1,727 research outputs found
[Review of the book A White Hot Flame: Mary Montgomerie Bennett-Author, Educator, Activist for Indigenous Justice, by Sue Taffe]
No full textReview(s) of: A white hot flame: Mary Montgomerie Bennett - Author, Educator, Activist for Indigenous Justice, by Sue Taffe, Monash University Publishing, Melbourne 2018, Pp. 46
The doomsday lobby: hype and panic from sputniks, martians, and marauding meteors
No full textFrom the race-to-space in the 1950s to the current furor over global warming, James Bennett traces the subtle and not-so-subtle ways in which government has co-opted scientific research and reinforced a culture in which challengers to proscribed wisdom are frozen out. Ripped from the headlines, Bennett offers a compelling, entertaining, and thought-provoking perspective on political influence in scientific research and its implications for a democratic society. Praise for The Doomsday Lobby "During the Nineteenth Century, almost entirely on private funding, American science grew from practically nothing to world class. Now, however, over fifty percent of American science is funded by the federal government. Dr. Bennett traces the path, "crisis" after "crisis," by which American science became practically an arm of the federal government. His tale is a cautionary one, warning against future "crisis mongers" who would extend the government's already majority control of American science even further. His warning is a timely one, and it should be heeded." Joseph P. Martino, author of Science Funding: Politics and Porkbarrel "Bennett's latest book offers a challenging interpretation of the rise of the American federal science establishment since World War II. Focusing primarily on the growth of the space program, Bennett argues that crisis, real or imagined, is the source of state power and state funding for science. The Doomsday Lobby offers what no doubt will be viewed as a controversial contribution to the history of American science policy, and more broadly to an understanding of the role of the state in society." James D. Savage, Professor of Politics, University of Virginia, and author of Funding Science in America James T. Bennett is Eminent Scholar and William P. Snavely Professor of Political Economy and Public Policy at George Mason University, and Director of The John M. Olin Institute for Employment Practice and Policy. He is the author or editor of over a dozen books, including Unhealthy Charities, The Politics of American Feminism, Stifling Political Competition, and Not Invited to the Party
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Early child neglect: Does it predict obesity or underweight in later childhood?
No full textChild neglect has been hypothesized to be a risk factor for both obesity and underweight in early childhood, although little research has examined the relation between neglect and body mass index (BMI). The present study examined the relation between neglect and BMI among 185 children (91 with a Child Protective Services history of neglect) who were initially seen at ages 4 to 6 years and who were followed through ages 7 to 9 years. Neglected and comparison children were found to have similar BMIs, although both groups had BMIs that were significantly greater than CDC norms for age, gender, and ethnicity. Neglect chronicity did predict lower BMIs but only at age 8 and 9 years. The present findings suggest that greater examination of moderators is needed to identify the specific contexts in which neglect is related to children’s weight.This is the authors' accepted manuscript for an article that was published in Child Maltreatment (2010), vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 250-254. doi: 10.1177/1077559510363730Peer reviewe
Nonnus barnesae Wahl & Bennett 2020, sp. nov.
No full textNonnus barnesae Wahl & Bennett, sp. nov. (Figs. 3–5, 15) Diagnosis. Nonnus barnesae is easily distinguished from other North and Central American species by its mesosomal pattern of black areas on a brownish-red background (Figs. 3–5). Description. Female. Structure. 1. Supraclypeal area centrally smooth and punctate, punctures deep and ranging from adjacent to separated by 0.5× their diameter; supraclypeal width just below antennal sockets: width just above clypeal suture = 1.0: 0.7–0.8; eyes strongly convergent ventrally. 2. Supra-antennal area without projections; antenna with 42–46 flagellomeres. 3. Mesosoma elongate, about 1.7× as long as deep. 4. Lateral face of pronotum with posterodorsal area centrally weakly to moderately granulate with small scattered shallow punctures, dorsal and posterior margins granulosopunctate. 5. Mesopleuron centrally smooth to weakly granulate, punctures 15–30 μm in diameter and separated by 0.3–1.0× their diameter. 6. Mesoscutum with lateral lobe granulate with shallow punctures separated by 0.3–1.0× their diameter; median lobe defined by shallow notauli extending about 0.7× length of mesoscutum. 7. Ventral division of metapleuron granulate, punctures about 15 μm in diameter and separated by 0.3–0.5× their diameter. 8. Propodeum granulate and with scattered punctures; carinae absent except for posterior transverse carina (PTC) and sections of median longitudinal carinae between PTC and propodeal apex; area anterad PTC with numerous strong rugulae, longitudinal near PTC then becoming transverse, extending about 0.8 distance to anterior propodeal margin and confined to median 0.3 of propodeum. 9. MS1 slender, usually with weak dorsal convexity on petiole (Fig. 3). 10. Thyridium ovoid, granulate and of lighter color than surrounding tergite, and connected to base of T2 by narrow ridge (as in Fig. 11). 11. Ovipositor 2.4–2.8× as long as length as hind femur, straight with apical 0.3 slightly decurved (occasionally flexed to form gentle curve). Color. Head black to fuscous, with apical 0.5 of mandible dark brown; antenna dark brown to fuscous except for white dorsal surfaces of flagellomeres 1–4 (becoming progressively reduced until flagellomere 4 with only narrow short strip or sometimes with strip absent) and white band on flagellomeres 10–16 (comprising 4–6 flagellomeres for any one individual; note band is symmetrical, not extending further on dorsal surface than on ventral). Mesosoma brownish-red with following areas black/fuscous: propleuron, median region of median mesoscutal lobe, ventral 0.3 of mesopleuron and mesothoracic venter, ventral anterior region of metapleural ventral division, paired ovoids on propodeum immediately adjacent to propodeal-metanotal sulcus. Legs brownish-red. Wings with membrane with weak brown tint, and veins brown to dark brown. Metasoma: MS1 varying from completely brownish-red to having basal 0.2, ventral area, and apical 0.2 of postpetiole dark brown/fuscous; T2–3 varying from completely brownish-red to being dark brown with only apicolateral areas dark brownish-red to being completely dark brown; T4+ light brown to fuscous except for yellowish-white median mark on T7 posterior margin. Measurements. Body 14.8–16.3 mm (14.8 mm); fore wing 8.3–10.4 mm (8.5 mm). Male. Structure. 1. Supraclypeal area smooth and punctate, punctures deep and ranging from adjacent to separated by 0.5× their diameter; supraclypeal width just below antennal sockets: width just above clypeal suture = 1.0: 0.7–0.8; eyes strongly convergent ventrally. 2. Supra-antennal area without paired median lamellar projections below median ocellus; antenna usually with 49–52 flagellomeres (Arizona specimen with 45 flagellomeres). 3. Mesosoma elongate, about 1.7× as long as deep. 4. Lateral face of pronotum with posterodorsal area centrally smooth, ranging from impunctate to having small scattered punctures dorsally and posteriorly, dorsal margin puncatate and posterior margins crenulate. 5. Mesopleuron centrally smooth, punctures 10–30 μm in diameter and separated by 0.5–1.0× their diameter. 6. Mesoscutum with lateral lobe weakly granulate to smooth, with deep punctures separated by 0.5–2.0× their diameter; median lobe defined by shallow notauli extending about 0.7× length of mesoscutum. 7. Ventral division of metapleuron smooth, punctures 7–15 μm in diameter and separated by 1.0–4.0× their diameter. 8. Propodeum smooth to weakly granulate, lateral margins usually with weak punctures separated by 0.3–0.5× their diameter; carinae absent except for PTC and sections of median longitudinal carinae between PTC and propodeal apex; area anterad PTC with numerous strong rugulae, longitudinal near PTC then becoming transverse, extending about 0.8 distance to anterior propodeal margin and confined to median 0.3 of propodeum. 9. MS1 slender, without weak dorsal convexity on petiole. 10. Thyridium extremely elongate and almost effaced; not connected to base of T2 by narrow ridge (as in Fig. 11). Color. Head black to fuscous, with apical 0.5 of mandible dark brown, clypeus rarely with 0.3 of apical margin dark brown; antenna dark brown to fuscous except for white (completely or partially) flagellomeres 15–21 (comprising 2–7 flagellomeres for any one individual). Mesosoma brownish-red with following areas black/fuscous: anterior 0.8 of median mesoscutal lobe, ventral 0.3 of mesopleuron and mesothoracic venter, ventral division of metapleuron except for dorsal lateral region, ovoid on dorsal division of metapleuron, paired ovoids on propodeum immediately adjacent to propodeal-metanotal sulcus (occasionally absent); propleuron dark brown on basal 0.5. Fore and middle legs brownish-red except for brownish-yellow trochanter and trochantellus of fore leg, and occasional brown ventral surface of fore and middle coxae. Hind leg with coxa, trochanter, trochantellus, and femur brownish-red except for occasional dark brown of coxal ventral surface; tibia with basal 0.7 brownish-red, apical 0.3 dark brown; tarsus with basal 0.8 of tarsomere 1 and tarsomeres 4–5 dark brown, remainder of tarsus white. Wings with membrane with weak brown tint, and veins brown to dark brown. Metasoma: MS1 brownish-red, with brown anterior 0.2 and dorsal and ventral surfaces; T2–4 usually brownish-red except for brown of median 0.9 of T2 and apical 0.3 of T4; T5 ranging from completely dark brown to mottled with brownishred; T6+ dark brown/fuscous. Measurements. Body 11.8–18.0 mm; fore wing 7.3–9.0 mm. Material. Holotype F: MEXICO, Durango: 24 mi. west of La Ciudad, 7000 ft., 25.vi.1964, W.R.M. Mason (CNCI). Condition of holotype: intact except for missing left hind tarsus. Paratypes. MEXICO, Colima: 3FF, 1M, 9 mi. NE Comala, 17–18.vii.1983, Kovarik-Harrison-Schaffner (TAMU); Durango: 1F, 3 mi. east of El Salto, 8400 ft., 21.vi.1964, W.R.M. Mason (EMUS); 1F, same data as preceding except 8500 ft. and 10.vii.1964 (CNCI); 1M, 8 mi. east of El Salto, 8500 ft., 23.vi.1964, W.R.M. Mason (CNCI); 1F, 10 mi. west of El Salto, 9000 ft., 8.vii.1964, W.R.M. Mason (CNCI); Jalisco: 1F, Nevado de Colima road, 8 mi. west of highway junction (near Atenquique), 3.viii.1988, Ferreira & Schaffner (TAMU); Michoacan: 1M, Tancitaro, 6586 ft., 15.vii.1940, Hoogstraal & Knight (EMUS); Morelos: 1F, 15 km. north of Cuernevaca, 4.vii.1951, H.E. Evans (EMUS); Oaxaca: 1F, Vista Hermosa (17° 37’ 59.0”N, 96° 20’ 31.6”W), 1450 m, 20.x.1962, H. & M. Townes (EMUS); Sinaloa: 1F, 15 mi. west of El Palmito, 5000 ft., 25.vii.1964, W.R.M. Mason (CNCI); 1M, same data as preceding except 30.vii.1964 (CNCI); 3M, same data as preceding except 4.viii.1964 (CNCI, EMUS). USA, Arizona: Coconino Co., Coconino National Forest, Kinder Crossing (34° 33.93’N, 111° 08.7’W), 6460 ft., 10.ix.2014, J.E. O’Hara (CNCI). Comments. Nonnus barnesae is one of the most distinctive North and Central American Nonnus species. While there are quite a few species with a predominately brownish-red body coloration, such as N. antennatus Cresson (Fig. 9), none of them have the barnesae pattern of black areas on the mesosoma (Figs. 3–5). There is some minor variation in color pattern. In females: 1) the propleuron can have the lateral margins brownish-red; 2) the mesothoracic venter in one specimen has paired elongate brownish-red ovoids; 3) the paired dark ovoids on the propodeum are occasionally absent. In males, the amount of the brownish-red on the first four metasomal segments is variable, ranging from the condition in the male description to completely brownish-red (this in only one specimen). The range of barnesae is mostly concurrent with spurius: ranging from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec north through the Sierra Madre Orientale to Arizona (Fig. 17). The label for the Vista Hermosa specimen reads as follows: Vista Hermosa, Oax., Mex./96.5 Km. SW of Tuxtepec/[date] 1450 m /H. & M. Townes. This led to frustration in trying to find the locality, until the Townes’ collecting notes were consulted. The locality was originally recorded by them as near kilometer marker 96 (the Townes’ estimated the fractional value) on the road from Valle Nacional to Oaxaca (city). It is not 96.5 linear kilometers southwest of Tuxtepec. The latitude and longtitude for Vista Hermosa are given above under “Material”. Etymology. This species is named after Diana Barnes, in recognition of her many years of collaboration with the junior author on the systematics of Ichneumonidae.Published as part of Wahl, David B. & Bennett, Andrew M. R., 2020, First record of Nesomesochorinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) from America north of Mexico with descriptions of two new species of Nonnus Cresson in Zootaxa 4779 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4779.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/383167
Effects of Density on Morphometrics and Reproductive Physiology in the Bull Kelp (Nereocystis luetkeana), an Annual Foundation Species
No full textThe bull kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana, is the predominant canopy forming kelp along much of the northeastern Pacific. However, it remains largely understudied due to the dynamic nature of its niche coupled with its annual life history. For populations to persist, reproductive sporophytes must release substantial spores to facilitate successful sexual fertilization among male and female gametophytes that will develop into the next cohort of sporophytes. High densities of spores increase the likelihood of completing the alternation of generation life cycle characteristic of kelp genera. Yet those high densities of spores have the potential to result in a high density of sporophytes, competing for light to reach the surface canopy. It is currently unknown how density-dependence will alter the morphological development and reproductive investment of Nereocystis, thereby affecting population persistence. To address this, I investigated how density affects the morphology and reproductive traits of Nereocystis across its life history. Laboratory studies were conducted to test the effects of density on gametogenesis, gametophyte growth, female egg production, and sporophyte production. Additional studies were conducted on juvenile whole sporophytes and crowned sporophytes (i.e., modified to retain a small portion of the pneumatocyst) in land-based tumble culture to assess the effects of density on survivorship, stipe growth, pneumatocyst growth, blade growth, blade development (number), and reproductive investment (soral number, blades bearing sori, and soral size). Low spore density treatments resulted in significantly larger female gametophytes, but smaller male gametophytes. Intermediate spore densities yielded higher eggs per female, yet there were no significant differences across density treatments. Female egg production did not significantly differ among spore densities. Sporophyte density was significantly greater at higher spore densities. Juvenile sporophytes grown in tumble culture showed no significant difference in survivorship as a function of sporophyte density. High densities delayed sporophyte development compared to sporophytes grown in low density treatments, which were characterized by long stipes and numerous blades. Density- dependent effects on crowned sporophytes were similar to juvenile sporophytes with low densities promoting increased growth and development, while high densities inhibited normal development. At 4 weeks, sporophytes shifted from allocating resources from growth to reproduction. Soral (i.e., reproductive tissue) size and soral number exhibited a significant negative density-dependent relationship. At the individual scale, low density treatments displayed significantly greater reproductive investment. However, scaling reproduction to the population resulted in intermediate densities having the highest cumulative reproductive potential
Frank Swinnerton : the life and works of a bookman
No full textFrank Swinnerton worked as a clerk for J.M. Dent & Co. between 1901 and 1907 and as a publisher's reader for Chatto & Windus from 1907 until 1926, during which time he began his career as a writer of fiction, became influential as a reviewer and commentator on literary fashions, and began close friendships with Arnold Bennett, HG Wells and Hugh Walpole. In 1926 he left London to live in Cranleigh, Surrey, as a full-time writer of novels, short stories, critical works, book and theatre reviews, and miscellaneous articles for newspapers and periodicals. He died at the age of ninety-eight in 1982. This is the first biography of Frank Swinnerton to be undertaken in Great Britain. An analysis has been made of each of his works, both novels and non-fiction. His influence in literary circles has been assessed, and his contribution to the book world is placed within the background of literary output and trends in the twentieth century. Swinnerton was not a great writer, but his temperament, circumstances and talent combined to produce a respected literary figure whose strength was his perception and understanding of the progress of the British literary world through the centuries.
Swinnerton's numerous friendships are dealt with as they occurred, although major relationships are examined more fully at the point where the friend died. For example, details on HG Wells can be found with his death in 1946 and on Compton Mackenzie with his death in 1972. Greater space has been given to his involvements with Arnold Bennett and Hugh Walpole, in separate chapters placed close to the time of their deaths in 1931 and 1941. One other chapter stands out of sequence. This examines Swinnerton's relationship with his two wives: his complex courtship of Helen Dircks and his second marriage to Mary Bennett. This period, between 1917 and 1924, which also includes a
description of his first lecture tour of the USA in 1923, has been placed immediately after chapters 7 and 8, which examine Swinnerton's general life and work during the same period. Apart from published works and newspaper and periodical articles, the main material used has been Swinnerton's personal diaries, which date from 1910 to 1978, and the correspondence and miscellaneous papers in his personal possession. Also consulted has been a doctoral thesis by Jesse Franklin McCartney presented to the University of Arkansas in 1965, which annotates the large collection of correspondence by Frank Swinnerton to writers, publishers, boakmen and other literary figures, as well as their
replies, which are housed in the University library. Full texts of these letters have been obtained where appropriate and used in this work. Professor Blair Rouse of the University of Arkansas wrote a critical appreciation of Swinnerton's work in the 1960s and his widow has allowed use of the unpublished manuscript and letters exchanged between Rouse and Swinnerton, and has sent correspondence between Swinnerton and the Pinker family. Finally, Swinnerton's friends and family have provided facts, opinions and reminiscences
Cowpox virus infection in natural field vole Microtus agrestispopulations: significant negative impacts on survival
No full text1. Cowpox virus is an endemic virus circulating in populations of wild rodents. It has been implicated as a potential cause of population cycles in field voles Microtus agrestis L., in Britain, owing to a delayed density-dependent pattern in prevalence, but its impact on field vole demographic parameters is unknown. This study tests the hypothesis that wild field voles infected with cowpox virus have a lower probability of survival than uninfected individuals. 2. The effect of cowpox virus infection on the probability of an individual surviving to the next month was investigated using longitudinal data collected over 2 years from four grassland sites in Kielder Forest, UK. This effect was also investigated at the population level, by examining whether infection prevalence explained temporal variation in survival rates, once other factors influencing survival had been controlled for. 3. Individuals with a probability of infection, P(I), of 1 at a time when base survival rate was at median levels had a 22.4% lower estimated probability of survival than uninfected individuals, whereas those with a P(I) of 0.5 had a 10.4% lower survival. 4. At the population level, survival rates also decreased with increasing cowpox prevalence, with lower survival rates in months of higher cowpox prevalence. 5. Simple matrix projection models with 28 day time steps and two stages, with 71% of voles experiencing cowpox infection in their second month of life (the average observed seroprevalence at the end of the breeding season) predict a reduction in 28-day population growth rate during the breeding season from λ = 1.62 to 1.53 for populations with no cowpox infection compared with infected populations. 6. This negative correlation between cowpox virus infection and field vole survival, with its potentially significant effect on population growth rate, is the first for an endemic pathogen in a cyclic population of wild rodents
Hyperfine splitting of [Al VI] 3.66 mu m and the Al isotopic ratio in NGC 6302
No full textThe core of planetary nebula NGC 6302 is filled with high-excitation photoionized gas at low expansion velocities. It represents a unique astrophysical situation in which to search for hyperfine structure (HFS) in coronal emission lines from highly ionized species. HFS is otherwise blended by thermal or velocity broadening. Spectra containing [Al vr] 3.66 mu m P-3(2) <- P-3(1), obtained with Phoenix on Gemini South at resolving powers of up to 75000, resolve the line into five hyperfine components separated by 20-60 km s(-1) as a result of the coupling of the I = 5/2 nuclear spin of Al-27 with the total electronic angular momentum J. The isotope Al-26 has a different nuclear spin of I = 5, and a different HFS, which allows us to place a 3 sigma upper limit on the Al-26/Al-27 abundance ratio of 1/33. We measure the HFS magnetic dipole coupling constants for [Al vr], and provide the first estimates of the electric quadrupole HFS coupling constants obtained through astronomical observations of an atomic transition
A descriptive study of the relationship between self-concept and sexual behavior among african american adolescent females, 1995
No full textThe overall objective of this descriptive study was to determine if there was a significant difference between self concept among teenagers that become pregnant and those that do not become pregnant. The sample was comprised of a total of 30 subjects, 15 pregnant teenagers or teen mothers from Johnny Walker Housing Project in Marietta, Georgia and 15 nonpregnant teenagers from Cobb County's Girls Inc., also located in Marietta, Georgia. To examine self-expectation's, an original questionnaire was administered in a one shot episode. The theoretical framework used in this research was the Psychosocial Approach. The Psychosocial Approach is optimistic about human potential and strongly committed to the notions of individual worth and individual ability to grow and develop when given the opportunity, resources and requisite assistance. The findings revealed that there is no statistical significance between self-concept among teenagers that become pregnant and those that do not become pregnant
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