53,152 research outputs found
Judith Butler e il carattere performativo del potere
No full textButler, come Foucault, ritiene che il potere non sia più limitato alla sovranità, ma pervada il tessuto sociale
e abbia, utilizzando il lessico austiniano, un carattere performativo, in quanto produce soggetti “normali” ed esclude gli altri come “anormali”, stabilendo norme di intelligibilità sociale. Butler apprende da Derrida che una norma, come ogni segno, funziona se è iterabile, se può essere citata da tutti i membri di una comunità. Tuttavia, la ripetizione delle formule convenzionali in modi non convenzionali determina anche la possibilità di una riconcettualizzazione controegemonica della politica. Nella performatività sono inscritti sia l'esercizio normalizzante del potere sia una forza di rottura, un potenziale insurrezionale dell'immaginario collettivo, che per Butler si incarna soprattutto nelle performance plurali di protesta critica, come le manifestazioni pubbliche.
La politica performativa è una politica dell' immaginazione, che smantella il presunto ordine naturale, creando possibili alternative
Structure of the human receptor tyrosine kinase met in complex with the Listeria invasion protein InlB
No full textNiemann H, Jager V, Butler PJ, et al. Structure of the human receptor tyrosine kinase met in complex with the Listeria invasion protein InlB. Cell. 2007;130(2):235-246
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Bibliographics for the 983 eprints in the live archives of E-LIS : trends and status report up to 7th July 2004, based on author-self-archiving metadata
No full textThe priority for ideas and philosophy related to "Network Theory" have been traced back and documented by Braun(2004),and credit goes to Karinthy(1929).The IT has empowered to realise it, as the most practical phenomena and it is no more a humour. The OAI (Open Archives Initiatives)and ACIS (Academic Contributor Information System)are progressive in the direction ,which may lead to realise the "Collective Genius" at global level. Focus of present study is on Author-Self-Archiving (A-S-A)Metadata of the 983 Eprints in the Live Archives of the E-LIS (EPrints of Library and Information Science),which were approved till 7th July 2004.The A-S-A Metadata was used for librametric analysis. Self-explanatory bibliographics are illustrated.The highlights include: Conference papers (34%); highest approval, June 2004 (28%); published archives (76%);not refereed (52%); not in public domain (60%); highest self-archiving-author (De Robbio, Antonella).The Nos. of EPrints having single JITA domain specifications were: Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information(27); Information use and sociology of information(80);Users,literacy and reading(13);Libraries as physical collections(30);Publishing and legal issues(57);Management(13);Industry, profession and education(36);Information sources, supports, channels(113) ; Information treatment for information services, Information functions and techniques (101); Technical services libraries, archives and museums(25); Housing technologies(1); Information technology and library technology(92); and Inter-domainery (395) i.e. having specifications of two or more than two JITA classes
Formal Specifications and Verification of Message Ordering Properties in a Broadcasting System using Event B
No full textCausal and total order broadcast has been proposed as a mechanism to provide fault tolerance for constructing reliable distributed systems. The use of formal methods to develop a model of a system, specifying critical properties and the verification of them is a way of obtaining better design of dependable services. Event B is a formal technique which provides a framework for developing mathematical models of distributed systems by rigorous description of the problem, gradually introducing solutions in the refinement steps, and verification of solutions by discharge of proof obligations. In this paper, we present a formal development of a system in Event B where processes communicate by broadcast and the messages are delivered following a causal and a total order. We first present separate models of a broadcast system each for a causal order and a total order. Subsequently, we verify that the models of the system preserves the required ordering properties. Further, we develop a model of a system satisfying both causal and a total order on the messages. Later in the refinement, we outline how these ordering properties can correctly be implemented by the vector clocks. In this approach we discover some interesting invariant properties which describes the relationship of abstract causal and total order with the vector clocks and the sequence numbers
William Butler Yeats e il folklore irlandese
No full textNegli anni fra il 1988 e il 1893 il giovane poeta William Butler Yeats realizzò quattro antologie di leggende e fiabe irlandesi, seguite da una raccolta di saggi sul folklore, in duplice edizione, intitolata The Celtic Twilight(1893; 1902). Queste opere giovanili rappresentano il fulcro dell’intenso rapporto che Yeats sceglie di instaurare con la tradizione folklorica irlandese, da sempre riconosciuta dai critici, primi fra tutti Richard Ellman (1954) e Norman Jeffares (1965), come una delle componenti essenziali - accanto alla passione per le scienze occulte - della sua esperienza di formazione artistica e intellettuale.
Pur riconoscendone la centralità, la critica ha tuttavia tardato a indagare in maniera più approfondita il rapporto di Yeats con il folklore e solo a partire dalla metà degli anni Settanta alcuni studi hanno cominciato a metterne a fuoco la portata, alla luce dei numerosissimi articoli e contributi in conferenze e riviste in cui Yeats sceglie per oggetto motivi ed elementi della tradizione popolare irlandese . In tempi più recenti l’attenzione della critica ha guardato con rinnovato interesse al rapporto di Yeats con il folklore dalla prospettiva dell’etnografia e della antropologia culturale cogliendo nel suo interesse per il folklore un fenomeno figlio della stessa temperie culturale che aveva generato le opere di Frazer e gli studi di Boas e di Malinowski. Secondo Sean Heuston (2011), tale approccio antropologico ed etnografico alle opere di Yeats legate al folklore è quanto mai opportuno e consentirebbe di riequilibrare quell’ipoteca negativa che grava sulla posizione ambivalente di Yeats come figura rappresentativa dell’identità irlandese, compromessa nel suo caso dalla discendenza da una famiglia protestante anglo-irlandese. La possibilità di rileggere l’opera di Yeats da una prospettiva antropologica ed etnografica come un tentativo di andare incontro al popolo irlandese per dargli voce, proprio attraverso la raccolta di materiali del folklore, rappresenterebbe dunque una occasione di rilettura di questo aspetto cruciale dell’opera del poeta e della sua formazione (Heuston 2011)
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Formal Development of a Total Order Broadcast for Distributed Transactions using Event-B
No full textAbstract. In a replicated database system, copies of the database are kept across several sites for fault-tolerance and availability. Data access in such systems is usually done within a transactional framework. A read-only transaction accesses data locally and an update transaction modifies the database at all sites. Total order broadcast primitives have been proposed to support transactions and allow fault-tolerant cooperation between the sites in a distributed system. In this paper, we identify and analyze the problem of formation of deadlocks among conflicting update transactions due to race conditions and outline how a system of total order broadcast prevents deadlocks and transaction failures. Later we outline how a refinement based approach with Event-B can be used for formal development of the models of total order broadcast. In this approach we begin with the abstract model of a total order broadcast and verify that the required ordering properties are preserved by the system. total order can correctly be implemented by using a notion of sequence number. This technique requires us to discharge proof obligations due to consistency and refinement checking. To discharge the proof obligations we are required to discover invariants that describes the relationship between the abstract total order and the underlying mechanism.
Rigorous Design of Fault-Tolerant Transactions for Replicated Database Systems using Event B
No full textSystem availability is improved by the replication of data objects in a distributed database system. However, during updates, the complexity of keeping replicas identical arises due to failures of sites and race conditions among conflicting transactions. Fault tolerance and reliability are key issues to be addressed in the design and architecture of these systems. Event B is a formal technique which provides a framework for developing mathematical models of distributed systems by rigorous description of the problem, gradually introducing solutions in refinement steps, and verification of solutions by discharge of proof obligations. In this paper, we present a formal development of a distributed system using Event B that ensures atomic commitment of distributed transactions consisting of communicating transaction components at participating sites. This formal approach carries the development of the system from an initial abstract specification of transactional updates on a one copy database to a detailed design containing replicated databases in refinement. Through refinement we verify that the design of the replicated database confirms to the one copy database abstraction
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