34 research outputs found
United Nations Environmental Council / United Nations Headquarters for Sustainability
No full textDesign for the graduation studio of Materialisation. The assignment was to design a new council for the United Nations in New York, which would become the United Nations Environmental CouncilMaterialisation graduation studioArchitectureArchitectur
Predicting tidal displacements of the surface of the Earth
No full textTidal deformations are of increasing importance to geodesy (VLBI, satellite geodesy). A fortran program to predict the tidal displacements has been adapted for use on a personal computer. The direct -or body tides- are computed using the potential development of Cartwright, Tayler and Edden. A set of Love-numbers that can easily be modified is applied. The indirect effects due to ocean loading are computed by means of a larger scale computer since it involves a convolution over the world’s oceans (Farrell, 1972). Cotidal charts by Schwidersky, divided into 1 xl squares are used. Some displacements (vertical, east-west and north-south) have been plotted along with some derived results such as the ratio direct-indirect displacements and the dilatation of baselines.Civil Engineering and Geoscience
Verkenningen naar een low-cost aanvaringsalarm
No full textOmdat het verkeerd interpreteren van scheepsradarbeelden een belangrijke oorzaak is bij aanvaringen, waarbij een der schepen volstrekt niet door het andere schip is waargenomen, ontstaat de behoefte een apparaat te construeren dat hierbij behulpzaam is. In dit verslag wordt daartoe een opzet gegeven van een dergelijke unit, een aanvaringsdetector die aan de scheepsradar gekoppeld wordt. Door het berekenen van de banen van de schepen in de omgeving kunnen de Time to Closest Point of Approach (TCPA) en Distance to Closest Point of Approach (DCPA) bepaald worden, waarna een alarm optreedt indien beide grootheden bepaalde grenzen onderschreiden. De berekening van de banen geschiedt met het α-βfilter. Voor een demonstratie van het systeem is een eenvoudige radarsimulator ontworpen, die schepen (waarop een willekeurige afwijking is gesuperponeerd), kusten en clutter genereert. Tevens wordt uit de hoek van de veiligheidskunde beschouwd wat de gevolgen van de implementatie van een dergelijke unit aan boord van een schip zouden kunnen zijn.Applied SciencesElectrotechniekTelecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssysteme
Long-Term Cardiac Monitoring After Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source: Search Longer, Look Harder
No full textEmbolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) represents a heterogeneous subgroup of patients with cryptogenic stroke, in which despite an extensive diagnostic workup the cause of stroke remains uncertain. Identifying covert atrial fibrillation among patients with ESUS remains challenging. The increasing use of cardiac implanted electronic devices (CIED), such as pacemakers, implantable defibrillators, and implantable loop recorders (ILR), has provided important information on the burden of subclinical atrial fibrillation. Accumulating evidence indicate that long-term continuous monitoring, especially in selected patients with ESUS, significantly increases the possibility of atrial fibrillation detection, suggesting it may be a cost-effective tool in secondary stroke prevention. This review summarizes available evidence related to the use of long-term cardiac monitoring and the use of implantable cardiac monitoring devices in patients with ESUS. © 2022 The Author
Author Correction: Thermodynamic Signatures of Weyl Fermions in NbP (Scientific Reports, (2019), 9, 1, (2095), 10.1038/s41598-018-38161-7)
No full textThe Acknowledgements section in this Article is incomplete. “The authors wish to thank A. Shekhter for useful discussions. B.J.R. acknowledges funding from LANL LDRD 20160616ECR ‘New States of Matter in Weyl Semimetals’, from the DOE-BES ‘Science of 100 Tesla’ program, and from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1752784. Work at Los Alamos National Laboratory was supported by the LDRD Program. T.M. is funded by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through GRK 1621, SFB 1143, and the Emmy-Noether program ME 4844/1. P.J.M. is supported by the Max-Planck-Society and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 715730).” should read:. © 2020, The Author(s)
Development and testing of equipment attachment zones for lattice and grid-stiffened composite structures
No full textAerospace Structures & Computational Mechanic
Lean Engineering Design of Rail Interlocking Systems with RailML
No full textAn interlocking system forms a vital part of a railway signaling system because it ensures the safe movement of trains. For one by controlling movable track elements like switches and for an-other by controlling signals. The engineering design of interlocking systems poses challenges to both engineers at e.g. Siemens and the infrastructure manager, e.g. Prorail in the Netherlands. Challenges arise from the cumber-some, labor intensive, conservative, ambiguous and failsafe nature of the interlocking engineering design processes. Best practices in lean production systems raise Siemens’ interest in a lean engineering approach, i.e. reduce the ‘waste’ that does not contribute value to the final rail product. The development of RailML, an open source IT tool that aims to standardize the ex-change of data in a variety of rail processes, may prove the lean catalyst. The lean philosophy has however seldom been applied in engineering design processes. Therefore, this research aims to provide insight in the drivers of the engineering design chain that decrease development time, increase data reliability and make application more flexible, while ensuring (fail-)safe systems. For that purpose, this thesis investigates the next research question: To which extent can RailML potentially enable a leaner engineering design of rail interlocking systems? This study focuses on the Dutch railway network. Furthermore, this study only considers engineering design processes and RailML as the data exchange tool. Five sub research questions lead to an answer: Which methodology leads to a lean transformation of rail interlocking systems’ engineering design? Best practices about lean transformations lead to a methodology that commences with defining complexity into standardized and varying requirements of the final design. A future lean structure of the chain follows from mitigating ‘waste’ and achieving lean transformation directions. The more standardized the require-ments, the higher the potential for an IT tool like RailML to miti-gate ‘waste’. Case specific transformation directions include ‘waste’ prioritization, process standardization, open source IT tools, a modular process and information sharing. A model study allows to quantify the improvement of a strategy like RailML on the status quo and benchmark the lean effect. Four criteria count: costs, time, interdependencies and ambiguities. How would a future lean interlocking engineering design change the status quo? The status quo contains twenty processes that struggle with non value added work in progress, many (non machine readable) data transfers, ambiguous interlocking design from scratch, high fixed costs, many validation processes and low productivity rates. A lean engineering design process mitigates most of that ‘waste’ by concentrating on five main processes: project definition, data preparation, interlocking area design, interlocking engineering and a dry test. Realistically, varying requirements and completely new interlocking areas prevent full automation of the engineering design chain. How should interlocking be implemented into RailML for the purposes desired by Prorail? Prorail proposed to use and provided the files of the Santpoort Noord interlocking area as a case study to formalize the interlock-ing in RailML. A RailML interlocking formalization from the per-spective of a train requesting a route, results in a complete, con-cise and RailML group coherent interlocking formalization that allows to capture all necessary rail elements for (Siemens’) inter-locking engineering and the two-block three-aspect system ATB-EG. The RailML structure contains two main sub elements: signals and segments. The signal element captures aspect dependencies on the basis of entrance speed profiles, signal aspect and target signal combinations. The segments element covers route relevant elements. In the case of ETCS level 3, the interlocking formaliza-tion might ultimately become superfluous. How does RailML change the interlocking engineering design chain when implemented as the rail data exchange tool for railway signaling systems in the Netherlands? RailML mainly improves the design stage by machine readable transfers, elimination of interlocking area design from scratch and automates test protocol development. At the engineering stage, RailML eliminates the data preparation process and a part of interlocking IT engineering. These improvements do however assume the existence of a single data source in the chain e.g. a GIS. RailML mainly lacks the ability to achieve a modular engi-neering design, continuous process flow, improved project man-agement and lean perfectionism / learning effect. What benefits does the application of the RailML formaliza-tion have during the engineering design of an interlocking area over the traditional and lean process structure? RailML reduces Siemens’ costs between 17%-27% and covers 21%-35% of a lean cost reduction, depending on project complexity. RailML improves productivity by 26%-47% although this only covers 6%-14% of a lean improvement. RailML relatively improves transaction costs but needs a larger average of non value added work-in-progress to achieve so. RailML reduces the tier rejection rate by 47%-77%, which is 50%-81% lean. RailML worsens the non value added work-in-progress for high complexity projects. RailML shows deviating lead time performance: a reduction of 2%-25% which is 2%-64% lean. RailML reduces the current amount of design rules by 55%, which is 85% lean. In general, RailML improves the performance of the interlocking engineering design chain on almost every performance metric, for each project complexity. RailML covers about 43% of the lean state for a medium complexity interlocking area as Santpoort Noord. Academically, the proposed interlocking formalization excels in its way of incorporating signal aspect dependencies, minimal amount of data (barely any redundancy) and alignment with both industry and infrastructure managers. In fact, on the RailML congress of September 2013, the RailML group decided to study the implementation of the developed formalization for different signaling systems than the Dutch and different engi-neering processes than Siemens’. The lean methodology leads to a scientific benchmark of a strategy’s, e.g. RailML’s, lean perfor-mance. The methodology however needs a substantial amount of data and does not seem to work as well for high complexity pro-jects as simpler ones. The author mainly recommends Siemens and Prorail to continue with the development of RailML, to start an interlocking engineer-ing design pilot project with RailML and to enlarge the degree in which interlocking areas can be standardized. From an academic standpoint, the author mainly recommends to study whether the interlocking formalization works for different signaling systems, infrastructure managers and interlocking engineers, to quantify the effects on the safety case, to investi-gate effects of more detailed data, to find design modeling tech-niques that work on a micro level and to test the hypothesis that high complexity engineering design projects suit less for a lean transformation.Transport, Infrastructure & LogisticsTransport & PlanningCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Exercise on referral – symposium hosted by the Physical Activity Special Interest Group for the Wolfson Research Institute for Health and Wellbeing, Durham University
No full textThe article discusses a symposium on exercise referral schemes (ERS) that was held at the College of St Hild and St Bede, Durham on October 14, 2016. It mentions that exercise referral schemes have increased in popularity to address society's significant chronic disease burden. It also presents the views of Emily Oliver, from Physical Activity Special Interest Group, regarding the same
Effect of Training on Peak Oxygen Consumption in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
No full textContains fulltext :
238766.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access
Relative skeletal muscle mass and incident hypertension: Associations, caveats, and future perspectives
No full textContains fulltext :
229780.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)01 november 202
