2,227 research outputs found
Debating Colonialism and Black Slavery on the Scottish Stage: Archibald Maclaren’s The Negro Slaves (1799)
No full textScotland’s response to slavery and British colonialism was marked by the same degree of ambiguity and complexity as emerged in almost every aspect of its post-Union relationship with England. There is no denying that between the middle of the eighteenth century and the opening of the nineteenth, Scotland’s national wealth grew substantially as a direct result of the increasing trading links with what had been the English colonies. The fact that the economies of the West Indies and the tobacco-producing colonies in America were slavery-based proved no deterrent. Scottish Enlightenment thinkers, on the other hand, were among those in the later eighteenth century raising the issue of slavery, contributing in a major way to the rise of the movement in England campaigning for the abolition of slavery and the slave-trade. Enlightenment and Romantic Scottish literature records this equivocal reaction to British colonialism. In particular the stage becomes a favourite place for dramatizing the power relations, social conflicts and moral prejudices generated by the colonial enterprise. Archibald Maclaren’s The Negro Slaves (1799), a ballad opera set in the West Indies, focuses on the relationship between the educated Christian slave Quako and his owner, the English Captain Racoon, to show how power relations are often based on preconceived notions in matters of morality and race. It is not by chance that the pivotal character is McSympathy, a Scottish raisonneur, a friend to all and virtuous outsider who acts as a mediator between opposite positions. This unbiased individual, speaking in a kind of Scots dialect, is the spokesman for the anti-imperialistic values that popular Scottish theatre – in this case the ballad opera – endorsed during the time of the slavery debate. The brutal and ignorant slave-holder, Captain Racoon, embodies the general anti-abolitionist idea of the time that slaves had to be denied any form of education which might bring them to a realisation of their inhuman condition. Quako and McSympathy are his antagonists, especially the latter—perhaps a stage version of Francis Hutcheson, and a spokesman for the author himself-- who intends to show how the philosophy of the moral sense should be applied to all of humanity. It is significant that, within ten years of the publication of The Negro Slaves, the British slave trade was abolished
Rewriting Greek Tragedy in Contemporary Scottish Theatre: Liz Lochhead’s "Medea" and David Greig’s "Oedipus the Visionary"
No full textA staple of post-war Scottish theatre until today has been the appropriation of classical drama and its resetting in a local context by means of interlingual translation, adaptation and/or re-writing – from Douglas Young’s translations of Aristophanes in the 1950s to David Greig’s version of Euripides’s The Bacchae in 2007. The purposes and meanings of these practices vary; however, most hypertexts (in Genettian terms) tend to appropriate the characters and archetypes of their hypotexts in order to confront contemporary socio-political and ideological issues with both a national and international interest. Remediation here consists essentially of a cultural interpretation, translation and modernization of the classics’ language whereby the original (in most cases mediated by English bridging translations) is used as a template to give birth to a new creation that both reiterates the universality of the source material and introduces more local and specific concerns. Among the most experimental Scottish playwrights, Liz Lochhead and David Greig – current National Makar (or Poet) of Scotland the former, and arguably Scotland’s most international playwright the latter – have put on stage several free adaptations/translations of Euripides and Sophocles’s tragedies. Lochhead reworks Euripides for the Scottish stage in Medea (2000). The classical “template” allows Lochhead to deal with her preferred universal themes from the perspectives lent by the classical authors she translates, thus achieving a compromise between tradition and innovation. Her Medea is a study of female desire but also of the ostracism of minorities and subaltern subjects within an intolerant society, a study with both identifiably Scottish elements (idiomatically and in terms of setting) and universal meanings. David Greig reworks the Oedipus myth in his Oedipus the Visionary (1998), an adaptation of Sophocles’ Oedipus the King to which he adds a postcolonial undertone by representing Oedipus as a guilt-stricken colonizer, the prototype of a rigid Eurocentric perspective – while Laius, Tiresias and the Thebans are the Other (indeed on stage Tiresias is meant to wear a head-dress like that of an Indian holy man). Greig complicates the relationship between colonizer and colonized by ironizing not only Oedipus’s self-sufficiency and self-centredness, which lead him to the final catastrophe, but also Tiresias’s refusal to communicate. The author turns their fixity and closure into a metaphor of polarized and essentialist ideological positions which hinder intercultural exchanges
Esperienza clinica in presidio medico avanzato (PMA), nell’emergenza sisma di L’Aquila: studio osservazionale.
No full textAdsorption of 4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)-4′-nitrostilbene on an Amorphous Silica Glass Surface
No full textStilbenes are a compelling class of organic photoswitches with a high degree of tunability that sensitively depend on their environment. In this study, we investigate the adsorption properties of 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)-4′-nitrostilbene (DANS), a push-pull stilbene, on amorphous silica glass. Plane-wave density functional theory (DFT) calculations are used to understand how the trans and cis isomers of DANS interact with the amorphous surface and which are the most preferred modes of adsorption. Our calculations revealed that the O-H···O hydrogen bonds between the nitro group and hydroxyl groups of the silica surface dominate the intramolecular interaction. In addition to hydrogen bonding, O-H···π interactions with the aromatic ring and double bond play a critical role in adsorption, whereas C-H···O interactions are present, but contribute little. Therefore, both isomers of DANS favor parallel orientations such that not only the functional groups but also the aromatic parts can strongly interact with the glass surface
Diffusion and Coalescence of Phosphorene Monovacancies Studied Using High-Dimensional Neural Network Potentials
No full textThe properties of two-dimensional materials are strongly affected by defects that are often present in considerable numbers. In this study, we investigate the diffusion and coalescence of monovacancies in phosphorene using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations accelerated by high-dimensional neural network potentials. Trained and validated with reference data obtained with density functional theory (DFT), such surrogate models provide the accuracy of DFT at a much lower cost, enabling simulations on time scales that far exceed those of first-principles MD. Our microsecond long simulations reveal that monovacancies are highly mobile and move predominantly in the zigzag rather than armchair direction, consistent with the energy barriers of the underlying hopping mechanisms. In further simulations, we find that monovacancies merge into energetically more stable and less mobile divacancies following different routes that may involve metastable intermediates
INTUBAZIONE DIFFICILE IMPREVISTA GLIDESCOPE VS INTRODUTTORE ENDOTRACHEALE DI FROVA STUDIO PROSPETTICO RANDOMIZZATO
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Bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist off label use in short-term prophylaxis in hereditary angioedema
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Clinical challenges in the management of cancer pain: the breakthrough/episodic pain (BT/EP) part one.
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