178,158 research outputs found
Premature loss of maxillary primary incisor and delayed eruption of its successor : report of a case
No full textAIM: Traumatic injuries to primary teeth represent one of the most common aetiologic factors of time-related eruption disturbances of permanent teeth. These include premature eruption, delayed eruption or impactions. CASE REPORT: A case of a 7.5-year-old male with delayed eruption of the maxillary permanent left incisor is presented. The case history revealed a trauma around the age of 3 involving its primary tooth predecessor, and its extraction by a dentist about one year later, due to frequent abscesses. The clinical examination showed an early mixed dentition and the single presence of tooth 11 in the dental arch, with an obvious aesthetic problem that affected the child's self image. The periapical x-ray ruled out any dimorphism on the impacted tooth, and it showed a root developed by two thirds. About 2 months after the examination, a simple gingivectomy was carried out, and the tooth could erupt completely 3 months later without any need for orthodontic traction. One year after surgery, a complete root development could be observed, as well as the presence of the lateral incisors with a moderate crowding
Psychosocial Difficulties in Preschool-Age Children with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome: An Exploratory Study
No full textBeckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a rare overgrowth disease and is not usually associated with intellectual delay. Living with a chronic illness condition such as BWS, however, might affect emotional-behavioral functioning and psychosocial development. To investigate this issue, parents of 30 children with BWS between 1.5 and 6 years old compiled standardized questionnaires assessing the presence of emotional-behavioral and developmental problems. The group mean scores in each scale of behavioral problems fell within the average range. Nevertheless, 23% of the sample presented scores beyond the risk threshold for social withdrawal. As regards psychomotor development, a lower mean score was reliable in the social domain compared to other developmental scales, and in the gross-motor compared to fine-motor functions. Moreover, scores in the at-risk band were reliable in almost half of the children for social development. Notably, older age was overall associated with higher emotional-behavioral and developmental difficulties, while no other socio-demographic or clinical variables accounted for the scores obtained in the questionnaires. These findings ask for a wider consideration by health and educational professionals of the psychosocial functioning of children with BWS, so as to early detect at-risk conditions and eventually promote adequate interventions
Il contagio rivoluzionario
No full textMolti e importanti studi sono stati dedicati al tema della città malata, che attraversa la letteratura greca antica sin dalle sue prime testimonianze e prosegue, ripreso e rielaborato nelle forme più varie, in tradizioni secolari. Meno spesso è stata studiata un’immagine correlata, ma distinta, in cui l’attenzione è rivolta non tanto alla natura della malattia e alla degenerazione del corpo sociale e politico, quanto all’acquisizione del male e alla sua diffusione. Questo saggio analizza alcune occorrenze moderne dell'immagine del contagio rivoluzionario e i riferimenti antichi presenti in queste rielaborazioni
Maternal sensitivity is associated with configural processing of infant's cues in preterm and full-term mothers
No full textBackground: Prematurity may affect mother-infant bonding and alter maternal sensitivity to infant's cues. Efficient perception of infants' facial and bodily cues is a crucial aspect of maternal sensitivity and may be challenged by prematurity, as infants' signals may not be easily intelligible. However, it is still unexplored how premature birth impacts the maternal ability to perceive infants' signals. Aims: To investigate whether prematurity influences the perceptual sensitivity of mothers to infants' cues and, in particular, the configural processing of the faces and bodies of familiar and unfamiliar infants. Study design: The inversion effect paradigm was used to evaluate the configural vs. detail-based processing of the face and body of own or others' infants. Preterm mothers were compared to full-term mothers with either low or high maternal sensitivity. Participants: Forty-three healthy full-term and twenty-one preterm mothers of infants aged about six months. Outcome measures: Maternal sensitivity during dyadic interaction, gestational age, accuracy and reaction time in a delayed matching-to-sample task of upright vs. inverted body and face stimuli (i.e., inversion effect). Results: Preterm mothers were found to be less sensitive than the full-term ones. Higher maternal sensitivity during dyadic interaction was associated with lower inversion effect for unfamiliar as compared to own infants' bodies. However, preterm mothers and full-term mothers with low sensitivity showed comparable inversion effect in perceiving unfamiliar infants' faces or bodies. Conclusions: Preterm birth per se does not directly affect body configural processing, but it may be associated to reduced maternal sensitivity, ultimately leading to a less refined perception of own infant's cues
Premature birth affects visual body representation and body schema in preterm children
No full textResearch has demonstrated that from the first six months of life infants show early sensitivity to body visual features and rely on sensorimotor and proprioceptive inputs in forming representations of their own bodies. Premature birth interferes with typical exposition to visual, sensorimotor and proprioceptive stimulation, thus presumably affecting the development of body representations. Here, we tested this hypothesis by comparing the performance of preterm children with that of age-matched full-term children in two tasks assessing, respectively, visual body processing and body schema. We found that preterm children had spared configural processing but altered holistic processing of others’ bodies and showed a general difficulty in expressing visuospatial judgements on body stimuli. Furthermore, body-centered visuospatial abilities were associated with specific impairments in operating object-based visuospatial transformations. The findings of this study indicate that preterm birth might interfere with the development of body representations at the levels of body visual perceptual processing and of body schema, with effects even on visuo-spatial abilities for non-bodily stimuli. Body-centered rehabilitative interventions should be proposed to preterm children in order to enhance visuo-spatial abilities and higher-level cognitive functions
Traditional plaster casts and dental digital models : intra-examiner reliability of measurements
No full textThe aim of this study was to compare the intra-examiner reliability of measurements made on plaster cast and dental digital models. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five young patients with different occlusal patterns were selected and their dental casts and corresponding digital models were obtained. Twenty expert orthodontists were asked to measure two times both the traditional and digital models. The measurements taken included: lower inter-canine distance, lower inter-molar distance, lower right first molar mesio-distal length, lower right lateral incisor mesiodistal length and overbite. The absolute differences between the two sets of repeated measurements were computed for each of the five couples of parameters and compared with Student's paired T tests. RESULTS: Four parameters showed no statistical difference when the error of measurement of the traditional models was compared to the error of measurement of the digital models. They where the lower inter-canine distance (p = 0.11), the lower inter-molar distance (p = 0.24), the lower right first molar mesio-distal length (p = 0.4), the lower right lateral incisor mesio-distal length (p = 0.39). On the contrary, the error of measurement for the overbite was lower (P < 0.001) for digital models (Mean = 0.24, SD = 0.21) compared to traditional models (Mean = 0.69, SD = 0.53). CONCLUSIONS: Digital and traditional casts offer the same intra-examiner reliability in most cases, but for some measurements, when digital cross sections could help, digital models seem to produce a smaller error
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Maternal sensitivity is associated with configural processing of infant's cues in preterm and full-term mothers
No full textPrematurity may affect mother-infant bonding and alter maternal sensitivity to infant's cues. Efficient perception of infants' facial and bodily cues is a crucial aspect of maternal sensitivity and may be challenged by prematurity, as infants' signals may not be easily intelligible. However, it is still unexplored how premature birth impacts the maternal ability to perceive infants' signals
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