1,720,987 research outputs found
Gender Stereotypes in Film Language: A Corpus-Assisted Analysis
Full text linkThe present study concentrates on the representation and the reception of gender stereotypes. The analysis was first
carried out on an ad hoc corpus of cult romantic comedies and dramedies of AngloAmerican pop contemporary culture and secondly with a perception test. Both the corpus-driven analysis and the test results provide useful insights into the representation, recognition and entrenchment of gender stereotypes in language and in western culture. The preliminary findings generally confirm and validate the scientific literature, although showing some notable new elements
Italian VerbNet: A Construction-based Approach to Italian Verb Classification
Full text linkThis paper proposes
a new method for Italian verb classification
-and a preliminary example of resulting classes
- inspired by Levin
(1993) and VerbNet (Kipper
-Schuler, 2005), yet partially
independent
from these resources
; we achieved such a result by integrating
Levin and VerbNet’s models of classifica
tion with other theoretic frameworks and resources. The classification is rooted in the
constructionist framework (Goldberg, 1995; 2006) and
is
distribution
-based. It is also semantically
characterized by a link to
FrameNet’s
semantic
frame
sto represent the
event
expressed by a class. However, the new Italian classes maintain the hierarchic “tree”
structure and monotonic nature of VerbNet’s classes, and, where possible,
the original name
s (e.g.: Verbs of Killing, Verbs of Putting,
etc.). We therefore propose here a taxonomy compatible with VerbNet but at the same time adapted to Italian syntax and semant
ics. It
also
addresses
a number of problems intrinsic to the original classifications, such as the role of argument alternations, here regarded
simply as epiphenomena
, consistently with the constructionist approach
Constructional associations trump lexical associations in processing valency coercion
Full text linkThe paper investigates the interaction of lexical and constructional meaning in valency coercion processing, and the effect of (in)compatibility between verb and construction for its successful resolution (Perek, Florent & Martin Hilpert. 2014. Constructional tolerance: Cross-linguistic differences in the acceptability of non-conventional uses of constructions. Constructions and Frames 6(2). 266–304; Yoon, Soyeon. 2019. Coercion and language change: A usage-based approach. Linguistic Research 36(1). 111–139). We present an online experiment on valency coercion (the first one on Italian), by means of a semantic priming protocol inspired by Johnson, Matt A. & Adele E. Goldberg. 2013. Evidence for automatic accessing of constructional meaning: Jabberwocky sentences prime associated verbs. Language & Cognitive Processes 28(10). 1439–1452. We test priming effects with a lexical decision task which presents different target verbs preceded by coercion instances of four Italian argument structure constructions, which serve as primes. Three types of verbs serve as target: lexical associate (LA), construction associate (CA), and unrelated (U) verbs. LAs are semantically similar to the main verb of the prime sentence, whereas CAs are prototypical verbs associated to the prime construction. U verbs serve as a mean of comparison for the two categories of interest. Results confirm that processing of valency coercion requires an integration of both lexical and constructional semantics. Moreover, compatibility is also found to influence coercion resolution. Specifically, constructional priming is primary and independent from compatibility. A secondary priming effect for LA verbs is also found, which suggests a contribution of lexical semantics in coercion resolution – especially for low-compatibility coercion coinages
Valency coercion in Italian
Full text linkThe paper investigates valency coercion effects in Italian by means of anacceptability rating task on nine argument structure constructions. Theexperimental design followsPerek & Hilpert (2014)in presenting threeconditions: grammatical, impossible and coercion stimuli. This designallows us to test several factors: the acceptability of creative coercedstructures, the role of age and– most importantly– the influence of theconstruction itself. Results overall confirm our hypotheses: valencycoercion is identified as an intermediate level between grammaticality andungrammaticality, with varying degrees of “coercibility” acrossconstructions. An influence of age is not in evidence for coercion sentences,suggesting that the systematic variation in acceptability is due to theinfluence of different constructions. We propose that coercion resolutionresults from the interaction of constructional and lexical semantics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The mediatization of femicide:a corpus-based study on the representation of gendered violence in Italian media
Full text linkThis methodological study deploys hybrid techniques to investigate how femicide is framed in media. Results are consistent with ISTAT data and with the literature, and also offer novel insights. We find a tendency of not holding offenders accountable; that most femicides are perpetrated by men that victims know well; and that mediatic discourse around such crimes increases in certain circumstances and moments of the year. The analysis of the docu-fiction Amore Criminale reveals that metaphors are frequently used to sketch the participants’ sociopsychological portraits. Iconic speech and gestures are frequently employed by interviewees to report and mime episodes of violence. Questo studio propone un metodo ibrido per indagare la rappresentazione linguistica del femminicidio nei media italiani. I risultati sono coerenti con i dati ISTAT e con la letteratura, e offrono nuovi spunti di riflessione. Si riscontra: una tendenza a deresponsabilizzare i colpevoli; che la maggior parte dei delitti sono compiuti da uomini vicini a esse; e che su tali delitti i media si concentrano in specifiche circostanze e momenti dell’anno. L’analisi sulla docu-fiction Amore Criminale rivela che per delineare ritratti sociopsicologici di vittime e carnefici si impiegano metafore, mentre per descrivere/mimare episodi di violenza si impiegano strategie iconich
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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