1,720,979 research outputs found
Implementation of liquid organic hydrogen carrier in H2 society: Comprehensive feasibility study on H2 supply chain
No full textSchool of Energy and Chemical Engineering (Chemical Engineering)The environmental issues derived from the usage of fossil fuels as the primary energy source have led to numerous academic, industrial, and political efforts to develop a new energy paradigm. Owing to the significant benefits of H2 from an environmental point of view, various types of efforts to develop the related crucial infrastructure to adopt H2 as the next alternative energy carrier or as the fuel by direct usage have been actively introduced. Meanwhile, regarding one of the important challenges, storage and transportation of H2, in the accomplishment of the new energy paradigm based on H2, conventional methods via compression, liquefaction, and the metal hydride require additional energy to maintain the state or show very low storage density due to the intrinsic weight of the medium. To overcome obstacles of conventional methods to store and transport the hydrogen, the concept of liquid organic hydrogen carrier was introduced as it can store produced H2 in relatively high-pressure conditions ??? hydrogenation ???, exist as the liquid state even at the standard state,
release the stored H2 again by heat supply ??? dehydrogenation ??? and the liquid organic molecules used as the H2 carrier can be recycled in the H2 supply chain.
As the detailed and preliminary feasibility study should be preceded to realize the commercialization of the newly proposed technology, the feasibility analysis model for various H2 supply chains regarding both economic and environmental perspectives is developed here to quantitatively evaluate each investigated scenario. In addition, quantified economic and environmental feasibility of the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation using several liquid organic hydrogen carriers and ammonia is evaluated and used in the developed model to reflect much detailed impact of the concept of liquid organic hydrogen carrier on the H2 supply chain.
In this study, detailed process simulation of both hydrogenation and dehydrogenation processes for eight types of liquid organic hydrogen carrier candidates ??? N-ethylcarbazole, dibenzyltoluene, formic acid, methanol, naphthalene, methylcyclohexane, benzyltoluene, and benzene ??? and ammonia is conducted with the adoption of experimental reaction kinetics. The techno-economic analysis based on the quantified results for the performance of each investigated process obtained from the developed process simulation models is also performed to evaluate unit H2 supply cost for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation processes.
In addition, the environmental assessment in terms of carbon footprint analysis quantifies the CO2 emissions, which were both directly emitted from the reaction and converted by a certain CO2 emission factor.
For the H2 supply chain to H2 fueling stations in South Korea in this study, three types of H2 production methods of steam methane reforming, coal gasification, and water electrolysis are considered and 19 countries of Qatar, Australia, USA, Oman, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Russia as the main liquefied natural gas-abundant exporter, Australia, Russia, Indonesia, Canada, USA, South Africa, Columbia, and Republic of Mozambique as the main coal exporters, and China, USA, Germany, and Italy as main renewable energy exporters are assumed.
Each investigated H2 supply chain, after the production of H2 in each exporting country, consists of procedures of H2 conditioning via compressed H2, liquefied H2, liquid organic hydrogen carriers, or ammonia, short-term storage via cavern, high-pressure tank, cryogenic tank, or oil tank, inland transportation via pipeline or truck, pre-processing to liquefied H2, liquid organic hydrogen carriers, or ammonia, and post-processing to compressed H2, liquefied H2, liquid organic hydrogen carriers, or ammonia with quantified unit H2 supply cost and unit CO2 emissions in the H2 supply chain are quantified.
Based on the developed 520 H2 supply chains and feasibility study models, the effects of the H2 demand, CO2 capture rate, recycle ratio of liquid organic hydrogen carrier, and types of energy sources are investigated in economic, environmental, and comprehensive perspectives by adopting the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution. For the effect of H2 demand, ammonia and methylcyclohexane, methanol and benzene, and ammonia are revealed as promising liquid organic hydrogen carrier candidates from economic,
environmental, and comprehensive points of view. Regarding the effect of the CO2 capture rate, the methanol-based H2 supply chain is suggested as the most environmentally feasible under all CO2 capture rates investigated and the novelty of full adoption of ammonia in the H2 supply chain is shown again in the comprehensive point of view. The analysis of the effect of recycle ratio of liquid organic hydrogen carrier also reveals the novelty of full utilization of ammonia and selective adoption of methylcyclohexane in the H2 supply chain from both economic and environmental points of view. Similar to the effect of recycle ratio of liquid organic hydrogen carrier, full utilization of ammonia and selective adoption of methylcyclohexane show its significant novelty regardless of types of energy sources.
From this dissertation, the feasibility study on the liquid organic hydrogen carrier -implemented H2 supply chain model is developed and economic and environmental promises of the concept of liquid organic hydrogen carrier are suggested.clos
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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