881 research outputs found
Apparent solubility and dissolution profile at non-sink conditions as Quality improvement tools.
Get PDFNon
Image 4. A in Status and conservation of crocodiles in the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, eastern Nepal
No full textImage 4. A - Movement of the livestock along the shoreline; B - People came to collect the firewood; C - Human activities along the bank of the edge of the river; D - Low level of water in the Tetriganchital in summerPublished as part of Goit, Rajesh Kumar & Basnet, Khadga, 2011, Status and conservation of crocodiles in the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, eastern Nepal, pp. 2001-2010 in Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (8) on page 2007, DOI: 10.11609/JoTT.o2735.2001-10, http://zenodo.org/record/498694
Utilizing liposomal quercetin and gallic acid in localized treatment of vaginal Candida infections
Get PDFVulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a widely spread fungal infection that causes itching, pain and inflammation at the vaginal site. Although common, currently available treatment suffers from limited efficacy and high recurrence. In addition, the growing problem of resistance to azole drugs used in current treatments emphasizes the need for superior treatment options. Antimicrobial polyphenols are an attractive approach offering multitargeting therapy. We aimed to develop novel liposomes for simultaneous delivery of two polyphenols (quercetin, Q, and gallic acid, GA) that, when released within the vaginal cavity, act in synergy to eradicate infection while alleviating the symptoms of VVC. Q was selected for its anti-itching and anti-inflammatory properties, while GA for its reported activity against Candida. Novel liposomes containing only Q (LP-Q), only GA (LP-GA) or both polyphenols (LP-Q+GA) were in the size range around 200 nm. Q was efficiently entrapped in both LP-Q and in LP-Q+GA (85%) while the entrapment of GA was higher in LP-Q+GA (30%) than in LP-GA (25%). Liposomes, especially LP-Q+GA, promoted sustained release of both polyphenols. Q and GA acted in synergy, increasing the antioxidant activities of a single polyphenol. Polyphenol-liposomes were not cytotoxic and displayed stronger anti-inflammatory effects than free polyphenols. Finally, LP-GA and LP-Q+GA considerably reduced C. albicans growth
The role of erythromycin C-12 hydroxylase, EryK, as a substitute for PikC hydroxylase in pikromycin biosynthesis
No full textThe substrate flexibility of the erythromycin C-12 hydroxylase from Saccharopolyspora erythraea, EryK, was investigated to test its potential for the generation of novel polyketide structures. We have shown that EryK can accept the substrates of PikC from Streptomyces venezuelae which is responsible for the hydroxylation of YC-17 and narbomycin. In a S. venezuelae pikC deletion mutant, EryK could catalyze the hydroxylation of YC-17 and narbomycin to generate methymycin/neomethymycin and pikromycin, respectively. Molecular modeling of the enzyme-substrate complex suggested the possible interaction of EryK with alternative substrates. The results indicate that EryK is flexible toward some alternative polyketides and can be useful for structural diversification of macrolides by post-polyketide synthase hydroxylation.open
Female Employers and their Maids in New Delhi: ‘This is Our Culture’
No full textBasnet C, A.S. S. Female Employers and their Maids in New Delhi: ‘This is Our Culture’. South Asia Research. 2020;40(2):282-298.The domestic labour market in India reflects how various classes of women manage their daily lives, whether as employers of domestic workers or as employees. The cultural underpinnings of various intersecting relationships implicated in this scenario have remained underresearched in India. Based on a qualitative study in a specific neighbourhood of New Delhi, this article shows that certain cultural strategies pursued by female employers explain their differential behaviour towards specific groups of maids. Observing that these female employers in Delhi prefer Nepali maids over native Indians, even if the latter are willing to work for lower wages, we set out to analyse why and how these employers evaluate immigrant Nepali maids as sharing ‘our’ culture, while native Indians are classified as the cultural ‘other’
Novel in situ gel -forming solid dosage form (gfSDF) prepared by the simple syringe-based moulding: A screening study
No full textSatis Devkota
No full textBasnet, H. C.; Devkota, S.; and Upadhyay, M. (2021). Terms of trade and real domestic income: New evidence from South and Southeast Asia. International Journal of Finance & Economics, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 4315-4331.https://digitalcommons.morris.umn.edu/cosa2022/1014/thumbnail.jp
Virtual Teaching Assistant: A Web Tool (for C++)
Get PDFWith the advancements in technology and popularity of online education, the need for virtual teaching assistance has suddenly risen. Students prefer to get virtual help from teachers and tutors at their convenience and time. A virtual tutor – web tool is an effective way to meet this requirement, which is convenient for both students and teachers.
The students at St. Cloud State University expect to have more one-on-one human tutoring, which is hard in regular classroom settings. Especially, this expectation seems more serious for students who take CSCI 201 – Computer Science I (C++). To solve this problem, a virtual tutor - web tool has been proposed to help the students. The virtual tutor is emotive, which can help distant students enhance their understanding of C++. Although this is a blueprint which is used to learn CSCI 201 at St. Cloud State University, this can be applied to any other classes. The tool allows the user to use speech recognition to ask questions to the tool which returns useful answers; to work online with others; and to interact with teachers. In addition, a screen sharing option is also offered to allow users to share the work with each other. Additional services are offered.
This tool introduces an easy and better approach to offer extra help to the students in need instead of relying 100% on the traditional approach. In addition, this might reach wider target audiences including senior students who are ready to offer help to the junior students without setting up any traditional face-to-face meetings. This could be a great tool for students with low self-esteem as well.
In this document, overall tool design is explained in details, and the major steps in building the tool are outlined. The steps include motivation, background, problem descriptions, scope, research and analysis, design and implementation and testing carried out to develop the virtual tool – web tool
Can nanomedicine improve the semen quality? The potentials of liposomal curcumin.
Get PDFINTRODUCTION: Worldwide, 10-15 % couples are infertile, and 50 % of the couples seeking assisted reproductive techniques do so because of defective sperm quality. The semen quality can be directly linked to oxidative stress (OS). Due to high metabolic rates and weak anti-oxidant systems, sperm cells are unable to defend against OS produced exogenously and endogenously. Vitamin C and/or vitamin E are anti-oxidants showing promising outcome to reduce OS, but the clinical application has not been fully achieved. Curcumin is an extremely potent lipid-soluble anti-oxidant showing potential in therapy for different human disorders, but its poor bioavailability has limited its wider use. Nanotechnology has been used for the purpose of improving the bioavailability of curcumin. It would be interesting to apply nanotechnology based liposomal delivery of curcumin, a noted anti-oxidant for the enhancement of motility and viability of human sperm cells in vitro.
OBJECTIVES: With this study, the aim was to prove anti-oxidative activities of curcumin. We also studied if liposomal formulation of curcumin could maximize the anti-oxidative activities and hopefully enhance motility and viability of sperm cells in vitro.
METHODS: Curcumin loaded liposomes were made by the film method followed by extrusion. Anti-oxidative activities of free curcumin were tested with ABTS and DPPH assay methods and compared with vitamin C and vitamin E. The effect of empty liposomes, liposomal curcumin, free curcumin, vitamin C and vitamin E was determined by observing the motility and viability of sperm cells in vitro.
RESULTS: Liposomes with curcumin had an average size of 147.82 ±17.3 nm and entrapment efficiency of 88.84 ± 2.3 %. The EC50 for curcumin was 5.82 µM in ABTS and EC50 9.13 µM in DPPH assay, respectively. Anti-oxidants such as curcumin, vitamin C and vitamin E maintained the motility and viability up to 24 hours, however lipid showed toxicity to sperm cells at 0.5 µg/ml or higher concentrations.
CONCLUSION: The liposomes containing curcumin were uniformly distributed with high entrapment efficiency. We confirmed anti-oxidative activity of curcumin, however, rather unexpectedly that the liposomal lipid has shown negative effect on sperm viability at certain concentrations. Further studies with more replicates are needed to confirm these findings.
Key words: curcumin, liposomes, anti-oxidant, sperm, motility, viabilit
Solubilization of ibuprofen with β-cyclodextrin derivatives: Energetic and structural studies
No full text- …
