1,720,973 research outputs found
A GWAS top hit for circulating leptin is associated with weight gain but not with leptin protein levels in lithium-augmented patients with major depression
No full textLithium-treated patients often suffer from weight gain as a common adverse event. In an earlier investigation, we found an impact of two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs10487506 and rs2278815) at the leptin gene on weight gain but not on leptin protein levels in serum under lithium augmentation. A recent genome-wide association study identified a polymorphism at the leptin gene locus (rs10487505) associated with circulating leptin protein levels. To characterize potential effects of this variant in acute major depressive disorder, we investigated body mass indices from 180 lithium-augmented patients and serum concentrations of leptin protein from 89 patients using linear mixed model analyses and rs6979832, a proxy SNP of rs10487505. Body mass index was measured before and after 4 weeks of lithium augmentation, in a subsample also after 4 and 7 months. Leptin serum levels were measured before and during lithium augmentation. G-allele homozygotes of rs6979832 had a significantly lower body mass index increase during observation compared to A-allele hetero- and homozygotes. However, we found no influence on leptin serum levels. Joint analyses of rs6979832 with the previously investigated polymorphisms rs10487506 and rs2278815, and expressed quantitative trait data, suggest a complex interplay between SNP alleles at the leptin locus. These results strongly support our earlier findings that common genetic variation at the leptin gene locus may be involved in lithium augmentation-associated weight gain in major depressive disorder
Preoperative depression and hospital length of stay in surgical patients
No full textEinleitung: Bei operativen Patienten wurde bislang die Assoziation von
Depressivität und Krankenhausverweildauer vor allem in der kardiovaskulären
Chirurgie untersucht. Sehr selten sind Studien aus anderen chirurgischen
Fachgebieten. In dieser Studie soll untersucht werden, ob klinisch relevante
Depressivität bei Patienten diverser chirurgischer Gebiete mit der
Krankenhausverweildauer assoziiert ist. In der Analyse sollen wesentliche
somatische Einflussfaktoren auf die Krankenhausverweildauer berücksichtigt
werden. Methodik: In dieser prospektiven Beobachtungsstudie wurden 2.624
operative Patienten aus der Anästhesieambulanz der Klinik für Anästhesiologie
mit Schwerpunkt operative Intensivmedizin der Charité - Universitätsmedizin
Berlin eingeschlossen. Vor der Prä- medikationsvisite wurde eine
computergestützte Lebensstilbefragung durchgeführt, die unter anderem
verschiedene psychosoziale Selbstbeurteilungsfragebögen beinhaltete. Es wurden
zur Erfassung von Depressivität drei standardisierte Screeninginstrumente
eingesetzt: Allgemeine Depressionsskala (ADS-K), World Health Organization
5-Item Well-Being Index (WHO-5) und Two-Item Patient Health Questionnaire
(PHQ-2). Sechs Monate nach der Operation wurden aus elektronischen
Datenverwaltungssystemen der Klinik ergänzende peri- und postoperative
somatische Patientencharakteristika entnommen. Ergebnisse: Patienten mit
klinisch relevanter Depressivität auf der ADS-K (n=296; Median: 5 Tage,
Interquartilbereich: 3-8 Tage) zeigten eine statistisch signifikant höhere
Krankenhausverweildauer (p<0,001) als Patienten ohne klinisch relevante
Depressivität (n=2.328; Median: 4 Tage, Interquartilbereich: 2-6 Tage). In der
multivariaten binär-logistischen Regression mit der abhängigen Variable
Krankenhausverweildauer (kleiner oder gleich Median versus über dem Median)
zeigte die klinisch relevante Depressivität (gemessen mit der ADS-K) eine
statistisch unabhängige Assoziation mit der Krankenhausverweildauer (OR: 1,822
[95% CI 1,360–2,441], p<0,001) bei gleichzeitiger Berücksichtigung von Alter,
Geschlecht, Klassifikation der American Society of Anesthesiologists, Charlson
Comorbidity Index, chirurgischem Fachgebiet und Operationsschwere aus dem
Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality
and Morbidity. Unabhängig vom Erhebungsinstrument der Depressivität hat sich
in den jeweiligen Regressionsmodellen die klinisch relevante Depressivität als
signifikanter Prädiktor für die Krankenhausverweildauer herausgestellt (ADS-K
p<0,001, WHO-5 p=0,003, PHQ-2 p=0,023). Darüber hinaus konnte in einem
erweiterten Regressionsmodell gezeigt werden, dass klinisch relevante
Depressivität ein unabhängiger statistisch signifikanter Prädiktor (p<0,001)
für erhöhte Krankenhausverweildauer bleibt, wenn weitere soziodemographische
Charakteristika sowie klinische Risikofaktoren für Depressivität
(Partnerschaftsstatus, Erwerbstätigkeitsstatus, Schulbildung, Body Mass Index,
Raucherstatus, alkoholkonsumbezogene Störungen und Drogenkonsum)
berücksichtigt werden. Schlussfolgerung: Die Assoziation zwischen klinisch
relevanter Depressivität und erhöhter Krankenhausverweildauer ist signifikant
unabhängig von Alter, Geschlecht, Schwere der somatischen Komorbidität,
Schwere der Operation und chirurgischem Fachgebiet. Patienten mit klinisch
relevanter Depressivität haben ein 82% höheres Risiko für einen längeren
Krankenhausaufenthalt als Patienten ohne klinisch relevante Depressivität. Ein
möglicher Behandlungsansatz wäre die Einführung eines multimodalen
psychosozialen Stufenkonzepts in die Routineversorgung operativer Patienten,
das es ermöglicht, klinisch relevante Depressivität im Rahmen einer
Screeninguntersuchung zu erkennen und belasteten Patienten adäquate
psychotherapeutische und psychiatrische Interventionen anzubieten.Background: Until now the association between depression and hospital length
of stay has rarely been examined in surgical patients outside of
cardiovascular surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether
clinically relevant preoperative depression shows an independent association
with hospital length of stay in patients from various surgical fields, after
adjusting for age, gender and important somatic factors. Methods: In this
prospective observational study, a total of 2.624 surgical patients were
included at the preoperative assessment clinics of the Department of
Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin
Berlin, Germany. Data were collected before the preoperative anesthesiological
examination within a computer-assisted psycho- social self-assessment
including three screening instruments for depression: Center for Epidemiologic
Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), World Health Organization 5-Item Well- Being
Index (WHO-5) and Two-Item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2). Data on peri-
and postoperative somatic parameters were obtained from the hospital’s
electronic patient management system six months after the preoperative
assessment. Results: The hospital length of stay of patients with clinically
relevant depression on the CES-D (n=296; median: 5 days, interquartile range:
3-8 days) was significantly longer (p<0,001) than for patients without
depression (n=2.328; median: 4 days, interquartile range: 2-6 days). A
multivariate logistic regression model with the binary dependent variable
hospital length of stay (below or equal to the median versus above the median)
showed that the significant association between depression and hospital length
of stay persisted (OR: 1,822 [95% CI 1,360–2,441], p<0.001) when
simultaneously including the covariates age, gender, classification of the
American Society of Anesthesiologists, Charlson Comorbidity Index, surgical
field and operative severity rating from the Physiological and Operative
Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and Morbidity. Independent of
the screening instruments, depression was a significant predictor for hospital
length of stay (CES-D p<0,001, WHO-5 p=0,003, PHQ-2 p=0,023). Furthermore, it
was shown in an expanded regression model that the association between
depression and hospital length of stay (p<0.001) remained independent even
when including other sociodemographic characteristics and clinical risk
factors for depression (partnership status, employment status, education, Body
Mass Index, smoking status, alcohol use disorders and drug use). Conclusion:
Data suggest that the association of depression and hospital length of stay is
independent of the impact of age, gender, and the somatic factors surgical
field, preoperative physical health, severity of medical comorbidity and
extent of surgical procedure. The risk of having a hospital length of stay
above the median was 82% higher in patients with clinically relevant
depression than in patients without clinically relevant depression. Therefore
a multimodal psychosocial stepped care approach of depression therapy might be
integrated in routine care of surgical patients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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