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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Nutritional strategies to increase productive performance in dairy Cows: I. Exogenous enzymes as feed additives. II. Malt extract from barley partially replacing ground corn in diets
No full textA presente dissertação apresenta dois experimentos que compreende dois capítulos distintos, correspondentes as sessões um e dois. No primeiro experimento, objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos das enzimas exógenas (ENZ) amilolítica (Amaize™, Alltech®, Nicholasville, KY) e proteolítica (Vegpro™ Alltech®) na dieta de vacas em lactação sobre consumo de matéria seca e digestibilidade dos nutrientes, índice de seleção de partículas, fermentação ruminal, balanço de nitrogênio, derivados de purina, metabólitos sanguíneos e produção e composição do leite. Foram utilizadas vinte e quatro vacas da raça Holandesa, sendo 16 multíparas e 8 primíparas com 4 canuladas no rúmen (161 ± 87,7 dias em lactação, 681 ± 96,2 kg de peso corporal e 35,2 ± 5,19 kg/d de produção de leite) distribuídas em quadrados latinos 4 × 4 replicados. Cada período teve duração de 21 dias, sendo os últimos 7 destinados as coletas. Ostratamentos foram: dieta sem inclusão de enzima, controle (CON); dieta com adição de 0,5 g de enzima amilolítica/kg MS (A5); dieta A5 + 0,2 g de enzima proteolítica/kg MS (A5P2); dieta A5 + 0,4 g de enzima proteolítica/kg MS (A5P4). Os contrastes utilizados para estudar as diferenças entre os tratamentos foram C1: controle vs. enzimas; C2: enzima amilolítica (A5) vs. enzima proteolítica (A5P2 + A5P4); C3: contraste entre doses da enzima proteolítica. De forma geral, vacas alimentadas com A5P2 e A5P4 apresentaram maior seleção para partículas longas da dieta (>19 mm) e menor seleção para partículas pequenas quando comparado com A5. A digestibilidade do amido foi maior para vacas do grupo A5P2 e A5P4 quando comparado com A5. Ainda uma tendência à maior digestibilidade do amido foi observada em vacas alimentadas com A5P4 em comparação com A5P2. A digestibilidade da fibra insolúvel em detergente neutro (FDN) foi maior no grupo A5P4 do que no grupo A5P2. A suplementação com ENZ tendeu a aumentar a proporção molar de propionato ruminal, bem como foi maior no grupo A5 do que grupos A5P2 e A5P4. Houve tendência a aumentar o nitrogênio ureico sanguíneo para as vacas alimentadas com ENZ. Tratamentos com enzimas (A5, A5P2 e A5P4) aumentaram a produção de leite comparado ao grupo controle (33,1 vs 32,0 kg/d, respectivamente) e a produção de leite corrigida para gordura (PLCG; 34,4 vs 33,3 kg/d, respectivamente), além de apresentar tendência para maior produção de proteína, aumento na produção de lactose no leite e tendência a aumentar a eficiência produtiva. A adição de ENZ na dieta de vacas em lactação pode ser positiva melhorando o desempenho, já a associação de enzimas exógenas é capaz de melhorar a digestibilidade do amido e do FDN com alterações na fermentação ruminal. O objetivo do segundo experimento foi avaliar a substituição parcial de milho moído por extrato de malte seco de cevada (EMS) em dietas de vacas leiteiras e avaliadas as mesmas variáveis descritas no experimento anterior. Vinte e oito vacas da raça Holandesa, sendo 4 primíparas e 24 multíparas com quatro canuladas no rúmen (produção de leite de 35,3 ± 5,88 kg/d, 148 ± 78 DEL e 696 ± 80.6 kg de peso corporal (PC), foram distribuídas em blocos de acordo com a produção de leite, DEL, PC e número de partos e incluídas em delineamento crossover. Os períodos e coletas foram iguais às do capítulo anterior. Os tratamentos foram controle (CON) ou EMS de cevada (Liotécnica Tecnologia em Alimentos, Embu das Artes, Brasil) em substituição ao milho moído em 7,62% MS da dieta (∼2 kg MS/d). De modo geral, o EMS aumentou a digestibilidade aparente da PB, diminuiu o pH ruminal e a porcentagem molar de butirato e aumentou a porcentagem molar de acetato. Vacas alimentadas com EMS apresentaram menor nitrogênio ureico no sangue e menor NUL. O EMS aumentou a produção de leite, produção de leite corrigida para 3,5% de gordura, gordura e proteína e melhorou a eficiência alimentar. O extrato de malte seco pode substituir parcialmente o milho moído na dieta, melhorando a produção de leite e a eficiência alimentar.The present thesis was elaborated in two distinct chapters, corresponding to sessions one and two. In the first one, the objective was to evaluate the effects of exogenous enzymes (ENZ) amylolytic (AmaizeTM, Alltech®, Nicholasville, KY) and proteolytic (Vegpro™ Alltech) in the diet of lactating cows under dry matter intake and nutrient digestibility, milk yield and composition, sorting index, nitrogen balance, purine derivates, rumen fermentation and blood metabolites. Twenty-four Holstein cows were used, 4 of which were cannulated in the rumen (161 ± 87,7 DIM, 681 ± 96,2 body weight e 35,2 ± 5,19 milk yield, 681 ± 96,2 body weight peso (BW), in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square experiment according DIM, parity, milk yield and BW. Each period lasted 21 days, with the last 7 days for data collection. The treatments were: basal diet, control (CON); basal diet with addition of 0.5 g of amylolytic enzyme/kg DM (A5); basal diet with association of 0.5 g of amylolytic enzyme and 0.2 g of proteolytic enzyme (A5P2); basal diet with association of 0.5 g of amylolytic enzyme and 0.4 g of proteolytic enzyme (A5P4). The contrasts used to study how differences between treatments were C1: control vs. enzymes; C2: amylolytic enzyme (A5) vs. proteolytic enzyme (A5P2 + A5P4); C3: contrast between doses of the proteolytic enzyme. In general, cows fed A5P2 and A5P4 showed a greater sorting for long particles in the diet (>19 mm) and less sorting for small particles when compared to A5. Starch digestibility was higher for cows fed treatments containing protease than A5, yet a trend towards greater starch digestibility was observed in cows fed A5P4 compared to A5P2. Neutral detergent fiber digestibility was greater in the A5P4 group than in the A5P2 group. Enzyme supplementation tended to increase the ruminal propionate molar ratio, an was greater in the A5 group than the A5P2 and A5P4 groups. Milk N production was greater in ENZ-fed cows, which tended to show greater blood urea nitrogen concentration in comparison with CON cows. Enzyme treatments increased milk yield (33,1 vs 32 kg/d, respectively) and fat-corrected milk yield (34,4 vs 33,3 kg/d, respectively), tended to increase protein yield, increased the yield of lactose, and tended to increase productive efficiency. The association of exogenous enzymes in the diet of lactating cows can improve starch and NDF digestibility and productive performance. In the second chapter, the general objective was to evaluate the partial replacement of ground corn by dry malt extract (DME) in diets of dairy cows and evaluated the same variables of the previous chapter. Twenty-eight Holstein cows, four of which were cannulated in the rumen (milk yield 35,3 ± 5,88 kg/d, 148 ± 78 DIM, and 696 ± 80.6 kg BW), were distributed in blocks and enrolled in a crossover design. The periods and data collections were the same described in the previous chapter. The treatments were control (CON) or barley DME (Liotécnica Tecnologia em Alimentos, Embu das Artes, Brazil) replacing ground corn at 7.62% diet DM (∼2 kg/d). In general, DME increased the apparent digestibility of CP, decreased rumen pH and molar percentage of butyrate and increased molar percentage of acetate. Cows fed DME had lower BUN. Dry malt extract increased f milk yield, 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield, fat and protein, and improved feed efficiency. Cows fed DME had lower milk urea nitrogen content. Dry malt extract can partially replace ground corn in the diet, improving milk yield and feed efficiency
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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