290 research outputs found
Italian Light, 100 lampade della collezione Cortopassi
No full textThe book, using as a pretext 100 lamps of Cortopassi collection, highlights, a history made of little events, single designers, fortuitous coincidences and exhibitions appointment constantly repeated to mark and highlight the continuous trasformations. A history made of individual researches developed for decades in an endless need for self-surprise, self-reference, self-promoting, self-criticism. Company histories linked to single or infinite designers, single or infinite products typologies, single or infinite images, are features allowing manifold historical reading in which the only certainty is the need of classifyng, in a non-reductive form, all the design made in the last 60s in Italy
Panic disorder as a risk factor for post-partum depression Results from the Perinatal Depression-Research & Screening Unit (PND-ReScU) study
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Perinatal mood and anxiety disorders. Clinical assessment and management. A review of current literature
No full textFrataxin deficiency increases cyclooxygenase 2 and prostaglandins in cell and animal models of Friedreich's ataxia
No full text© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.An inherited deficiency of the mitochondrial protein frataxin causes Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA); the mechanism by which this deficiency triggers neuro- and cardio-degeneration is unclear. Microarrays of neural tissue of animal models of the disease showed decreases in antioxidant genes, and increases in inflammatory genes. Cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived oxylipins are important mediators of inflammation. We measured oxylipin levels using tandem mass spectrometry and ELISAs in multiple cell and animal models of FRDA. Mass spectrometry revealed increases in concentrations of prostaglandins, thromboxane B2, 15-HETE and 11-HETE in cerebellar samples of knockin knockout mice. One possible explanation for the elevated oxylipins is that frataxin deficiency results in increased COX activity. While constitutive COX1 was unchanged, inducible COX2 expression was elevated over 1.35-fold (P < 0.05) in two Friedreich's mouse models and Friedreich's lymphocytes. Consistent with higher COX2 expression, its activity was also increased by 58% over controls. COX2 expression is driven by multiple transcription factors, including activator protein 1 and cAMP response element-binding protein, both of which were elevated over 1.52-fold in cerebella. Taken together, the results support the hypothesis that reduced expression of frataxin leads to elevation of COX2-mediated oxylipin synthesis stimulated by increases in transcription factors that respond to increased reactive oxygen species. These findings support a neuroinflammatory mechanism in FRDA, which has both pathomechanistic and therapeutic implications.The study was supported by NIH grants NS077777, EY012245 and AG025532 to G.A.C., and USDA-ARS Intramural Projects 5306-51530-019-00D and 1 U24 DK097154-01 to J.W.N. Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by the NIH
Estudos filogenéticos e de diversidade em capsicum e sua aplicação na conservação e uso de recursos genéticos das espécies C. frutescens e C. chinense
No full textTese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, 2014.As pimentas são parte da riqueza cultural e do valioso patrimônio genético da biodiversidade brasileira. O desenvolvimento de novas cultivares de pimentas e híbridos com características agronômicas e industriais de interesse depende da variabilidade disponível dos seus recursos genéticos. O objetivo geral desse trabalho foi realizar estudos filogenéticos e de diversidade genética em Capsicum utilizando marcadores moleculares e características morfológicas visando subsidiar ações de conservação e uso de recursos genéticos de C. frutescens e C. chinense em programas de melhoramento para o desenvolvimento de tipos varietais brasileiros como a pimenta malagueta. Os objetivos específicos foram: estudar a filogenia e a diversidade genética de Capsicum spp. com base em marcadores ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) e características morfológicas relacionadas ao grau de domesticação; analisar a transferibilidade de primers microssatélites (SSR - Simple Sequence Repeats) de C. annuum para C. frutescens e C. chinense; confirmar a existência de híbridos naturais; caracterizar a coleção ativa de germoplasma de C. frutescens da Embrapa Hortaliças; estabelecer uma coleção nuclear de C. frutescens e comparar a coleção nuclear à população base do melhoramento. As ações de pesquisa foram realizadas na Embrapa Hortaliças, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia e Embrapa Cerrados, localizadas em Brasília, DF. Quatro acessos silvestres coletados na região Amazônica (CNPH 4315, CNPH 4325B, CNPH 4337 e CNPH 4372), popularmente conhecidos como olho-de-peixe ou olho-de periquito, foram caracterizados utilizando marcadores ISSR como C. chinense e apresentaram frutos com características típicas de espécie silvestre. O acesso silvestre CNPH 4353, conhecido como malaguetinha foi morfologicamente e molecularmente classificado como C. frutescens. É possível, ainda, que esses materiais coletados na Bacia Amazônica, considerada a maior área de diversidade de C. chinense, compartilhem das mesmas características morfológicas dos ancestrais silvestres dessa espécie. A transferibilidade de um conjunto de primers SSR de C. annuum foi testada para as espécies C. frutescens e C. chinense. Dos 185 primers SSR de C. annuum (CA) analisados, 116 (62,7%) apresentaram transferibilidade para as duas espécies. Destes, 19 (16,37%) apresentaram-se polimórficos com uma média de 2,89 alelos por loco para C. frutescens e 35 (30,17%) mostraram polimorfismo com uma média de 3,3 alelos por loco para C. chinense. Com base no estudo da transferibilidade, 17 primers CA podem ser utilizados para se analisar amostras constituídas por C. chinense e C. frutescens. Essas duas espécies são muito próximas geneticamente, sendo difícil a distinção dos acessos, principalmente considerando-se a possibilidade de ocorrência de híbridos naturais. Para confirmar a ocorrência de híbridos interespecíficos naturais, foram realizados testes de viabilidade polínica e compatibilidade genética, caracterização morfológica, caracterização molecular e teor de capsaicinóides. Os resultados mostraram que, embora as espécies C. chinense e C. frutescens apresentem similaridades e características compartilhadas com sobreposição de caracteres morfológicos, são de fato distintas pelas análises com marcadores SSR. Testes de viabilidade polínica e de compatibilidade genética mostraram CNPH 4325A e CNPH 4361 como resultados de hibridização natural, em especial o acesso CNPH 4361, que apresentou características morfológicas de ambas as espécies, posição intermediária tanto no dendrograma como no gráfico de dispersão na análise molecular, ocorrência de alelos em heterozigose em seis loci e conteúdo intermediário de capsaicina, de 154 mil SHU. A avaliação da variabilidade genética dos 115 acessos que compõem a coleção ativa de germoplasma de C. frutescens da Embrapa Hortaliças foi realizada com base em 57 características morfológicas e 239 alelos de 24 loci de marcadores SSR. Este estudo permitiu a formação de seis grupos de similaridade em cada uma das análises e mostrou que os acessos são divergentes, havendo variabilidade genética para desenvolvimento de cultivares de C. frutescens para diversos nichos como: comercialização in natura e produção de conservas e molhos. Os marcadores SSR demonstraram maior capacidade de discriminação em relação aos descritores morfológicos. A altura e a largura das plantas foram as variáveis que apresentaram maior contribuição no índice de diversidade genética. Foi possível o estabelecimento da coleção nuclear com 13 acessos de C. frutescens representando 77% da variabilidade genética da coleção ativa, utilizando-se 239 alelos de 24 loci de marcadores moleculares SSR, 57 características morfológicas e diferentes estratégias de seleção. A melhor estratégia para formação da coleção nuclear foi evidenciada pela seleção dos acessos nos diferentes grupos de similaridade estabelecidos por marcadores moleculares SSR e incidência de viroses. Características morfológicas e moleculares foram utilizadas para avaliar e comparar a variabilidade genética dessa coleção nuclear (13 acessos), de uma população base de melhoramento genético (6 acessos) e de uma coleção ativa (104 acessos) de C. frutescens. Verificou-se maior variabilidade genética entre os acessos da coleção nuclear em relação à população base, tanto na caracterização morfológica quanto na molecular. Os resultados demonstram que os acessos da coleção nuclear podem aumentar a base genética dos programas de melhoramento genético de C. frutescens, maximizando as possibilidades de combinações gênicas desejáveis. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTPeppers are part of the cultural wealth and of the valuable genetic patrimony of the Brazilian biodiversity. The development of new pepper cultivars and hybrids with agronomic and industrial traits of interest relies on the variability of the genetic resources available. The overall objective of this work was to study phylogenetics and genetic diversity in Capsicum using molecular markers as well as morphologic characteristics to subsidize conservation and use of genetic resources of C. frutescens and C. chinense in breeding programs for the development of Brazilian varietal types such as the malagueta pepper. The specific objectives were: to study phylogenetics and genetic diversity of Capsicum spp. based on ISSR (Inter Simple Sequence Repeat) markers and morphological characteristics related to the degree of domestication; to analyze the transferability of microsatellite primers (SSR - Simple Sequence Repeats) from C. annuum to C. frutescens and C. chinense; to confirm the existence of natural hybrids; to characterize the C. frutescens active germplasm collection of Embrapa Vegetables; to establish a core collection of C. frutescens and to compare the core collection to the base population of a breeding program. The research activities were carried out at Embrapa Vegetables, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology and Embrapa Cerrados, in Brasilia, Federal District. Four wild accessions collected in the Amazon region (CNPH 4315, CNPH 4325B, CNPH 4337 and CNPH 4372) popularly known as olho-de-peixe or olho-de-periquito, were characterized using ISSR as C. chinense and presented fruits with traits typical of wild species. The wild accession CNPH 4353 known as malaguetinha was morphologically and molecularly classified as C. frutescens. Probably, these accessions collected in the Amazon Basin, the area with the largest diversity of C. chinense, share morphological characteristics with wild ancestors of this species. Transferability of a set of microsatellite primers of C. annuum was tested for the species C. frutescens and C. chinense. From the 185 C. annuum SSR primers (CA) analyzed, 116 (62.7%) showed transferability for both species. Of them, 19 (16.37%) were polymorphic with an average of 2.89 alleles per locus for C. frutescens and 35 (30.17%) showed polymorphism with an average of 3.3 alleles per locus for C. chinense. Based on the study of transferability, 17 CA primers can be used to analyze samples of C. chinense and C. frutescens. These two species are genetically very similar, making it difficult to distinguish the accessions, especially considering the possibile occurence of natural hybrids. To confirm the occurrence of natural interspecific hybrids, pollen viability and genetic compatibility tests were carried out, as well as morphological and molecular characterization with the analysis of capsaicinoids content. Although the species C. chinense and C. frutescens share similarities with overlapping morphological characteristics, they are actually different by analysis with SSR primers. Pollen viability and genetic compatibility tests pointed CNPH 4325A and CNPH 4361 as a result of natural hybridization, especially CNPH 4361, which showed morphological characteristics typical of both species, intermediate position in the dendrogram and in the scatter plot of the molecular analysis, occurrence of heterozygous alleles at six loci and intermediate content of capsaicin, of 154,000 SHU. The genetic variability of 115 accessions that compose the C. frutescens active germplasm collection of Embrapa Vegetables was based on 57 morphological characteristics and 239 alleles from 24 SSR loci. This study allowed the formation of six similarity groups in each analysis and showed that the accessions are diverse, presenting genetic variability for the development of cultivars of C. frutescens for a number of markets, such as the fresh-fruit and the processed-fruit (canning and sauces) markets. The SSR markers showed greater capacity for discrimination of morphological descriptors. Height and width of plants were the variables that showed the highest contribution to the coefficient of genetic diversity. A core collection was settled with 13 accessions of C. frutescens representing 77 % of the genetic variability of the active collection, gathering 239 alleles of 24 SSR loci, 57 morphological and agronomic characteristics and different selection strategies. The best strategy for settling the core collection was evidenced by the selection of accessions from different groups of similarity of the SSR analysis associated to the evaluation of incidence of viruses. Morphologic, agronomic and molecular characteristics were used to evaluate and compare the genetic variability of this core collection (13 accessions), a base population of the breeding program (6 accessions) an active collection (104 accessions) of C. frutescens. A higher genetic variability among accessions of the core collection was verified in comparison to the base population, both in the morphological and molecular characterization. The results show that accessions of the core collection can improve the genetic base of breeding programs of C. frutescens, maximizing the chances of desirable gene combinations.Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária (FAV)Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomi
Pelvic floor dyssynergia and psychiatric disorders. Does the snake bite its tail?
No full textAIM: Psychological and/or psychiatric disorders (PSY) and functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are often linked. Pelvic floor dyssynergia (PFD) is one of the most frequent FGID, but few studies have investigated its possible relationship with PSY. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether an increased prevalence of PSY, and of what types, exist in patients affected with PFD. METHODS: Thirty-four female patients PFD and 34 age- and gender-matched control subjects were evaluated. The prevalence rates of axis I psychiatric disorders (DSM IV) and of pathological temperaments (Schneider-Akiskal criteria) were determined. RESULTS: PSY were detected in 29 patients (85.3%) and in 11 controls (32.3%), (p=0.000). A family load was present in 7 patients (20.6%) and in 2 controls (5.9%), (NS). Sixteen patients (47.0%) and no control subjects were diagnosed as having axis I psychiatric disorders (p=0.000); anxiety disorders were the most frequently represented condition. A pat..
Approccio multidisciplinare per la valutazione della pericolosità di frana: indagini geologico-tecniche, idrogeologiche, geochimiche e isotopiche per la determinazione degli apporti idrici sotterranei nella frana di Cassana in Val di Magra (Massa-Carrara, Italia)
No full textCassana is placed in the Magra River Valley (Tuscany, Italy). A large and slow complex landslide involves the ancient village and causes severe damage and high risk. Many investigations were performed, aiming at gathering data and information and developing methodologies, in order to realize countermeasures and mitigate the risk. Geological and geomorphological investigations, subsurface exploration (core drillings, seismic refraction survey), geotechnical analysis, deformation and piezometer monitoring were carried out. Moreover, chemical and isotopic analyses on the underground waters were performed, aiming at identifying their intake areas and underground ways in the landslide bodies close to the village. The geochemical and isotopic investigations gave a meaningful contribution in reconstructing a geometric, kinematic and hydrogeological model of the Cassana landslide. This allowed the elaboration of a hypothetical outline of the underground water circulation and the individuation of some intake areas and preferential ways of the underground waters, greatly influencing the landslide and village instability. In conclusion, the geochemical and isotopic approach to the slope instability represents a possible and innovatory application of the chemical-isotopic technique in investigating the landslide causes
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