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Epilepsy in children
No full textEpilepsija je kronična neurološka bolest koja se očituje pojavom ponavljajućih epileptičkih napadaja uslijed abnormalne električne aktivnosti u mozgu. Iako se može javiti u bilo kojoj životnoj dobi, djeca predstavljaju posebno osjetljivu skupinu zbog razvoja mozga i potrebe za kontinuiranim praćenjem psihofizičkog rasta. . Epilepsija pogađa oko 1%svjetske populacije, a u Hrvatskoj je evidentirano približno 6 000 oboljelih. Povećana incidencija bilježi se kod djece mlađe od 5 godina te kod osoba nakon 65. godine. Do epileptičkog napadaja dolazi zbog nekontroliranog izbijanja električnih impulsa u kori mozga, a uzroci se dijele na simptomatske, kriptogene i idiopatske. Najčešće korištena klasifikacija epilepsija je ona koju predlaže Međunarodna liga protiv epilepsije (engl. International League Against Epilepsy) Epileptički napadaji podijeljeni su i na generalizirane i žarišne. Posebno se ističe epileptički status kao ozbiljno životno ugrožavajuće stanje. S obzirom na sličnosti u kliničkoj slici, često dolazi do izazova u razlikovanju epileptičkih i neepileptičkih napadaja, pri čemu su febrilne konvulzije jedan od najčešćih oblika neepileptičkih napadaja u dječjoj dobi. Dijagnoza se postavlja kombinacijom laboratorijskih nalaza, analize likvora, slikovnih pretraga poput ultrazvuka mozga, kompjuterizirane tomografije mozga i magnetske rezonance mozga te elektroencefalografije. Liječenje uključuje primjenu antiepileptičkih lijekova. Osim liječenja lijekovima, ponekad se koristi i kirurško liječenje, Uloga prvostupnice sestrinstva u zdravstvenoj njezi djece s epilepsijom je vrlo važna. Aktivnim provođenjem sestrinskih intervencija i pružanjem podrške obitelji, medicinska sestra znatno doprinosi kvaliteti života djeteta. Edukacija populacije i uklanjanje predrasuda i dalje predstavljaju izazov, a medicinske sestre mogu pomoći u informiranju, podršci i smanjenju stigme.Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Although it can occur at any age, children represent a particularly vulnerable group due to the ongoing development of the brain and the need for continuous monitoring of psychophysical growth. Epilepsy affects approximately 1% of the global population, with around 6000 cases recorded in Croatia. Increased incidence is observed in children under the age of five and in individuals over the age of 65. Epileptic seizures result from uncontrolled discharges of electrical impulses in the cerebral cortex. The causes are classified as symptomatic, cryptogenic, and idiopathic. The most widely used classification of epilepsy is the one proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), which categorizes seizures into generalized and focal types. Particular attention is given to status epilepticus, a serious and life-threatening condition. Due to similarities in clinical presentation, differentiating between epileptic and non-epileptic seizures can be challenging. Febrile convulsions are one of the most common forms of non-epileptic seizures in childhood. Diagnosis is established through a combination of laboratory tests, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, neuroimaging techniques such as cranial ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as electroencephalography (EEG). Treatment primarily involves the use of antiepileptic drugs, though in some cases, surgical intervention may be considered. The role of the nurse in caring for children with epilepsy is crucial. By actively implementing nursing interventions and providing support to the family, nurses significantly contribute to the child’s quality of life. Education of the general population and the elimination of stigma remain ongoing challenges, where nurses play a vital role in raising awareness, offering support, and reducing prejudice
Epilepsy in children
No full textEpilepsija je kronična neurološka bolest koja se očituje pojavom ponavljajućih epileptičkih napadaja uslijed abnormalne električne aktivnosti u mozgu. Iako se može javiti u bilo kojoj životnoj dobi, djeca predstavljaju posebno osjetljivu skupinu zbog razvoja mozga i potrebe za kontinuiranim praćenjem psihofizičkog rasta. . Epilepsija pogađa oko 1%svjetske populacije, a u Hrvatskoj je evidentirano približno 6 000 oboljelih. Povećana incidencija bilježi se kod djece mlađe od 5 godina te kod osoba nakon 65. godine. Do epileptičkog napadaja dolazi zbog nekontroliranog izbijanja električnih impulsa u kori mozga, a uzroci se dijele na simptomatske, kriptogene i idiopatske. Najčešće korištena klasifikacija epilepsija je ona koju predlaže Međunarodna liga protiv epilepsije (engl. International League Against Epilepsy) Epileptički napadaji podijeljeni su i na generalizirane i žarišne. Posebno se ističe epileptički status kao ozbiljno životno ugrožavajuće stanje. S obzirom na sličnosti u kliničkoj slici, često dolazi do izazova u razlikovanju epileptičkih i neepileptičkih napadaja, pri čemu su febrilne konvulzije jedan od najčešćih oblika neepileptičkih napadaja u dječjoj dobi. Dijagnoza se postavlja kombinacijom laboratorijskih nalaza, analize likvora, slikovnih pretraga poput ultrazvuka mozga, kompjuterizirane tomografije mozga i magnetske rezonance mozga te elektroencefalografije. Liječenje uključuje primjenu antiepileptičkih lijekova. Osim liječenja lijekovima, ponekad se koristi i kirurško liječenje, Uloga prvostupnice sestrinstva u zdravstvenoj njezi djece s epilepsijom je vrlo važna. Aktivnim provođenjem sestrinskih intervencija i pružanjem podrške obitelji, medicinska sestra znatno doprinosi kvaliteti života djeteta. Edukacija populacije i uklanjanje predrasuda i dalje predstavljaju izazov, a medicinske sestre mogu pomoći u informiranju, podršci i smanjenju stigme.Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Although it can occur at any age, children represent a particularly vulnerable group due to the ongoing development of the brain and the need for continuous monitoring of psychophysical growth. Epilepsy affects approximately 1% of the global population, with around 6000 cases recorded in Croatia. Increased incidence is observed in children under the age of five and in individuals over the age of 65. Epileptic seizures result from uncontrolled discharges of electrical impulses in the cerebral cortex. The causes are classified as symptomatic, cryptogenic, and idiopathic. The most widely used classification of epilepsy is the one proposed by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE), which categorizes seizures into generalized and focal types. Particular attention is given to status epilepticus, a serious and life-threatening condition. Due to similarities in clinical presentation, differentiating between epileptic and non-epileptic seizures can be challenging. Febrile convulsions are one of the most common forms of non-epileptic seizures in childhood. Diagnosis is established through a combination of laboratory tests, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, neuroimaging techniques such as cranial ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as electroencephalography (EEG). Treatment primarily involves the use of antiepileptic drugs, though in some cases, surgical intervention may be considered. The role of the nurse in caring for children with epilepsy is crucial. By actively implementing nursing interventions and providing support to the family, nurses significantly contribute to the child’s quality of life. Education of the general population and the elimination of stigma remain ongoing challenges, where nurses play a vital role in raising awareness, offering support, and reducing prejudice
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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