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Effect of nitric oxide donors on neointima formation and vascular reactivity in the collared carotid artery of rabbits
No full textIntimal thickening in arteries is considered a site of predilection for atherosclerosis. We investigated whether oral application of the nitric oxide (NO) donors SPM-5185 [N-nitratopivaloyl-S-(N'-acetylalanyl)-cysteine ethylester, 10 mg/kg body weight twice daily (b.i.d.)] and molsidomine (10 mg/kg body weight/day) can retard neointima formation and changes in vascular reactivity induced by a nonocclusive, soft silicone collar positioned around the left carotid artery of rabbits. The contralateral carotid artery was sham operated and served as a control. Drug and placebo (diet without drug) treatments were initiated 7 days before placement of the collar. At the end of the experiments, two segments were cut from each collared and sham-treated artery, one for measurement of the cross-sectional area of intima and media and the other for isometric tension recording. Sham treatment did not result in intimal thickening in either group. In contrast, the intima/media (I/M) ratio was considerably increased after 14 days of collar treatment as a result of neointima formation. Intimal thickening was significantly inhibited by SPM-5185 (I/M ratio 0.05 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.11 +/- 0.02, p < 0.05), but not by molsidomine (0.06 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.08 +/- 0.02, p = 0.49), which is a donor of both NO and superoxide anions. Neither collar nor NO donor treatment altered the area of the media. SPM-5185 did not alter the percentage of replicating smooth muscle cells (SMC) in the media after collar treatment, as demonstrated by their immunoreactivity for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS
Symposium on antithrombotics: pathophysiological rationale for pharmacological interventions
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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