1,720,972 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The concept of process changes in the worker fatigue management system
No full textW artykule przedstawiono założenia zmian procesowych dla systemu zarządzania zmęczeniem pracowników na przykładzie górników węgla kamiennego. Zidentyfikowano podstawowe czynniki wpływające na zmęczenie podczas robót wykonywanych w podziemnych wyrobiskach węgla kamiennego, które mogą zostać zaklasyfikowane do następujących grup: mikroklimat, hałas i jego składowe, drgania, skład powietrza i ruchy powietrza (przepływ), zmiany ciśnień, oświetlenie, promieniowanie, zapylenie, maszyny i środki techniczne, czynniki psychospołeczne, w tym stres wynikający z poczucia zagrożenia życia, inne, jak np. organizacja pracy, stresory życia prywatnego, czynniki osobnicze. Wśród czynników wywołujących zmęczenie szczególnie ważny okazał się czas dojazdu do i z pracy. Zaproponowane działania w ramach zarządzania zmęczeniem oparto na analizie zależności między parami zmiennych, gdzie dla każdej pary wyznaczono kierunek oddziaływania połączenia danych dwóch czynników na zmęczenie oraz jego siły. W ten sposób uzyskano macierz czynników wpływających na zmęczenie wśród pracowników, co z kolei pozwoliło na zbudowanie założeń dla systemu zarządzania zmęczeniem pracowników. W ramach koncepcji systemu zaproponowano rozpoznawanie stanów psychomotorycznych wskazujących na poziom zmęczenia.The article presents the assumptions of process changes for a worker fatigue management system on the example of coal miners. The main factors influencing fatigue during works performed in underground coal mines are identified and can be categorised into the following groups: microclimate, noise and its components, vibration, air composition and air movement (flow), pressure changes, lighting, radiation, dust, machinery and technical measures, psychosocial factors including stress arising from a feeling of own life being threatened and others, such as work organisation, private life stressors, individual factors. Among the factors causing fatigue the travel time to and from work was particularly important. The proposed measures regarding fatigue management are based on an analysis of the relationship between pairs of variables, where for each pair the direction of the impact of connecting two given factors on fatigue and its strengths is set. This resulted in the matrix of factors influencing fatigue among employees, which in turn allowed to make assumptions for the worker fatigue management system. Within the concept of the fatigue management system a subdomain of the recognition of psychomotor states of workers as indicators of the fatigue levels was proposed
Organizacyjne i ergonomiczne uwarunkowania procesów ręcznego pakowania makaronu na przykładzie MŚP
No full textThe motivation for undertaking the research was to identify the possibilities of using specific ergonomic methods to improve working conditions and reduce the risk of musculo- skeletal disorders in the process of manual pasta packaging in an SME in the food industry. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to analyze the applicability of specific ergonomic methods in evaluating the process of improving the manual packaging of pasta. The study was conducted in a Polish pasta manufacturing company, covering two shifts of employees over a period of one month. Direct observation, video analysis, REBA method and Strain Index were used to accurately assess the workload of employees and identify key areas requiring intervention. Based on the research, it was found that the work related to pasta packaging was characterized by a fast pace and unnatural postures, leading to fatigue and overload. Recommendations for company managers include the need for changes such as automation of some manual processes, the use of ergonomic improvements (anti-fatigue mats, ergonomic chairs) and the implementation of organizational solutions (rotation be- tween workstations, employee well-being monitoring system). The main limitations of the study include the focus on only one pasta manufacturing company, which may limit the generalizability of the results, and the limited duration of the study (one month), which may not take into account long-term ergonomic effects.Motywacją do podjęcia badań było zidentyfikowanie możliwości zastosowania określonych metod ergonomicznych w celu poprawy warunków pracy oraz zmniejszenia ryzyka zaburzeń układu mięśniowo-szkieletowego w procesie ręcznego pakowania makaronu w MŚP z branży spożywczej. Dlatego postawiono cel badań, którym była analiza możliwości zastosowania określonych metod ergonomicznych w ocenie procesu usprawniania ręcznego pakowania makaronu. Badanie przeprowadzono w polskiej firmie produkującej makaron, obejmując dwie zmiany pracowników przez miesiąc. Bezpośrednia obserwacja, analiza wideo, metoda REBA oraz Strain Index zostały użyte do dokładnej oceny obciążenia pracowników i identyfikacji kluczowych obszarów wymagających interwencji. Na podstawie badań stwierdzono, że prace związane z pakowaniem makaronu charakteryzowały się szybkim tempem i nienaturalnymi postawami prowadzącymi do zmęczenia i przeciążenia. Zalecenia dla osób zarządzających przedsiębiorstwem obejmują potrzebę zmian, takich jak automatyzacja niektórych procesów manualnych, zastosowanie usprawnień ergonomicznych (maty antyzmęczeniowe, krzesła ergonomiczne) oraz wdrożenie rozwiązań organizacyjnych (rotacje między stanowiskami pracy, system monitorowania dobrostanu pracowników). Do głównych ograniczeń badań należy zaliczyć skupienie się wyłącznie na jednym przedsiębiorstwie produkującym makaron, co może ograniczać możliwość generalizacji wyników oraz ograniczony czas trwania badań (miesiąc), który może nie uwzględniać długoterminowych efektów ergonomicznych
Psychomotor Performance Monitoring System in the Context of Fatigue and Accident Prevention
No full textAbstractPerfecting modern design of technical objects highlights the long-known truth that the human is the most unreliable link in the human-technical object system. However, this is a superficial finding not taking into account the root cause of human error – non-ergonomic working conditions. The desire to improve this situation by increasingly including ergonomic requirements, such as in the design of equipment interfaces, brings significant results. Suitable reduction of fatigue of varying nature, in many cases leads to a reduction in the number of errors among equipment operators. The system model assumes the possibility of a verification of psychomotor status in the workplace directly on the job, not relying on the test results to resume work and only allowing the diagnosis of an undesirable condition. The model is based on, among others, Fitts’ Law. The testing software is a form of web application. Each user has an account on which the results are collected and form the basis for drawing conclusions about the state of fatigue. It is necessary therefore to assume that for dedicated positions there is no risk of distraction by the need for an additional device. Time spent on the task cannot be reduced by the tasks resulting from work. The paradigmatic example of the application of this method can be demonstrated in a study of urban transport vehicles before leaving the initial stop. A study of psychomotor skills can be used as an alternative to the fairly common in some countries testing of alcohol content in exhaled air. There are also breathalyzers integrated in such a way with control of the vehicle, that it is only after the verification of sobriety that one can start the vehicle. There are also no reasons that this check cannot warrant a short psychomotor test
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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