1,720,962 research outputs found
Subjective estimation of living environment and its effect on health.
No full textSUMMARY Substantiation: Vilnius is currently one of the fastest growing cities in Lithuania that face significant pollutant emissions, inefficient transport system, inadequate quality of the living environment. The aim of the study: To determine how the residents of the city of Vilnius estimate their living environment and how the living environment affects their health. Objectives: 1. To evaluate the attitude of the residents to the living environment in the city of Vilnius. 2. To evaluate the potencial risk on health of the living environment in the city of Vilnius. 3. To compare the living environment in different neighborhoods of the city of Vilnius. Research methods: The study was conducted from March to April of 2017, using an anonymous electronic survey. Statistical analysis was carried out by using statistical data processing package SPSS 22.0.0.0 and Microsoft Excel 2010 programs. Chi-square (χ2) test was used for analysis of categorical data, Fisher's exact test was used for analysis of categorical data when there were less than 5 expected frequencies, Mann - Whitney - (U) test was applied to compare categorical-ordinal data between the two groups, Kruskal – Wallis test was applied to compare categorical-ordinal data between more than two groups. The differences were considered statistically significant when p was <0.05. Results of the study: 39,5 per cent of respondents face with unpleasant odors in the stairway of residential house / apartment, 41,2 per cent of respondents suffer from the noise of neighboors and for 27,7 per cent of respondents the noise of neighbors interferes rest. With household mold face 32,6 per cent of respondents and the negative effect of household mold feels 15,3 per cent. 24,7 per cent of respondents state that they feel cold in their living room and with health problems due to cold living environment face 23,9 per cent. 41,2 percent are dissatisfied with the quality of sidewalks and 16,8 per cent have had injuries because of messy sidewalks. The quality of air better estimate men (42,2 per cent) than women (31,5 per cent). A common feature of air pollution - respiratory disorders for 48,5 per cent of respondents. The living environment are estimated as good by 44,7 per cent of respondents – more men (64,5 per cent), than woman (57,5 per cent). Conclusions: More respondents are facing with unpleasant odors, neighbor noise, household mold and cold in an old building house/apartment. The majority of respondents in different neighborhoods are facing the problem of parking and messy sidewalks. The majority of respondents in almost all neighborhoods state that there is a lack of parks/playgrounds and convenient communication by bicycles. The living environment in Naujoji Vilnia, Naujamiestis, Viršuliškės, Paneriai, Pilaitė, Justiniškės neighborhoods are estimated as the most favorable
Quality of drinking water subjective evaluation in vilnius city of the health point of view.
No full textThe aim of the study: To determine drinking water quality in point of health in Vilnius city. Objectives: 1. To evaluate Vilniaus city population health perspetcive to drinking water quality; 2. To evaluate Vilnius city residents water consumption habits; 3. To evaluate public opinion about health problems on the quality of drinking water. Research methods: The study was conducted in Vilnius, from February to April of 2016. To conduct this study, a quantitative research method - an anonymous questionnaire was used. Statistical analysis was carried out by using statistical data processing package “IBM SPSS STATISTICS 23”, WinPepi and Microsoft Excel 2010 programs. Chi-square (χ2) test was used for analysis of categorical data, Mann - Whitney - Wilcoxon (W) test was applied to compare categorical-ordinal data between the two groups. The differences were considered statistically significant when p was <0.05. Results of the study: The study found that respondents in Vilnius values their drinking water as well, 47,3 percentage values it good enough and 27,4 percentage as well. Evaluating the organoleptic properties of water, respondets mainly complained about the appearance of turbidity and color changes. The study found that the Vilnius residents drinking water consumption habits. Most of the respondents are interested in the quality of drinking water. On average, respondents consume 2,4L of drinking water per day. More respondents do not think that the packaged drinking water is healthier than water at home. The majority of respondents – 42,2 percentage weld water before consumption, and only 14,2 percentage respondents constantly use water filters and 10.1 percentage uses it only occasionally. Conclusions: Vilnius respondents values drinking water as well enough. On average, respondents consume 2,4 liters of drinking water per day. Most respondents complained about drinking water changed color and turbidity. Health problems related to the quality of drinking water only had 2,4 percentage of respondents. Evaluation of the organoleptic properties of drinking water more than half of people were not satisfied with drinking water transparency and color. Less remarks respondents had drinking water smell and taste
Subjective evaluation of noise in the living environment.
No full textThe aim of the study: To evaluate the subjective views of Vilnius city adults on level of noise in their living environment and it‘s influence on human health. Objectives: 1. To determine what influence does respondents’ residence, sex and age have on evaluation of level of noise. 2. To evaluate the respondents’ health complaints which occur due to exposure to constant elevated sound levels. 3. To assess the respondents’ knowledge levels of noise and its impact on human health. Research methods: The subjective views of Vilnius city adults on level of noise in their living environment was evaluated from February to April of 2017. The study was carried out by using an anonymous questionnaire. Statistical analysis was carried out by using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 and Microsoft Excel 2010 programs. Chi-square (χ2), Fisher‘s exact and Mann – Whitney – Wilcoxon (W) tests was used for data analysis. The differences were considered statistically significant when p was ≤ 0,05. Results of the study: The study has shown that the noise levels in the respondents living environment and household was classified as low (41,25 percent and 47,5 percent). The highest noise levels were detected in the central part of Vilnius. Men evaluated noise in their household lower than women. Both men and women consider level of noise in their household equally low. The younger part of the respondents evaluates the noise in their household and living environment better than the older people. While exposed to high levels of noise 66,2 percent of respondents need more time to fall asleep, 43,6 percent feel tired in the morning. The most common complains that emerge because of noise are – irritability, anxiety (61,8 percent), difficulty to concentrate (61,3 percent) or to relax (61,3 percent), the most frequent health disorder – headaches (42,4 percent). The biggest part of respondents (38,2 percent) think that their knowledge about noise influence on health is medium. Almost all test questions were answered correctly by most of respondents. However, most of respondents could not answer to one of the questions. Conclusions: The main source of noise in Vilnius city is caused by car transport. The most frequent noise in the living environment of Vilnius citizens is – household noise. The highest discomfort levels are caused by household and construction noise. The level of noise in Vilnius city is evaluated as low. The most discomforting it was found by women older than 45 years of age, who live in the center of the city. The lowest noise levels are detected on winter season from 23:00 to 05:00 o’clock. The noise causes Vilnius citizens many complains and health disorders
Interaction between age and quality of life conditioned by the health.
No full textThe objective was to analyze systematic connections between social factors and the quality of life conditioned by the health of city residents. Was determined: different determination forms condition different priorities of the change of life quality under the different age. Interaction of the quality of life and the social factors with the age forms latent integral factors of the quality of life. Change of the quality of life and age links is indirect social process. As the time increases the social risk of the quality of life is also increasing. The quality of life of Vilnius city residents is mostly influenced by integral effect of the physical and social health
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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