8,805 research outputs found
Andrew S. Burt Civil War letter
No full textThis collection contains a letter written by Sailor Andrew S. Burt to his aunt Sarah P. Creter
[Butler Brothers, 500 S. Ervay, Southeast Corner of Ervay and Young]
No full textThe Butler Brothers building.Attributed to: McAfee, George Andrew, 1889-1974. Notes from Finding Aid: 117 Butler Brothers, 500 S. Ervay, southeast Corner of Ervay and Young
Father Andrew Mullen 1790-1818: a study in early nineteenth century spirituality
No full textThis thesis is laid out in three parts: Part I. The life and death of Andrew Mullen. The life is based, to a large extent, on a long letter to his mother, Catherine Mullen, dated 7 January 1810. The letter gives a definite insight into his spirituality based on his membership of the Archconfraternity of the Blessed Sacrament. There is a hint that he had a premonition of an early death. Part II. The burial of Andrew Mullen and the immediate cult to him This is based on documentary evidence. Part III. Most of this part is a catalogue of testimonies taken from 1993 onwards. Then there is the conclusion on the popular devotion to Andrew Mullen stressing the theological aspect of the subject. In the course of writing the thesis it was decided to separate the documentary evidence from the oral tradition. This was advantageous in developing the thesis, and the documents provided a secure basis for the oral tradition. Two pieces of information were found in March 1997. They are death notices: 2 January 1819, The Leinster Journal and 7 January 1819, The Car low Morning Post. There is a slight discrepancy between the two on the date of his death. Also this discrepancy shows a slight difference from the date of the tombstone
Linking Event-B and Concurrent Object-Oriented Programs
No full textAbstractThe Event-B method is a formal approach to modelling systems, using refinement. Initial specification is done at a high level of abstraction; detail is added in refinement steps as the development proceeds toward implementation. In software systems that use concurrent processing it is necessary to provide details of concurrent features before implementation. Our contribution is to show how Event-B models can be linked to concurrent, object-oriented implementations using an intermediate, object-oriented style specification notation. To validate our approach and gain further insight we automated the translation process with an Eclipse plug-in which produces an Event-B model and Java code. We call the new notation Object-oriented Concurrent-B (OC-B). The notation facilitates specification of the concurrent aspects of a development, and facilitates reasoning about concurrency issues in an abstract manner. We abstract away implementation details, such as locking, and provide the developer with a clear view of atomicity using labelled atomic clauses. We build on techniques introduced in UML-B to model object-oriented developments, introducing non-atomic operations and features for specifying implementation level details
Formal modelling for Ada implementations: tasking Event-B
No full textThis paper describes a formal modelling approach, where Ada code is automatically generated from the modelling artefacts. We introduce an implementation-level specification, Tasking Event-B, which is an extension to Event-B. Event-B is a formal method, that can be used to model safety-, and business-critical systems. The work may be of interest to a section of the Ada community who are interested in applying formal modelling techniques in their development process, and automatically generating Ada code from the model. We describe a streamlined process, where the abstract modelling artefacts map easily to Ada language constructs. Initial modelling takes place at a high level of abstraction. We then use refinement, decomposition, and finally implementation-level annotations, to generate Ada code. We provide a brief introduction to Event-B, before illustrating the new approach using small examples taken from a larger case study
From Event-B models to code: sensing, actuating, and the environment
No full textThe Event-B method is a formal approach for modelling systems in safety-, and business-critical, domains. We focus, in this paper, on multi-tasking, embedded control systems. Initially, system specification takes place at a high level of abstraction; detail is added in refinement steps as the development proceeds toward implementation. In previous work, we presented an approach for generating code, for concurrent programs, from Event-B. Translators generate program code for tasks that access data in a safe way, using shared objects. We did not distinguish between tasks of the environment and those of the controller. The work described in this paper offers improved modelling and code generation support, where we separate the environment from the controller. The events in the system can participate in actuating or sensing roles. In the resulting code, sensing and actuation can be simulated using a form of subroutine call; or additional information can be provided to allow a task to read/write directly from/to a specified memory location
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Is this a Public Law Case?
No full textThis article is a revised and updated version of a paper presented at the New Zealand Law Society Intensive on Public Law in September 1998. In it, Andrew Butler demonstrates the breadth of the concept of "public law" by investigating the application provision of the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 and the field of activity susceptible to public law judicial review. He concludes that nowadays a public law case can arise in settings (such as the formulation of common law private law, the interpretations of statutory private law, commercial contracts of public entities, regulatory acts of private bodies) far removed from those traditionally thought of as public law ones
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