1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Atomic force microscopy assisted with electron and ion beam microscopy for the direct measurement of biostructures and DNA samples
Get PDFDissertation to obtain a Master degree in BiotechnologyStudies of atomic force microscopy (AFM), a technique commonly associated with material sciences, in the field of biotechnology, with special emphasis on molecular biology and bionanotechnology elements, are presented herein. DNA, insulin and restriction enzymes were analysed as isolated objects, in order to document properties like morphology and behaviour, and also on the interactions between each other. The interaction between DNA and the EcoRV restriction endonuclease was especially highlighted. Gold nanoparticles were also studied in an attempt to establish a relationship between functionalization and average diameter shifts, as perceived by AFM. Given the nature of these objects of study, both immobilization and preparation protocols were modified and evaluated, considering measurements in air or in liquid. To serve the objective of developing probes with higher sensitivity and resolution, especially for liquid measurements, AFM cantilevers were modified through metallic coatings and scanning electron microscopy assisted with focused ion beam (SEM-FIB). Tests performed with these probes confirmed that the modifications were successful, the probes are functional and can aid in the production of better quality images, through the acquisition of sharper data in comparison with non-modified probes
ELABORATION ET CARACTERISATION DE QUELQUES DIELECTRIQUES A<br />FORTE PERMITTIVITE AVEC APPLICATION EN MICROELECTRONIQUE :<br />INFLUENCE DE LA STRUCTURE DU RESEAU SUR LEs PROPRIETES<br />ELECTRIQUES
No full textThe study exposed here deals with the new materials that can be integrated within memories and other applications based on MOS transistors. This document is separated into three main chapters. The first chapter deals with fabrication requirements of devices. A state of the art is established, together with the industrial objectives at short term. This first section is important to provide the basic knowledge, in order to understand why considerable investment is done about materials and associated research in the microelectronics industry. The second chapter deals with fabrication methods of insulating materials studied here. We also describe characterization methods used to study physical and electrical properties of these materials. Several examples help the reader to understand the method adopted in this study. The last chapter is dedicated to a summary of my contributions to international scientific journals and conferences. It is divided into three main parts. The first and second deal with properties of aluminium- lanthanum silicates, and rare earth oxides obtained by various methods and processing. These results, together with previous published knowledge, provide a significant view of our work dedicated to determine valuable materials with high permittivity. The last section is dedicated to titane oxides and titane silicates.Le travail exposé dans cette thèse cible les nouveaux matériaux susceptibles d'être intégrés dans les mémoires et les applications à base de transistors MOS. Il est divisé en trois chapitres principaux. Le premier chapitre traite des contraintes de fabrication des dispositifs. Nous abordons aussi l'état de l'art ainsi que les objectifs industriels à courte échéance. Ce premier chapitre est important pour donner au lecteur les bases technologiques pour comprendre pourquoi des investissements gigantesques sur ces matériaux sont consentis dans l'industrie microélectronique et la recherche associée. Le second chapitre traite des méthodes de dépôt et croissance des isolants étudiés dans cette thèse. De même nous décrivons au mieux les moyens de caractérisation pour analyser les propriétés physiques et électriques de ces diélectriques. Quelques exemples de matériaux analysés aideront le lecteur à comprendre facilement notre méthode d'investigation scientifique. Le dernier chapitre est une revue de mon travail publié dans des journaux scientifiques de renommée internationale ou d'exposés dans des conférences majeures. Ce chapitre 3 est sous-divisé en 3 sections. La première et deuxième traite de la compréhension des propriétés des silicates d'aluminium-lanthane et oxydes de terre rare obtenus par différentes méthodes de dépôt et recuit. Les résultats ajoutés aux résultats de l'art antérieur donnent un aperçu significatif de notre recherche d'un matériau candidat potentiel comme isolant high k. La dernière section est dédiée aux oxydes de titane et de silicates de titane
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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