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L'allungamento degli arti secondo Ilizarov: problemi deontologici e di responsabilità professionale
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L'omicidio in persona di prostituta. Considerazioni medico legali a margine di una revisione casistica
No full textProteinase/proteinase inhibitor imbalance in sputum sol phases from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Suggestions for a key role played by antileukoprotease.
No full textIn order to characterize the imbalance between proteinases and proteinase inhibitors in sputum sol phases, we studied 25 patients (mean age, 59 +/- 11 yr) with exacerbated chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). An aliquot of sputum was used for bacteriologic determinations, and the remainder was centrifuged in order to obtain gel and sol phases. On the basis of the bacteriologic data, patients were divided into colonized patients (14) and noncolonized patients (11). All of the major inhibitors were immunologically detectable in sol phases without a significant difference between colonized and noncolonized patients (alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor [alpha 1-PI], 2.56 microM +/- 0.53 microM and 2.39 microM +/- 0.72 microM; alpha 2-macroglobulin [alpha 2-MG], 0.21 microM +/- 0.07 microM and 0.16 microM +/- 0.05 microM; antileukoprotease (ALP), 1.78 microM +/- 0.57 microM and 1.53 microM +/- 0.6 microM, respectively [mean +/- SE]). With regard to proteinase activities, both free elastase-like and free chymotrypsin-like activities were detectable in the majority of patients (15/25) (0.59 microM +/- 0.15 microM and 0.74 microM +/- 0.15 microM for elastase-like activity [ELA], and 0.010 microM +/- 0.003 microM and 0.017 microM +/- 0.007 microM for chymotrypsin-like activity [CLA], respectively [mean +/- SE]). The inhibitory profile of proteinase activities, performed by means of a panel of inhibitors, allowed us to assign specific activities mainly to neutrophil elastase and cathepsin G (Cat G). Next we looked at the relationships between inhibitors and proteinase activities. We found a significant negative correlation between neutrophil elastase activity and ALP (r = -0.58; p 0.50 microM) and samples (10) with no detectable ELA (< 0.18 microM). Levels of alpha 1-PI and alpha 2-MG did not differ significantly between the two groups, whereas ALP values were higher in the group with no detectable ELA (3.12 microM +/- 0.69 microM) than in the other group (0.58 microM +/- 0.21 microM; p < 0.001). We conclude that most sputum sol phases from patients with exacerbated COPD have a high burden of free neutrophil elastase and Cat G. Antileukoprotease seems to be the major naturally occurring inhibitor effective in the modulation of proteinase activities in bronchial secretions under these conditions
Elevated serum procollagen III aminopeptide levels in sarcoidosis.
No full textProcollagen III aminopeptide (P-III-P), a peptide released during the conversion of type III procollagen to type III collagen, is considered a potential marker of fibroblast activity in a variety of pulmonary and extrapulmonary diseases. The aim of the present article was to investigate the levels of P-III-P in serum samples (sP-III-P) from a large number of sarcoid patients, in particular looking at its relationship with other markers of disease activity and its presumed role as a marker of pulmonary fibrosis. sP-III-P has been radioimmunoassayed in an overall series of 57 patients and the levels were higher (19.18 +/- 9.17 ng/ml) than in 25 age- and sex-matched controls (11.32 +/- 2.15 ng/ml; p less than 0.001). The elevation was neither sex-related nor related to obvious liver sarcoid localization. Although sP-III-P levels were slightly higher in patients with stage II, there was no significant difference in patients with stage I or III. We found a positive relationship with serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (S-ACE) levels (p less than 0.04), but not with other markers of disease activity (67Ga uptake, bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL] lymphocyte percent, vital capacity, and lung diffusing capacity). The relationship with S-ACE was confirmed in a longitudinal follow-up study, where sP-III-P strictly paralleled the S-ACE behavior. Finally, the initial sP-III-P levels did not predict cases either with disease relapse or resistance to corticosteroid treatment. We conclude that, in our study, sP-III-P levels failed to characterize sarcoid patients with radiologic fibrotic pattern (stage III), and, in addition, were unable to predict which patients would have a poor prognosis. Rather, they reflect a metabolic activity of sarcoid granuloma cells. Thus, the usefulness of sP-III-P in the treatment of patients with sarcoid may be considered similar to that of S-ACE
In vitro evaluation of the potential of ciclopirox to induce resistance in Trichophyton rubrum, in comparison to terbinafine, amorolfine, and itraconazole
No full textThe main causative agent of dermatophytosis is Trichophyton rubrum, a widespread filamentous fungus that can infect keratinized tissue such as skin, nails and hair. T rubrum is known to account for almost 70% of all dermatophyte infections. Several antifungal drugs have become available for the treatment of dermatophytosis and among these, terbinafine (TRB), amorolfine (AMF), itraconazole (ITC), and ciclopirox (CPX) are the most frequently used to treat T rubrum infections. Although, therapeutic strategies based on the use of TRB, AMF, ITC or CPX are generally considered effective, the onset of resistant strains against some of these antifungal agents has been reported
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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