5,213 research outputs found
The dynamics of closeness and betweenness
No full textBuechel B, Buskens V. The dynamics of closeness and betweenness. Working Papers. Institute of Mathematical Economics. Vol 398. Bielefeld: Universität Bielefeld; 2008.Although both betweenness and closeness centrality are claimed to be important for the effectiveness of someone's network position, it has not been explicitly studied which networks emerge if actors follow incentives for these two positional advantages. We propose such a model and observe that network dynamics differ considerably in a scenario with either betweenness or closeness incentives compared to a scenario in which closeness and betweenness incentives are combined. Considering social consequences, we find low clustering when actors strive for either type of centrality. Surprisingly, actors striving for closeness are likely to reach networks with relatively low closeness and high betweenness, while this is the other way round for actors striving for betweenness. This shows that in both situations the network formation process implies a social dilemma in which the social optimum is not reached by individual optimizing
An Experiment on the Effects of Embeddedness in Trust Situations
No full textThis vignette experiment was designed to study the effects of temporal embeddedness and network embeddedness in trust situations. The experiment uses a setting in which a buyer wants to buy a used car from a car dealer. We distinguish between effects on trust of the past relation and the effects of the expected future relation between the buyer and the dealer. A buyer can learn about the trustworthiness of the dealer from past transactions of the dealer. Moreover, the buyer can control the dealer if the buyer and the dealer expect more transactions in the future, because the buyer may sanction the dealer if the dealer would act untrustworthy in the present transaction, for example, by refraining from future transactions. Temporal embeddedness facilitates learning and control through the bilateral relation of the buyer and the dealer, while network embeddedness facilitates learning and control through third parties. In the experiment, subjects are asked to compare different settings for buying a used car, while the relation between the buyer and dealer is varied in these settings.
Three sessions of data collection were held. In total 125 subjects participated in the different sessions of the experiment, providing answers to 1249 pairs of vignettes.
Different publications in which (parts of) the analyses are reported;
o Buskens, Vincent and Jeroen Weesie (2000). An Experiment on the Effects of Embeddedness in Trust Situations: Buying a Used Car. Rationality and Society 12, 227-253. - https://doi.org/10.1177/104346300012002004
o Buskens, Vincent and Werner Raub (2002). Embedded Trust: Control and Learning. Advances in Group Processes 19, 167-202.
o Buskens, Vincent (2002). Social Networks and Trust. Boston/Dordrecht/London: Kluwer Academic Publishers [revised version of dissertation]
Supplemental Material - Graduated sanctioning, endogenous institutions and sustainable cooperation in common-pool resources: An experimental test
No full textSupplemental Material for Graduated sanctioning, endogenous institutions and sustainable cooperation in common-pool resources: An experimental test by Fijnanda van Klingeren and Vincent Buskens in Rationality and Society.</p
Education and Training in St. Vincent and the Grenadines: A Partially Annotated Bibliography
No full textThis bibliography on “Education and Training in St. Vincent and the Grenadines” has been specifically prepared for the UWI School of Continuing Studies’ St. Vincent and the Grenadines Conference. It covers all aspects of education and training in St. Vincent and the Grenadines including: Academic achievement,economics of education, educational infrastructure, literacy and mathematics education
Supplemental Material - Building a reputation for trustworthiness: Experimental evidence on the role of the feedback rate
No full textSupplemental Material for Building a reputation for trustworthiness: Experimental evidence on the role of the feedback rate by Ruohuang Jiao, Wojtek Przepiorka, and Vincent Buskens in Rationality and Society</p
Supplementary Material, Supplementary_material_771428 – Individual training and employees’ cooperative behavior: Evidence from a contextualized laboratory experiment
No full textSupplementary Material, Supplementary_material_771428 for Individual training and employees’ cooperative behavior: Evidence from a contextualized laboratory experiment by Nikki van Gerwen, Vincent Buskens and Tanja van der Lippe in Rationality and Society</p
How Networks Facilitate Trust: A Synthesis on Control Effects
No full textData and code for the manuscript "How Networks Facilitate Trust: A Synthesis on Control Effects" by T. B. Volker, V. Buskens and W. Raub
Trust in Embedded Settings: Third-Party Effects
No full textThis laboratory experiment was designed to disentangle effects of various types of
information stemming from dyadic and network embeddedness. More precisely, this experiment
represents an empirical test in which relative complex arguments to trust, such as learning and control
effects, are compared with other “simpler” heuristics, such as imitation or social comparison.
In this experiment, groups of actors embedded in small networks play a repeated Investment Game (Berg et
al. 1995) and exchange information concerning their own behavior as well as their partner’s behavior
in the game. The manipulation of information exchange resembles the experiment conducted by Güth
et al. (2001): Egos know exactly what happened to other Egos in some conditions and they know only
the choices of the other Egos, but not the related choices of the Alters in other conditions. We also
vary uncertainty in the sense that the choices of Alters are ambiguous for Egos in some conditions.
Two publications based on these data;
o Barrera, Davide (2005). Trust in Embedded Settings. Utrecht University PhD thesis (the data are used in Chapter 3).
o Barrera, Davide and Vincent Buskens (2009). Chapter 2: Third-Party Effects. Pp. 37-72 in Karen S. Cook, Chris Snijders, Vincent Buskens, and Coye Cheshire. eTrust: Forming Relationships in the Online World. New York: Russell Sage
Spreading information and developing trust in social networks to accelerate diffusion of innovations
No full textBackground: New food technologies developed by producers who want to spread their innovation require potential new adopters to receive information about the innovation as well as to develop trust about the appropriateness and quality of the new technology. Social networks are key for spreading information and for developing trust. In this essay, I will summarize sociological knowledge about how the structure of social networks can accelerate or inhibit innovation diffusion among consumers. Scope and approach: Innovation adoption is mostly a multistage process in which potential adopters/consumers need to obtain information first. A second step towards adoption is developing appreciation for the advantages of the innovation. A third step is the development of trust that the new product or technology indeed brings the advantages that it promises. I will explain based on existing literature why and in what manner, different structural properties of social networks are crucial for the consumer side of the adoption process. Key findings and conclusions: While for information diffusion predominantly the number of channels through which information can flow is important, and prevention of redundant information transfers helps to speed up information, the appreciation for the advantages of the innovation will require some redundancy and recurrent confirmation of the success of the innovation. To develop trust, even more confirmation is likely to be important and close social circles in which people repeatedly meet and know each other's acquaintances are known to be especially beneficial to create trust
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