1,720,988 research outputs found
Preventing Miscommunication: Early Modern German Surgeons as Specialized Translators
No full textSurgical texts all aim at clarity and accuracy since any misunderstanding could have severe consequences for both the patient’s health and the practitioner’s reputation. In early modern German surgical literature, the rendering of specialized terminology is particularly relevant in this respect. In this study, three case studies from the Low German (manuscript and printed) surgical tradition are presented and discussed, in order to highlight the strategies adopted by their authors to translate foreign language sources and convey a fully clear and unequivocal message
Coping with a foreign language for specific purposes in the early sixteenth century: the Low German translation of Hieronymus Brunschwig’s Buch der Cirurgia
No full textHieronymus Brunschwig’s Buch der Cirurgia is the first surgical handbook printed in German. It is transmitted in five different editions, the first of which dated 1497. This compilation of Classical, Arabic, Medieval and Late Medieval sources, integrated by the personal experience of the author had an extraordinary success in 16th-century Europe, as witnessed by the existence, in addition to the Low German one, of an English (London, 1525) and a Dutch (Utrecht, 1535) translation.
The High German surgical compendium became also popular in Northern Germany, where in 1518 a Low German translation – the Boek der Wundenartzstedye – was produced and printed by Ludwig Dietz in Rostock. The very existence of this Low German edition of the text represents a precious resource for the contrastive investigation of the High and Low German medical language.
In this study, this Low German translation of Hieronymus Brunschwig’s surgical handbook are contrasted with its High German source in order to highlight the strategies employed by the Low German translator to render beyond doubt the exact message of the original. In this, particular attention is paid to the rendering of the surgical lexicon connected to the semantic fields of anatomy, pathology, surgical technique and instruments. The comparison of the two texts allows focusing on similarities and differences in the linguistic and terminological treatment of surgical topics in High and Low German. Moreover, the frequency and modality of the recourse to foreign (mainly Latin and Greek) specialized terminology in both Brunschwig’s original and in its Low German translation are taken into consideration
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
L'adozione di modelli formali nella linguistica germanica: prospettive ecdotiche ed ermeneutiche
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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