1,720,962 research outputs found
Physician shortages in rural Vietnam: Using a labor market approach to inform policy
No full textThis paper investigates labor market dynamics for physicians in Vietnam, paying particular attention to geographic distribution and dual job holding. The analysis is based on a survey of a random sample of physicians in 3 regions in 2009–10. We found that the labor market for physicians in Vietnam is characterized by very little movement among both facility levels and geographic areas. Dual practice is also prominent, with over one-third of physicians holding a second job. After taking account of the various sources of income for physicians and controlling for key factors, there is a significant wage premium associated with locating in an urban area. This premium is driven by much higher earnings from dual job holding rather than official earnings in the primary job. There are important policy implications that emerge. With such low job turnover rates, policies to increase the number of physicians in rural areas could focus on initial recruitment. Once in place, physicians tend to remain in their jobs for a very long time. Lastly, findings from an innovative discrete choice experiment suggest that providing long-term education and improving equipment are the most effective instruments to recruit physicians to work in rural areas.<br/
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Essays in macroeconomics
Full text linkMy dissertation consists of three independent chapters focusing on questions in macroeconomics and international economics. In Chapter 1, I study the impact of local income inequality on household consumption and welfare through the changing availability of varieties of consumer goods. I find that in high-inequality counties, more varieties are offered to households. However, households living in high-inequality counties purchase fewer varieties compared to similar ones in low-inequality counties. This happens even though households shop in more stores in high-inequality counties. These effects are even more pronounced for individuals in the tails of the income distribution. To quantify channels underlying these empirical findings and speak to the welfare impact, I develop a model featuring an endogenous number of varieties produced by firms and a choice over which varieties to purchase by households. After estimating many of the parameters of the model, I show that the model can reproduce both empirical facts. Quantitatively, I find that households are generally worse off when living in higher-inequality regions because firms are better able to segment the market. In Chapter 2, joint with Zhen Huo, Andrei A. Levchenko, and Nitya Pandalai-Nayar, we study international propagation of both fundamental and non-fundamental shocks in a global production network model with information frictions. Producers in a sector do not perfectly observe other country-sector fundamentals, and their production decisions depend their beliefs about worldwide exogenous states as well as other producers' behavior. In this environment, "noise" shocks - errors in the public signals about fundamentals - propagate internationally and generate aggregate fluctuations. Using a novel panel dataset containing the frequencies of country-industry-specific economic news reports by 11 leading newspapers in the G7 plus Spain, we show that greater news coverage is associated with both smaller GDP forecast errors, and less disagreement among forecasters. We use these empirical regularities to discipline the parameters governing the severity of information frictions. We find that noise shocks are a quantitatively important source of international fluctuations. Noise shocks propagate relatively more powerfully to the more distant parts of the network, while TFP shocks propagate less powerfully to the more distant sectors in the presence of informational frictions. In Chapter 3, I study the role of industry news in shaping firms' expectations of macroeconomic conditions. Using a U.S. survey of firms' inflation expectations, Coibion et al. (2020) report a large disagreement among firms about future aggregate conditions even though they observe similar aggregate statistics. Andrade et al. (2020) use a survey of French manufacturing firms and document that the firm's industry conditions play an important role in forming firm's aggregate expectations. However, many small and medium-sized firms are unlikely to have access to privileged industry information. Instead, they rely on standard news sources to learn about industry conditions. Therefore, firms' public industry news would have a substantial role in shaping their view of aggregate economic conditions. Using South African firm-level expectation data together with a novel dataset of news reports in major South African newspapers, this paper provides new evidence documenting the role of firms' industry news on forming their expectations about aggregate macroeconomic condition.Economic
Employer Branding: An attractive employer in the eyes of ICT employees in Vietnam
No full textIn recent years, employer branding increasingly becomes popular in human resource management as a tool to attract and recruit potential talents as well as to retain and develop existing workforce. As a result, employer branding is necessary in any organization and industry. The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is becoming one of the most dynamic industries, with a high demand of skilled workforce, especially in Vietnam. This research aims to examine what qualities make an employer attractive to ICT employees. Qualitative research method is used through semi-structured interviews. A total of 12 in-depth interviews are conducted with ICT final-year students, ICT graduates, ICT professionals. All of them have different background and qualifications, studying or working in Hanoi or Ho Chi Minh city. Numerous specific qualities of an attractive employer to ICT employees are presented. The findings indicate that there are some differences in perspective towards qualities of an attractive employer among ICT final year students, ICT graduates, and ICT professionals. Additionally, the findings also bring up some matters that impact negatively to employer attractiveness in Vietnam. Finally, some recommendations to ICT companies that want to attract ICT employees in Vietnam are presented
Digital economic development in the context of globalization: Research in Vietnam
Full text linkThe Fourth Industrial Revolution marks a remarkable development in the use of data and technology in all activities of social life. The trend of digitalizing the economy and social activities is taking place very quickly in many countries. The digital economy has become an increasingly important contributor to the gross domestic product of countries, especially in the post-COVID-19 recovery process. The XIII Congress documents have set the target of the digital economy reaching 20% of GDP by 2025 and 30% by 2030. Vietnam's provinces and cities have also issued resolutions specifying the goals of digital transformation and digital economic development for their localities. Digital economic development is considered an optimal solution to realize the aspiration of developing a strong and prosperous Vietnam, becoming a developed country, following a socialist orientation. In recent times, our Party and State have had many policies and guidelines to encourage the development of the digital economy. Thanks to that, the digital economy has made impressive progress, making Vietnam the leading digital economy in the region. However, besides the achieved results, many problems are arising in the development of the digital economy in our country today..
Keywords: Development, Digital Economy, Globalizatio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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