1,721,016 research outputs found
Exploring Quantitative and Qualitative Methodologies using I-ADApT Framework for Understanding Vulnerabilities and Responses to Global Changes in Small-Scale Fisheries
Get PDFSmall-scale fisheries (SSF) support over 90 percent of the 120 million people engaged in capture fisheries globally (FAO, 2020) but are facing multifaceted vulnerabilities due to global change impacts. Despite vulnerabilities, the SSF communities do possess certain strengths that enable them to respond to the vulnerabilities. However, these strengths and capacities are poorly understood. The Vulnerability to Viability (V2V) concept focuses on examining the inherent capabilities of the small-scale fisheries communities to build resilience through short-term and long-term responses. Though Vulnerability to Viability is a critical area of study in terms of achieving sustainability of the small-scale fisheries, there is an absence of methodological approaches to study SSF vulnerabilities and their responses using multiple case studies. The main aim of this research is to explore quantitative and qualitative data analysis approaches using the I-ADApT framework to understand the similarities and differences between small-scale fisheries case studies, compare the case studies in terms of vulnerabilities faced by small-scale fisheries communities, governability conditions, societal and governing responses, and appraisal of the responses, and develop a typology of the case studies based on secondary data collected using I-ADApT templates. I-ADApT is a research and decision-support tool that can be used for understanding the vulnerabilities and responses to global change. The data from twenty-nine small-scale fisheries social-ecological systems, representing nineteen different geographical locations, was used in quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis included twenty-eight I-ADApT case studies.
The quantitative and qualitative data assessment methods employed in this research were multivariate analysis (multiple factor analysis (MFA) and hierarchical clustering (HC)) in R-Studio and thematic-content analysis in NVIVO, respectively. Hierarchical clustering (HC) on multiple factor analysis (MFA) conducted in this research was highly useful to simplify a complex set of variables and identify key variables that were most common in all the case studies. These methods were also crucial in grouping the case studies to form clusters of case studies that shared similar properties. Thematic-content analysis in this research enabled the identification of the actual vulnerabilities, social and governing responses, their enabling factors, and those that are preventing the social and governing responses. Both quantitative and qualitative data assessment methods were effective in the study of transition of small-scale fisheries from vulnerability to viability. Both methodologies were explored as proof-of-concept and can be employed in future research considering a greater number of case studies. The I-ADApT framework was an important tool that facilitated the development of a consistent methodology for use in research focusing on small-scale fisheries social-ecological system. This research highlights the importance of using both qualitative and quantitative research methods in the study of small-scale fisheries.
Apart from methodological innovation, the results of this research will inform the decision-makers, managers, and a crosssection of stakeholders to manage small-scale fisheries more effectively by understanding the vulnerabilities and developing response strategies. In doing so, the critical contribution of this research is the dedicated focus on learning from small-scale fisheries community experiences of vulnerabilities and possible pathways towards their viability through the use of place-based case studies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Assessment and management of multispecies multigear fisheries : a case study from San Miguel Bay, the Philippines
No full textThis work uses ecological theory to explore the interactions between fishing and the ecosystem
and examines the implications for fisheries assessment and management. The multispecies,
multigear fishery of San Miguel Bay, the Philippines is used as a case-study. Three approaches
were taken. The first was to descriptively and analytically assess the fishery. Catch rates in 1992-
1994 and 1979-1982 were similar, but all other indications are that the fishery suffers from
growth, recruitment and ecosystem overfishing. Large scale effort has decreased, but small scale
effort has intensified and diversified. The second approach was to model the ecosystem using
ECOPATH an equilibrium mass-balance model. The model described a relatively mature and
resilient ecosystem, dependent on detrital and benthic flows. Different fishing gears have
differential impacts on the ecosystem and these are modified by the interactive effects of
predation and competition. In the third approach, a dynamic multispecies model, ECOSIM was
used. The impacts of fishing by a multisector fishery on a multispecies resource were
dynamically explored under top-down and bottom-up trophic hypotheses. The results
demonstrated that the interplay of fishing mortality, species interactions and flow dynamics have
profound implications for fisheries assessment and management. The uncertainties concerning
the resource dynamics were explored using an adaptive management approach. Four ECOSIM
models of the San Miguel Bay were used, top-down, bottom-up, immigration plus top-down and
immigration plus bottom-up. Analysis of the EVPI showed that there was no value in learning
more about the uncertainty or distinguishing between the different resource models. It was
concluded that although an active experimental adaptive management was not worthwhile,
adaptive management, using feedback information from the response of the resource to
management actions as recommended. This thesis demonstrates the critical importance of an
ecosystem-based approach to understanding fisheries dynamics.Science, Faculty ofResources, Environment and Sustainability (IRES), Institute forGraduat
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
