1,720,994 research outputs found
Health Accounting: An Introductory Note
No full textAbstract
Background: Economic growth and public health are inextricably linked. This complex relationship is at the heart of our understanding of the social determinants of health at macroeconomic level.
Better knowledge about the consequences of economic growth on the population’s health conditions may aid both academics and policy maker in developing policies to improve people’s quality of life.
Methods: In economics it is usual to model people’s health status as a function of the causes of health using a production function. Following this standard approach, in this paper we attempt to develop a ‘health accounting’ framework. In particular, we utilise the concepts of income and output elasticity to investigate the channels through which economic growth affects the population’s health conditions.
Results: We introduce a basic technique to break up the influence of economic growth on the population’s health conditions into three main components: 1) a ‘resources effect’; 2) a ‘behaviours effect’; 3) and a ‘knowledge effect’. Each of these effects is the product of two elasticities: the output and income elasticity of the fundamental factors influencing public health: health care, health-related lifestyle, and medical knowledge.
Conclusions: This paper provides a simple but coherent framework useful for describing and measuring the role of economic structural changes in determining public health. This health accounting approach allows us to investigate how the long-run macroeconomic evolution of a country’s is able to affect the general health conditions of its population
Healthcare in crisis: What happened to mentoring? A Comment
No full textThe perceived decline in care and benchmark standards is arguably a product of competing benchmarks and the decline of traditional mentoring approaches positioned with the patient experience at its core
The Gordian knot: provision in Scotland and England
No full textNoJayne Donaldson, Bryan McIntosh and Simon Jones argue that England can learn from Scotland's approaches to the nature of hospital capacity and the workforce's delivery of service
The interim report of the Cass review into the NHS gender identity development service: a discussion
No full textProfessor Bryan McIntosh and Ellie Koseda provide an overview of the review into the NHS's only gender identity development service, led by Dr Hilary Cass, following the publication of the interim report in February 2022. Key issues in this complex and developing field are discussed
Economic structural change and cancer incidence
Full text linkThe purpose of this paper
is to highlight some basic empirical regularities
and theoretical insights to be considered for
further research to develop an economic
theory of cancer incidence
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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