, allowing a stronger focusing of the electron beam to enhance luminosity without loss of mono-chromaticity. A similar effect occurs concerning the bandwidth dependence on the frequency spread of the incident photons: in deep recoil regime the bandwidth comes out to be much less dependent on the frequency spread. The set of formulas here derived are very helpful in designing inverse Compton sources in diverse regimes, giving a quite accurate first estimate in typical operational conditions for number of photons, bandwidth, spectral density and brilliance values—the typical figures of merit of such radiation sources
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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