1,721,111 research outputs found
Forward transport: 14-3-3 binding overcomes retention in endoplasmic reticulum by dibasic signals
Full text linkProteins with dibasic retention motifs are subject to retrograde transport to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by COPI-coated vesicles. As forward transport requires escape from ER retention, general release mechanisms have been expected. Here, KCNK3 potassium channels are shown to bear two cytoplasmic trafficking motifs: an N-terminal dibasic site that binds ?-COP to hold channels in ER and a C-terminal “release” site that binds the ubiquitous intracellular regulator 14-3-3? on a nonclassical motif in a phosphorylation-dependent fashion to suppress ?-COP binding and allow forward transport. The strategy appears to be common. The major histocompatibility antigen class II-associated invariant chain Iip35 exhibits dibasic retention, carries a release motif, and shows mutually exclusive binding of ?-COP and 14-3-3? on adjacent N-terminal sites. Other retained proteins are demonstrated to carry functional 14-3-3? release motif
A general mechanism for forward transport of proteins subject to retention in endoplasmic reticulum via dibasic signals
No full text« Anti-Scientific Skepticism and Early Satires of the Royal Society (1660-1730) : Samuel Butler, Margaret Cavendish and Jonathan Swift »
No full textInternational audienceAs the XVIIth century “scientific revolution” went on, satirists hostile to the rise of experimentalism exploited the sceptical argument according to which scientific theories do not differ in nature from fictions. Critics of the Royal Society, such as Samuel Butler, Margaret Cavendish and Jonathan Swift, staged experimental scientists as fiction-makers. Their writings connect in many ways with the history of scepticism, as they drew their inspiration from Montaigne and more contemporary philosophers. However fanciful, their satires make a case for serious doubts over the possibility of securing some knowledge of nature.L’argument sceptique selon lequel les théories scientifiques pourraient être réduites à des fictions a été exploité au cours du XVIIe siècle par des satiristes hostiles à l’essor de la science nouvelle. Détracteurs de la Royal Society, des auteurs tels que Samuel Butler, Margaret Cavendish et Jonathan Swift ont mis en scène les savants expérimentaux en tant que fabricateurs de fiction. Leur critique de la science doit quelque chose aux arguments sceptiques, car elle s’inspire de leur lecture de Montaigne ou d’autres penseurs plus récents. Aussi plaisantes soient leurs satires, c’est bien la possibilité d’établir une science de la nature qui y est mise en doute
« Anti-Scientific Skepticism and Early Satires of the Royal Society (1660-1730) : Samuel Butler, Margaret Cavendish and Jonathan Swift »
No full textInternational audienceAs the XVIIth century “scientific revolution” went on, satirists hostile to the rise of experimentalism exploited the sceptical argument according to which scientific theories do not differ in nature from fictions. Critics of the Royal Society, such as Samuel Butler, Margaret Cavendish and Jonathan Swift, staged experimental scientists as fiction-makers. Their writings connect in many ways with the history of scepticism, as they drew their inspiration from Montaigne and more contemporary philosophers. However fanciful, their satires make a case for serious doubts over the possibility of securing some knowledge of nature.L’argument sceptique selon lequel les théories scientifiques pourraient être réduites à des fictions a été exploité au cours du XVIIe siècle par des satiristes hostiles à l’essor de la science nouvelle. Détracteurs de la Royal Society, des auteurs tels que Samuel Butler, Margaret Cavendish et Jonathan Swift ont mis en scène les savants expérimentaux en tant que fabricateurs de fiction. Leur critique de la science doit quelque chose aux arguments sceptiques, car elle s’inspire de leur lecture de Montaigne ou d’autres penseurs plus récents. Aussi plaisantes soient leurs satires, c’est bien la possibilité d’établir une science de la nature qui y est mise en doute
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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