1,246,790 research outputs found
LEARNING ABOUT THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN NURSERY SCHOOL IN ROGAŠKA SLATINA
No full textPOVZETEK IN KLJUČNE BESEDE
V diplomskem delu z naslovom Spoznavanje in pomen naravnega okolja v rogaških vrtcih prestavljamo naravno okolje, njegov vpliv in pomen za človeka oz. otroka. V teoretičnem delu se osredotočamo na pomen narave za otrokov vsestranski razvoj, predstavljamo vlogo odraslih pri spoznavanju narave in možnosti uresničevanja ciljev s področja narave v vsakdanjih dejavnostih v vrtcu.
Empirični del predstavlja raziskava, v kateri smo ugotavljali, kako velik poudarek dajejo vzgojiteljice in pomočnice naravnemu okolju v vrtcih v Rogaški Slatini. Z metodo anketiranja in obdelavo pridobljenih podatkov smo ugotavljali: kako pogosto otroci rogaških vrtcev zahajajo v naravno okoljekaj za njih sploh je naravno okoljekakšna je njihova vloga pri spoznavanju naravnega okoljaali se vzgojiteljem zdi pomembno, da otroci zahajajo v naravno okolje v vseh letnih časih in vseh vremenskih razmerahkaj je tisto, zaradi česar otroci ne zahajajo pogosteje v naravoali imajo v igralnici naravoslovni kotiček ter ali otroci izražajo interes, veselje ter voljo za odhod v naravno okolje. Ob koncu so vzgojiteljice in pomočnice podale mnenje o tem, kaj bi bilo potrebno storiti, da bi otroci pogosteje zahajali v naravo.The diploma paper with the title Learning about the natural environment and its importance in nursery schools in Rogaška Slatina presents environmental education with its significance and impact on children. The theoretical part concentrates on the importance of nature in children\u27s versatile development, introduces the role of adults in researching nature and possibilities of achieving environmental aims in the nursery school everday activities.
The empirical part presents the research in which we wanted to find out what importance do nursery school teachers and assistants give to natural environment in Rogaška Slatina nursery schools. By processing the data from the questionnaires we wanted to find out how much time do children in Rogaška Slatina nursery schools spend in nature, what do children think the natural environment is, what is their role in the process of researching natural environment, do nursery school teachers think spending time in nature is necessary in all seasons regardless the weather conditions, what keeps children away from natural environment, is there a science corner in their playroom, and do children show interest in spending time in nature. Nursery school teachers and assistants stated their opinions on the possibilities for children to spend even more time in nature
Un progetto relazionale / A Relational Project
No full textIl testo propone una rilettura critica dell’urbanistica occidentale, tradizionalmente fondata sulle categorie di identità e separazione, attraverso l’introduzione del paradigma del “progetto relazionale”. Ripercorrendo gli archetipi di Ippodamo e Romolo, l'autore analizza l’evoluzione dell’urbanistica moderna come risposta tecnica e funzionalista alle crisi dell’industrializzazione. Di fronte alle sfide dell’Antropocene – collasso climatico, diseguaglianze, migrazioni – viene proposto un cambio di paradigma: pensare il territorio come volume ecologico, abitato da molteplici soggettività (umane, animali, vegetali, minerali, idriche, atmosferiche) interagenti in forme complesse e interdipendenti. Il progetto relazionale si fonda su affetti, processualità, coesistenza, e giustizia ecologica, rigettando l’idea di un futuro lineare per abbracciare l’incertezza come spazio fertile del “non-ancora”. Un’alternativa ontologica e pragmatica, orientata alla produzione di infrastrutture della vita e condizioni di abitabilità condivisa
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Surfactant protein D modulates HIV infection of both T-cells and dendritic cells
No full textSurfactant Protein D (SP-D) is an oligomerized C-type lectin molecule with immunomodulatory properties and involvement in lung surfactant homeostasis in the respiratory tract. SP-D binds to the enveloped viruses, influenza A virus and respiratory syncytial virus and inhibits their replication in vitro and in vivo. SP-D has been shown to bind to HIV via the HIV envelope protein gp120 and inhibit infectivity in vitro. Here we show that SP-D binds to different strains of HIV (BaL and IIIB) and the binding occurs at both pH 7.4 and 5.0 resembling physiological relevant pH values found in the body and the female urogenital tract, respectively. The binding of SP-D to HIV particles and gp120 was inhibited by the presence of several hexoses with mannose found to be the strongest inhibitor. Competition studies showed that soluble CD4 and CVN did not interfere with the interaction between SP-D and gp120. However, soluble recombinant DC-SIGN was shown to inhibit the binding between SP-D and gp120. SP-D agglutinated HIV and gp120 in a calcium dependent manner. SP-D inhibited the infectivity of HIV strains at both pH values of 7.4 and 5.0 in a concentration dependent manner. The inhibition of the infectivity was abolished by the presence of mannose. SP-D enhanced the binding of HIV to immature monocyte derived dendritic cells (iMDDCs) and was also found to enhance HIV capture and transfer to the T-cell like line PM1. These results suggest that SP-D can bind to and inhibit direct infection of T-cells by HIV but also enhance the transfer of infectious HIV particles from DCs to T-cells in vivo
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Mitochondrial targeting of cyclosporin A enables selective inhibition of cyclophilin-D and enhanced cytoprotection after glucose and oxygen deprivation
No full textCsA (cyclosporin A) is a hydrophobic undecapeptide that inhibits CyPs (cyclophilins), a family of PPIases (peptidylprolyl cis–trans isomerases). In some experimental models, CsA offers partial protection against lethal cell injury brought about by transient ischaemia; this is believed to reflect inhibition of CyP-D, a mitochondrial isoform that facilitates formation of the permeability transition pore in the mitochondrial inner membrane. To evaluate this further, we have targeted CsA to mitochondria so that it becomes selective for CyP-D in cells. This was achieved by conjugating the inhibitor to the lipophilic triphenylphosphonium cation, enabling its accumulation in mitochondria due to the inner membrane potential. In a cell-free system and in B50 neuroblastoma cells the novel reagent (but not CsA itself) preferentially inhibited CyP-D over extramitochondrial CyP-A. In hippocampal neurons, mitochondrial targeting markedly enhanced the capacity of CsA to prevent cell necrosis brought about by oxygen and glucose deprivation, but largely abolished its capacity to inhibit glutamate-induced cell death. It is concluded that CyP-D has a major pathogenic role in ‘energy failure’, but not in glutamate excitotoxicity, where cytoprotection primarily reflects CsA interaction with extramitochondrial CyPs and calcineurin. Moreover, the therapeutic potential of CsA against ischaemia/reperfusion injuries not involving glutamate may be improved by mitochondrial targeting
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