1,720,955 research outputs found
Relevance of Photographs in Newspaper Journalism
No full textPhotographs are very important in mass communication as a whole and specifically for newspaper/print journalism. Photographs on newspaper pages greatly stimulate public interest in current events and human angle stories by attracting and retaining their attention. These photographs are mainly used for two purposes – to supplement news stories and for advertisements. The absence of photograph on newspaper pages would make the publication dull and unattractive. These photographs can either be aware, semi-aware or candid photographs. Some of the prominent Nigerian newspapers of today are Vanguard, The Guardian, the Sun, This Day, The Punch, The Nation, etc. A major function of a photograph in newspaper/print journalism is that it jumps or eliminates literacy barrier by visually you are communicating to the illiterate what he can't understand in a written words. A very important aspect of photograph on newspaper is that while it attracts attention, it communicates and gives credibility as readers will almost certainly believe stories with accompanying pictures as evidence the event actually happened as reported. Dominant photographs appearing on the front pages of newspapers should be representing a news story in the newspaper which should also be highlighted on the page of the same edition
MEDIA AND POLITICS: POLITICAL COMMUNICATION IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Get PDFThis chapter simply discussed how political communication has been carried out in this age of social media. Political communication is the communication of political ideologies by the political communicator to the audience who happen to be the electorates. Like the regular communication process, it also uses both the traditional media and the new media. Politicians however, have started employing fake news and hate speech in the content of their political messages. Fake speech are of three types: misinformation, disinformation and malinformation. With more and more people relying on social media for as a source for news, there are worries that such content could influence audiences unable to distinguish truth from fact or news from propaganda. From television to radio, to cinemas, to music, to newspaper, books, social media, etc., politicians use everything and anything to communicate to their audience. Politicians employ political advertising to reach out to their teeming supporters and followers. These political advertising are incorporated with adverting jingles (especially on radio). The basic elements of political communication are: ideology, propaganda and persuasion. The researcher however, concluded that politicians, not only in Nigerian, but the world over, although they are much in Nigeria, have taken political communication and its approach to a totally different and negative height by employing hate speech and fake news in their campaign messages. Rather than taking their time to inform the electorates of their plans for them and how they wish to achieve it, they spend all day and energy on insulting and de-marketing the opponents through hate speech and fake news. They don’t stop there, they also make inciting posts on social media which often leaves their gullible followers to be at loggerheads all the time
ART REPORTING: CARTOONING IN THE PRINT MEDIA
No full textThis paper examined cartooning in the print media as a form of reporting. Cartooning generally requires a measure of creativity and ability to depict issues and events in pictorial fashion. The use of cartoons has been a long standing feature of the print media, specifically newspapers and magazines. Caricature as a form of art had existed for a very long time in Nigeria before the belief that this form of satirisation in Nigeria is a colonial innovation. The Punch, The Guardian, This Day, The Sun, Vanguard, The Nation, Tell, Newswatch, etc., all publish cartoons and comic strips on social, political and economic affairs of the country or as illustrations of some editorial matter. Cartoons are funny drawings on newspapers and magazines making caricature of societal ills or maladministration. The primary function of the cartoon is communication. Cartoon was originally a sketch for a large canvas or fresco painting for architectural drawings, for tapestry design or for pictures in mosaic or glass. At present, cartoon has no doubt become an indispensable part of modern journalism. The article is however, anchored on two theories: social responsibility theory and agenda-setting theory. The researcher highlighted three major types of newspaper cartoons, which are: comic strips, political cartoons and gag cartoons. While considering the prominence and personality involved in drawing cartoon, the cartoonist also has to consider the timeliness of the issue being presented to the readers. The researcher identified some of the functions/roles of newspaper cartoons, among which is that cartoon provides readers with the platform of the formation of public opinion. The researcher concluded that cartoons published in newspapers are the critiques of the issues, personalities and institutions of the current situation as it can be said that cartoons are the chronicle of the current history. The researcher therefore, recommend that Art Reporting should be stand as a separate course in the field of mass communication just as Photography and Photojournalism, Investigative and Interpretative Reporting, Editorial Writing, Feature and Article Writing, and News Writing and Reporting
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
