3,922 research outputs found
Devine, J C, NX11317
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/381647Surname: DEVINE. Given Name(s) or Initials: J C. Military Service Number or Last Known Location: NX11317. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 7344.197711
Item: [2016.0049.13940] "Devine, J C, NX11317
Care to trust? Gender and trust in leaders during the Coronavirus pandemic
No full textThere has been praise of how female leaders have handled the Coronavirus pandemic relative to their male counterparts by presenting a more “caring” leadership. Of similar coverage has been the role of public trust for how successful governments have been in containing outbreaks. In this paper, we build on these two literatures to understand different determinants of trust during the pandemic between men and women. Following social role theory, we argue that female citizens’ trust judgements are more likely to be driven by the perception that leaders are more caring than are men, whilst men's judgements are more likely to be driven by competence judgements than women's. We test this argument using original survey data from three countries. We find that this relationship holds in the United States, but not the United Kingdom or Italy. This adds to variation in gender gaps in the USA and Europe; at the same time, it also suggests that the propensity for women to be less trusting than men is not down to (perceived) leadership traits.</p
Relations between theory of mind and executive function in middle childhood: A short-term longitudinal study
No full textStudies with preschool children have shown significant links between children's executive function (EF) and theory of mind (ToM), but few studies have examined these associations in primary school children. To address this gap, we designed a three-wave cross-lagged longitudinal study in which we followed a group of 113 children (61 boys) across three time points from age 9.5–10.5 years (mean age at Time 1 = 112.3 months, SD = 4.18; mean age at Time 2 = 118.3 months, SD = 4.15; mean age at Time 3 = 124.7 months, SD = 4.06). At each time point, we measured EF (working memory and inhibitory control), ToM, and language. Our analyses showed (a) moderate rank-order stability of individual differences in both EF and ToM and (b) growth in ToM task performance across time. Cross-lagged longitudinal analyses revealed an asymmetric developmental relation between ToM and working memory. Early working memory predicted later ToM but not vice versa. Our results suggest a specific role for working memory in the ongoing development of ToM in middle childhood
The politics of imperial nostalgia
No full textIn post-imperial European states, debates about imperial legacies – centred on issues such as colonial statues, police treatment of minorities, and school curricula – have intensified in recent years. Yet little systematic research examines public attitudes towards empire or their political impact. We develop a framework linking imperial nostalgia with political preferences and present findings from Britain using a national survey and conjoint experiment. First, we identify a distinct public opinion dimension on empire, ranging from nostalgic to critical. Second, we show that imperial nostalgia strongly predicts party evaluations and vote intentions, with effects comparable to those of immigration attitudes and left–right economic values. Finally, a conjoint experiment reveals that elite positions on empire influence voter preferences, but do so asymmetrically: right-wing opposition to criticism of the imperial past is stronger than left-wing support. These findings underscore the contemporary political relevance of imperial nostalgia in post-imperial Europe
Corrigendum: Pneumococcal vaccine impacts on the population genomics of non-typeable haemophilus influenzae: (Microbial Genomics 2021; 9, 10.1099/mgen.0.000209)
No full textThere was a change in the author names in the published article. The new list should read: David W. Cleary1,2, Vanessa T. Devine3, Denise E. Morris1, Karen L. Osman1, Rebecca A. Gladstone4, Stephen D. Bentley4, Saul N. Faust1,5, Stuart C. Clarke1,2,6 1Faculty of Medicine and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK. 2NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton Foundation NHS Trust, Southampton, UK. 3Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine and Clinical Translational Research Innovation Centre, Londonderry, UK. 4Pathogen Genomics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, UK. 5NIHR Southampton Clinical Research Facility, University Hospital Southampton Foundation NHS Trust, Southampton, UK. 6Global Health Research Institute, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.</p
Nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage in the conjugate vaccine era with a focus on pneumococci
No full textSeven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was included in the UK national immunisation program in 2006, and this was replaced by thirteen-valent PCV in 2010. During this time, the carriage of vaccine-type Streptococcus pneumoniae decreased but pneumococcal carriage remained stable due to increases in non-vaccine-type S. pneumoniae. Carriage studies have been undertaken in various countries to monitor vaccine-type replacement and to help predict the serotypes, which may cause invasive disease. There has been less focus on how conjugate vaccines indirectly affect colonization of other nasopharyngeal bacteria. If the nasopharynx is treated as a niche, then bacterial dynamics are accepted to occur. Alterations in these dynamics have been shown due to seasonal changes, antibiotic use, and sibling/day care interaction. It has been shown that, following PCV7 introduction, an eradication of pneumococcal vaccine types has resulted in increases in the abundance of other respiratory pathogens including Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus. These changes are difficult to attribute to PCV7 introduction alone and these studies do not account for further changes due to PCV13 implementation. This review aims to describe nasopharyngeal cocarriage of respiratory pathogens in the PCV era
Psychological predictors in context: an empirical study of interactions between determinants of car use intentions
No full textThis paper is from the PhD work of Wall, the lead author, supervised by Devine-Wright and Mill.
The work described here and in Output 1, and other parts of the thesis from which they were derived, was extensively cited in the DfT (2006) report “An Evidence Base Review of Public Attitudes to Climate Change and Transport Behaviour”
Sarcomatous meningioma: Diagnostic pitfalls and the utility of molecular testing
No full textAnaplastic meningiomas can have a sarcomatous appearance on histology but true sarcomatous (metaplastic) differentiation is rare. These tumors follow an aggressive clinical course with recurrence and poor clinical outcomes. Due to significant overlap in morphology and immunohistochemical profiles, distinguishing between sarcomatous transformation of a meningioma and a true sarcoma can be challenging. Here, we outline potential diagnostic pitfalls and the utility of ancillary molecular testing in 3 patients diagnosed with sarcomatous meningiomas. We report loss of typical meningothelial markers in sarcomatous meningiomas. Ancillary molecular testing can support the diagnosis of sarcomatous meningioma when a molecular signature consistent with meningioma is seen, such as inactivation of the NF2 gene. Recognition of this rare transformation in meningioma can prevent a misdiagnosis of a primary sarcoma, whether sporadic or radiation-induced from prior treatment of a more classic meningioma
Promoting theory of mind during middle childhood::A training program
No full textEvidence that conversations about the mind foster improvements in theory of mind (ToM) is growing, but their efficacy in typically developing school-aged children has yet to be demonstrated. To address this gap, we designed a conversation-based training program for 9- and 10-year-olds and measured its effectiveness by pre- and post-test comparisons of performance on age-appropriate ToM tasks for two groups (matched at pre-test for gender, age, socioeconomic background, verbal ability, reading comprehension, executive functions, and ToM) who were assigned to either the intervention condition (. n=. 45) or an active control condition (. n=. 46). The intervention group showed significantly greater gains in ToM than the control group; this contrast was stable over 2. months, and (in a subsample) the improvement in ToM was independent of any changes in executive functions. Implications for the role of conversations about the mind in children's mental state reasoning are discussed.</p
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