1,720,966 research outputs found
La politica integrata di prodotto e le PMI
No full textIl successo della Politica Integrata di Prodotto (IPP), come insieme di strumenti e misure per favorire l'innovazione in senso ambientalmente sostenibile dei prodotti dipenderà in grande misura dall'accettazione da parte delle Piccole e Medie Imprese. Questo rapporto ha sinteticamente descritto alcune condizioni chiave che nell'opinione degli autori sono da rispettare per consentire l'adozione dell'IPP da parte delle PMI. Viene di conseguenza avanzata una proposta di Procedura Semplificata per Prodotti Ecologici delle PMI che prevede un percorso graduale e che dovrà essere precisata e meglio definita con il necessario concorso di tutte le parti interessate. Un ruolo fondamentale dovrà essere svolto da 'mediatori' tra le PMI e le problematiche ambientali, quali consulenti, associazioni, distretti, fornitori di servizi per la gestione dei rifiuti. Il mondo della ricerca da parte sua deve contribuire con lo sviluppo di idonee soluzioni tecnico scientifiche. E' quanto l'ENEA sta svolgendo in particolare con lo sviluppo di una metodologia semplificata di LCA che sia di facile applicazione da parte delle PMI, e mantenga sufficienti caratteristiche di rigore scientifico e con il progetto eLCA per lo sviluppo di un sito web a supporto dell'applicazione dell'IPP da parte delle PMI
TESPI (Tool for Environmental Sound Product Innovation): A simplified software tool to support environmentally conscious design in SMEs
No full textTESPI (Tool for Environmental Sound Product Innovation) is the prototype of a software tool developed within the framework of the eLCA project. The project, (www.elca.enea.it) financed by the European Commission, is realising On line green tools and services for Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs). The implementation by SMEs of environmental product innovation (as fostered by the European Integrated Product Policy, IPP) needs specific adaptation to their economic model, their knowledge of production and management processes and their relationships with innovation and the environment. In particular, quality and costs are the main driving forces of innovation in European SMEs, and well known barriers exist to the adoption of an environmental approach in the product design. Starting from these considerations, the TESPI tool has been developed to support the first steps of product design taking into account both the quality and the environment. Two main issues have been considered: (i) classic Quality Function Deployment (QFD) can hardly be proposed to SMEs; (ii) the environmental aspects of the product life cycle need to be integrated with the quality approach. TESPI is a user friendly web-based tool, has a training approach and applies to modular products. Users are guided through the investigation of the quality aspects of then- product (customer's needs and requirements fulfilment) and the identification of the key environmental aspects in the product's life cycle. A simplified check list allows analysing the environmental performance of the product. Help is available for a better understanding of the analysis criteria. As a result, the significant aspects for the redesign of the product are identified
Piccole e medie imprese verso la politica integrata di prodotto
No full textLa progettazione di un futuro in cui si coniughino ambiente e sviluppo deve passare attraverso la capacità di realizzare politiche ambientali di prodotto che vedano le PMI come attori principali. Perché ciò avvenga è necessario creare un complesso sistema di servizi di supporto a vari livelli. L'impegno assunto con il progetto eLCA, mirato a realizzare e sperimentare un sito Web per promuovere l'adozione della IPP da parte delle PMI, nasce dalla consapevolezza che una tale realizzazione richiede inizialmente un supporto di tipo pubblico, per assicurare la disponibilità di conoscenze e dati, anche se il servizio può essere in seguito gestito con il concorso di organizzazioni pubbliche e private. La capacità di creare una struttura con competenze tecnico-manageriali e mezzi strumentali e logistici in grado di gestire il sito al termine del progetto sarà determinante per il successo dell'intera iniziativa
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Adoption of Integrated Product Policy by SMEs: the eLCA Project
No full textThe acceptance of IPP by Small and Medium sized Enterprises, SMEs, is a crucial issue for the entire policy. The eLCA Project, coordinated by ENEA in cooperation with other national and European partners has the general objective to realise 'Databases and WEB site for the adoption of Integrated Product Policy by SMEs'. eLCA is a cross sectorial project between IPP, SMEs and Information Society (IS), involving two aspects: Public Sector Information (PSI) and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The information content of products based on Life Cycle Analysis and the exchange of information among the stakeholders of the product life cycle are key aspects of IPP. These issues have been analysed and integrated in 'eLCA Preparatory Action', aimed at defining the context and the technical and economic aspects of the WEB site
Databases and Web Site to Support the Diffusion of Integrated Product Policy in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises
No full textTo be effective and recognised by consumers Integrated Product Policy, IPP, the new policy approach of the European Union on sustainable goods and services, should be applied to a very large number of products. The acceptance of IPP by Small and Medium sized Enterprises, SMEs, is therefore a crucial issue for the entire policy. The eLCA Project has the general objective to realise 'Databases and Web site for the adoption of Integrated Product Policy by SMEs'. eLCA preparatory action has demonstrated Public Sector Information relevance, Information and Communication Technologies and Web site potential for IPP in SMEs, by tackling their specific barriers and promoting a gradual development of a green services market
Methodological Framework and Prototype Realisation of a WEB-Based LCA Tool for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises
No full textThe eLCA Project, coordinated by ENEA in cooperation with other European partners, has the general objective to realise 'Databases and WEB site for the adoption of Integrated Product Policy (IPP) by Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs)'. Since the knowledge and the use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) by SMEs is a strategic 'step' to introduce IPP policy, ENEA, in cooperation with FEBE EcoLogic, has developed a specific tool for the eLCA Web-site, based on a five years research experience about the adoption of LCA by SMEs. The new tool eVerdEE provides solid scientific bases according to pragmatic and meaningful simplification/adaptation of ISO 14040 requirements, user-friendly, well structured and guided procedures with low time and cost demand and pre-elaborated data/meta-data. After compiling predefined and simplified Goal and Scope Definition and Inventory forms, Impact Assessment results are automatically interpreted in matrix forms at different levels of visualization in order to identify the product life cycle critical points and the improvement solutions. A direct comparison of the environmental performances of different life cycle options of a product is allowed using a target-plot system. The whole procedure is supported by a matrix structured database containing environmental indicators of substances and processes for different impact categories. The software prototype has been tested on a sample of SMEs working in the Furniture and Wood sector and the main aspects for further development have been identified
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