1,720,960 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Fixing chromium and lead in ceramic materials : a petrological approach to inertization and recycling of toxic industrial waste
No full textIndustrial wastes rich in toxic heavy metals are produced in high amounts yearly. As other hazardous wastes, they require special, expensive disposal, and they may represent a serious environmental and health issue in case of heavy metal dispersion. Petrology may offer useful tools to effectively inertize hazardous industrial wastes and eventually recycle them back in industry. Mineral phases like oxides and aluminosilicates, occurring in natural rocks and employed in the ceramic industry, have a high potential for long-term bonding a wide variety of refractory as well as low-melting heavy metals. These resistant phases may then be used to incorporate a wide range of hazardous metal components in waste during inertization treatments. Experimental work was done on petrological models like the MgO-SiO2-Al2O3 (MAS) system and its little known extensions to Cr2O3 (MASCr) as well as to the low-melting PbO (PMASCr). Experiments were planned with different bulk compositions and on a wide range of temperature in order to test feasibility and efficiency of a petrology-based inertization of highly chromiferous and Cr-Pb-rich industrial wastes, as those from tanneries and from galvanic processes. Run products exploring the refractory MASCr system between 1250° and 1560°C showed that the addition of Cr contributes to stabilize the refractory, Cr-rich phases of the MAS system and to lower the thermal minimum of the system by approximately 100°C. Different Cr-bearing phases are dominant in the different portions of the system, from spinels in the most Mg-rich bulk compositions to sapphirine and mullite in the least Mg-rich ones. Glass occurs in all runs and is Cr-poor. Cr2O3 content of Cr-hosting phases in the run products may vary between 100 wt% in pure eskolaite to 60 wt% maximum in spinel, 30 wt% in sapphirine down to 12-23 wt% in mullite. Spinels and sapphirine and the most abundant and most interesting phases in the view of inertization. Experiments in the unknown PMASCr system were planned (a) to cope with compositions of galvanic sludge (Crtot + Pb oxides > 30 wt%, molar Cr:Pb about 1:1), and (b) to induce simultaneous crystallization of Pb-feldspar and Cr-bearing spinel between 950°C and 1050°C, from subsolidus and from melt conditions (after short high-temperature treatment at 1350°C). The planned association of Pb feldspar and Cr-rich spinel (with Cr2O3 up to 60 wt%) occurs in all runs, even at low temperature, and in association with terms of the eskolaite-corundum solid solution. Spinel and Pb feldspar are the most abundant phases crystallized except in the runs treated at high temperature, where Cr-poor, Pb-bearing glass can overcome Pb feldspar. Cr and Pb are therefore completely separated in distinct phases. Both groups of experiments are highly encouraging for waste-oriented applications: heavy metals like Cr and Pb can be efficiently bondend in crystalline phases and they are sharply fractionated, thereby allowing further recovery of the economically interesting Cr-rich phases for recycling and safe disposal of the remaining inertized waste
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The systems PbO-Al2O3-SiO2 (PAS) and MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 extended to PbO and Cr2O3 (PMASCr) at 1 Atm : investigations on phase relations and possible applications to the material sciences
No full textCr-Pb-bearing industrial waste: experimental investigations for inertization in ceramic matrix.
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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