1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Data visualization and crowdsourcing approaches for complex data analysis
No full textState-of-the-art machine learning algorithms (e.g., convolution neural networks, long short term memory recurrent networks) have allowed human-driven analysis to become completely automated. However, there is an increasing need for human supervision and intuition when automating these analyses. The objective of this thesis is to analyze crowdsourcing and human computation in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) systems, which engage human participants to efficiently solve problems that are hard for computers but intuitive for humans. This thesis addresses questions related to problems of data decomposition, visualization, and interpretation from the perspective of HCI. Solution assembly strategies, as well as user motivation, will also be explored.First, to inform the design of HCI systems, data visualization techniques are explored. The goal of this project is to design HCI systems that are convenient for humans and allow data to be easily interpreted. Genomics was a natural choice for this study as the field explore complex data sets (e.g., Hi-C and Experimental ChIP-Sequencing data) that require advance visualization to allow a user to interpret the data. Here, we describe 3DGB, an interactive web-based 3D genome browser that is capable of visualizing and exploring 3D genome structures. 3DGB provides the user with a simplified tool set that improves the interpretability for complex 3D genomic data (like Hi-C), regardless of a user’s background knowledge in genomics.Next, we address the problem of large-scale human collaboration by designing and implementing a multiplayer, real-time simulation, called the 'Market game'. This game-with-a-purpose creates a market simulation to investigate a competitive, yet collaborative, environment for players to solve classical graph theory problem. 'Market game' simulations have allowed us to develop multiple tools that promote and enhance collaboration within a large-scale HCI system.Finally, an application of HCI techniques in cluster analysis is explored. Here, a mobile online human computing game, called `Colony B’, is used to collect human annotations of 2D clustering problems. Our work then characterizes the collection of human-perceived 2D clusters relative to standard automated clustering techniques. The results of this experiment demonstrate the specificity of aggregated human annotations and show that these clusters are approximately the same quality as those produced by clustering algorithms. Colony B is designed to accommodate high dimensionality problems and allows us to address the curse of dimensionality. Finally, we propose two crowdsourcing multidimensional clustering algorithms that partially or entirely rely on aggregated human answers and benchmark them against state-of-the-art fully-automated clustering algorithms.Des algorithmes d’apprentissage automatique de pointe (réseaux de neurones de convolution, réseaux récurrents à mémoire à court et long terme, par exemple) ont permis à l’analyse de données manuelle de devenir complètement automatisée. Cependant, on observe un besoin croissant de supervision humaine et d'intuition lors de l'automatisation de ces analyses. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'analyser le crowdsourcing et le calcul humain dans les systèmes d'interaction homme-machine (IHM), qui engagent les participants humains à résoudre efficacement des problèmes difficiles pour les ordinateurs mais intuitifs pour les humains. Cette thèse aborde des questions liées aux problèmes de décomposition, de visualisation et d’interprétation des données du point de vue de HCI. Les stratégies d'assemblage de solutions, ainsi que la motivation des utilisateurs, seront également explorées.Tout d'abord, pour se familiariser avec la conception des systèmes HCI, nous avons exploré les techniques de visualisation des données. Le but de ce projet est de concevoir des systèmes HCI qui conviennent aux humains et permettent d’interpréter facilement les données. La génomique était un choix naturel pour cette étude, car ce domaine couvre des ensembles de données complexes (par exemple, des données de séquençage PIP et Hi-C expérimentales) qui nécessitent une visualisation avancée pour permettre aux utilisateurs d'interpréter les données. Nous décrivons ici 3DGB, un navigateur Web interactif pour le génome 3D, capable de visualiser et d’explorer les structures du génome 3D. 3DGB fournit aux utilisateurs un ensemble d'outils simplifiés qui améliorent l'interprétation des données génomiques 3D complexes (telles que Hi-C), quelles que soient les connaissances de base de l'utilisateur en génomique.Nous abordons ensuite le problème de la collaboration humaine à grande échelle en concevant et en mettant en œuvre une simulation multijoueur en temps réel, appelée le «jeu du marché». Ce jeu de calcul (GWAP) crée une simulation de marché pour étudier un environnement concurrentiel, mais collaboratif, permettant aux joueurs de résoudre un problème classique de la théorie des graphes. Les simulations de «jeux de marché» nous ont permis de développer de multiples outils qui favorisent et améliorent la collaboration au sein d'un système HCI à grande échelle.Enfin, nous finissons par une application des techniques HCI en analyse par grappe. Ici, un jeu mobile en ligne d’informatique humaine, appelé «Colony B», est utilisé pour collecter des annotations, écrites par l’homme, de problèmes de classification 2D. Notre travail caractérise ensuite la collection de clusters 2D perçus par l'homme par rapport aux techniques de clustering automatisées standards. Les résultats de cette expérience démontrent la spécificité des annotations humaines agrégées et montrent que ces grappes ont approximativement la même qualité que celles produites par les algorithmes de groupement. Colony B est conçu pour prendre en charge les problèmes de haute dimensionnalité et nous permet de faire face à la malédiction de la dimensionnalité. En conclusion, nous proposons deux algorithmes de clustering multidimensionnels en crowdsourcing qui reposent partiellement ou entièrement sur des réponses humaines agrégées et les comparons à des algorithmes de clustering de pointe entièrement automatisés
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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