104,185 research outputs found
Portrait of Jay T. Butz
No full textPortrait of Pacific University student Jay T. Butz in his football uniform. He came in Kailua, Hawaii and played as a fullback. He graduated in 1973 with a Bachelor of Science and went on to become a teacher at Tigard High School.[back] Jay Butz, Sr, Kailua, Hawaii, Fullback, footbal
Theodore C. Butz Memorial Carillon
No full textThe Theodore C. Butz Memorial Carillon has 48 bells. The carillon was installed in 1986 with bells made by the Petit and Fritsen Bell Foundry (Aarle-Rixtel, Holland, NL). The carillon was designed by the I. T. Verdin Company (Cincinnati, Ohio, US). The keyboard and transmission were renovated by Meeks, Watson, and Company (Georgetown, Ohio, US) in 2015
The increasing importance of economic conditions on fertility
No full textThis paper investigates whether there has been a fundamental change in the importance of economic conditions on fertility. Through the 1980s econometric studies had found at best a mixed, neutral or negative effect of economic conditions on fertility. Notably, Butz and Ward (1979) concluded that fertility was counter-cyclical, with fertility falling in good times, as the opportunity costs of childbearing rose. More recently, there have been signs that fluctuations in fertility have been pro-cyclical, with good economic times being associated with higher birth rates, and the recent recession with lower birth rates. In this paper, we use panel methods to study short term changes in aggregate fertility and economic measures in OECD countries from 1976-2008. We find indeed that fertility became positively associated with good economic conditions. Furthermore, the increasing importance of economic conditions was detected for both tempo and quantum.economic conditions, total fertility rate
sj-docx-1-bcq-10.1177_23294906221078300 – Supplemental material for Developing Entry-Level Communication Skills: A Comparison of Student and Employer Perceptions
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-bcq-10.1177_23294906221078300 for Developing Entry-Level Communication Skills: A Comparison of Student and Employer Perceptions by Mary Jae Kleckner and Nikolaus T. Butz in Business and Professional Communication Quarterly</p
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
INVIVO STUDY OF THE NUCLEAR-QUADRUPOLE INTERACTION OF 99MO (BETA-99TC IN NITROGENASE OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE
No full textMOTTNER P, LERF A, NI X, BUTZ T, ERFKAMP J, Müller A. INVIVO STUDY OF THE NUCLEAR-QUADRUPOLE INTERACTION OF 99MO (BETA-99TC IN NITROGENASE OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE. In: Hyperfine Interactions. HYPERFINE INTERACTIONS. Vol 61. BALTZER SCI PUBL BV; 1990: 1215-1218
Toward a Theory of Generalization and Learning in XCS
No full textTakes initial steps toward a theory of generalization and learning in the learning classifier system XCS. We start from Wilson's generalization hypothesis, which states that XCS has an intrinsic tendency to evolve accurate, maximally general classifiers. We analyze the different evolutionary pressures in XCS and derive a simple equation that supports the hypothesis theoretically. The equation is tested with a number of experiments that confirm the model of generalization pressure that we provide. Then, we focus on the conditions, termed "challenges," that must be satisfied for the existence of effective fitness or accuracy pressure in XCS. We derive two equations that suggest how to set the population size and the covering probability so as to ensure the development of fitness pressure. We argue that when the challenges are met, XCS is able to evolve problem solutions reliably. When the challenges are not met, a problem may provide intrinsic fitness guidance or the reward may be biased in such a way that the problem will still be solved. The equations and the influence of intrinsic fitness guidance and biased reward are tested on large Boolean multiplexer problems. The paper is a contribution to understanding how XCS functions and lays the foundation for research on XCS's learning complexity
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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